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View article: 40 priority questions to advance understanding of the risks and opportunities of UK marine heatwaves
40 priority questions to advance understanding of the risks and opportunities of UK marine heatwaves Open
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are periods of anomalously warm sea temperatures that are becoming increasingly recognised as ocean stressors. Globally, MHWs have impacted marine ecosystems, with significant socioeconomic implications for coastal …
View article: Climate change impacts to upwelling and shallow reef nutrient sources across an oceanic archipelago
Climate change impacts to upwelling and shallow reef nutrient sources across an oceanic archipelago Open
Upwelling delivers key nutritional and energetic subsidies to coral reef communities that affect the growth, abundance, and ecology of organisms across trophic levels. However, the cross‐scale oceanographic and atmospheric drivers of local…
View article: Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean
Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean Open
Resilient coastal communities and sustainable marine economies require actionable knowledge to plan for and adapt to emerging and potential future climate change, particularly in relation to ecosystem services and coastal hazards. Such kno…
View article: Immune Responses Against West Nile Virus and Mosquito Salivary Proteins in Wild Birds from St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
Immune Responses Against West Nile Virus and Mosquito Salivary Proteins in Wild Birds from St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana Open
Though a variety of methods are used to conduct West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance, accurate prediction and prevention of outbreaks remain a global challenge. Previous studies have established that the concentration of antibodies to mosqui…
View article: Cold Spells, Fresh Waves, and the Biogeochemical Response in the North Atlantic Cold Anomaly Region
Cold Spells, Fresh Waves, and the Biogeochemical Response in the North Atlantic Cold Anomaly Region Open
Regional effects of marine cold spells (MCS, periods of anomalous cooling), their impact on ecosystem biogeochemistry, and link to salinity extremes remain underexplored. A case in point is North Atlantic's Cold Anomaly (CA) region (known …
View article: Impact of a newly observed recurring eddy on the western Bay of Bengal productivity 
Impact of a newly observed recurring eddy on the western Bay of Bengal productivity  Open
Mesoscale eddies have a significant impact on the biological productivity in the Bay of Bengal (Eastern Indian Ocean). However, we do not currently have a complete understanding of them. The Bay of Bengal is a region that is highly depende…
View article: Immune Responses Against West Nile Virus and Mosquito Salivary Proteins in Wild Birds from St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
Immune Responses Against West Nile Virus and Mosquito Salivary Proteins in Wild Birds from St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana Open
Though a variety of methods are used to conduct West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance, accurate prediction and prevention of outbreaks remains a global challenge. Previous studies have established that the concentration of antibodies to mosqu…
View article: Marine heatwaves and cold spells in the Northeast Atlantic: what should the UK be prepared for?
Marine heatwaves and cold spells in the Northeast Atlantic: what should the UK be prepared for? Open
Up to now, the UK has avoided major marine heatwaves (MHWs) that cause severe damage to marine ecosystems and the blue economy. However, an unprecedented in its intensity, though short-lived, MHW occurred in UK waters in June 2023. This ev…
View article: A sustainable blue economy may not be possible in Tanzania without cutting emissions
A sustainable blue economy may not be possible in Tanzania without cutting emissions Open
Balancing blue growth with the conservation of wild species and habitats is a key challenge for global ocean management. This is exacerbated in Global South nations, such as Tanzania, where climate-driven ocean change requires delicate mar…
View article: Absence of the Great Whirl giant ocean vortex abates productivity in the Somali upwelling region
Absence of the Great Whirl giant ocean vortex abates productivity in the Somali upwelling region Open
Somali upwelling is the fifth largest upwelling globally with high productivity, attracting tuna migratory species. A key control on the upwelling productivity is its interaction with one of the world’s largest oceanic eddies, the Great Wh…
View article: Socio-oceanography: an opportunity to integrate marine social and natural sciences
Socio-oceanography: an opportunity to integrate marine social and natural sciences Open
Marine natural sciences have been instrumental in helping society understand how ocean systems operate and the threats they face. However, there is a growing realisation that the societal challenges related to the marine environment can on…
View article: Retention properties of the Agulhas bank and their relevance to the chokka squid life cycle
Retention properties of the Agulhas bank and their relevance to the chokka squid life cycle Open
Retention is thought to be a crucial component required to create a favourable habitat for coastal pelagic species. It is vital for the survival of ‘chokka’ squid (Loligo reynaudii), which is a fishery that supports thousands of people liv…
View article: The paralarval stage as key to predicting squid catch: Hints from a process-based model
The paralarval stage as key to predicting squid catch: Hints from a process-based model Open
Squid species show pronounced interannual variability in population size. While this may partially reflect
\nchanges in fisheries pressure, it is thought to be primarily the result of environmental variability. Most squid have
\nan annual …
View article: Earth Observation and Machine Learning Reveal the Dynamics of Productive Upwelling Regimes on the Agulhas Bank
Earth Observation and Machine Learning Reveal the Dynamics of Productive Upwelling Regimes on the Agulhas Bank Open
The combined application of machine learning and satellite observations offers a new way for analysing complex ocean biological and physical processes. Here, an unsupervised machine learning approach, Self Organizing Maps (SOM), is applied…
View article: Drivers of productivity on the Agulhas Bank and the importance for marine ecosystems
Drivers of productivity on the Agulhas Bank and the importance for marine ecosystems Open
The Agulhas Bank, an area of broad continental shelf extending 250 km offshore of South Africa, sustains rich and productive fisheries. However, its primary production is driven by a complex mosaic of biophysical mechanisms, highly variabl…
View article: Spatial and temporal variability of Net Primary Production on the Agulhas Bank, 1998–2018
Spatial and temporal variability of Net Primary Production on the Agulhas Bank, 1998–2018 Open
Despite the importance of Agulhas Bank (AB) marine productivity in supporting South African coastal fisheries and shelf ecosystems, there are relatively few regional-scale assessments of its spatial and temporal variability, and most produ…
View article: Large projected reductions in marine fish biomass for Kenya and Tanzania in the absence of climate mitigation
Large projected reductions in marine fish biomass for Kenya and Tanzania in the absence of climate mitigation Open
Climate change is projected to cause significant reductions in global fisheries catch during the 21st Century. Yet, little is understood of climate change impacts on tropical fisheries, which support many livelihoods, as is the case in the…
View article: Productivity driven by Tana river discharge is spatially limited in Kenyan coastal waters
Productivity driven by Tana river discharge is spatially limited in Kenyan coastal waters Open
The Tana River is the longest river system in Kenya (~1000 km) and contributes ~ 50% of the total river discharge to Kenyan coastal waters. The river discharges significant amounts of nutrients and sediments, reaching ~24,000 tons per day …
View article: Managing emerging fisheries of the North Kenya Banks in the context of environmental change
Managing emerging fisheries of the North Kenya Banks in the context of environmental change Open
The North Kenya Banks have long been considered an important emerging fishery with the potential to spur economic growth for local fishing communities. As a regionally important extension to the otherwise narrow East African continental sh…
View article: Key climate change stressors of marine ecosystems along the path of the East African coastal current
Key climate change stressors of marine ecosystems along the path of the East African coastal current Open
For the countries bordering the tropical Western Indian Ocean (TWIO), living marine resources are vital for food security. However, this region has largely escaped the attention of studies investigating potential impacts of future climate …
View article: Variability of mackerel fish catch and remotely-sensed biophysical controls in the eastern Pemba Channel
Variability of mackerel fish catch and remotely-sensed biophysical controls in the eastern Pemba Channel Open
Advances in satellite remote sensing of environmental perturbations have become important in understanding variations of ocean productivity and small pelagic fish catches. This marine resource is vital for coastal populations dependent on …
View article: Ocean science in action: communicating cutting edge advances in marine research and technology via Massive Online Open Courses
Ocean science in action: communicating cutting edge advances in marine research and technology via Massive Online Open Courses Open
<p>MOOCs or Massive Open Online Courses are&#160;picking up momentum in&#160;popularity. Unlike regular courses, MOOCs can attract many thousands of enrollees around the world and engage broader audiences outside of academia,…
View article: A Major Ecosystem Shift in Coastal East African Waters during the 1997/98 Super El Ni&#241;o as Detected Using Remote Sensing Data
A Major Ecosystem Shift in Coastal East African Waters during the 1997/98 Super El Niño as Detected Using Remote Sensing Data Open
<p>Under the impact of natural and anthropogenic climate variability, upwelling systems are known to change their properties leading to associated regime shifts in marine ecosystems. These often impact commercial fisheries and societ…
View article: Why Does Western Indian Ocean Circulation Connectivity Matter?
Why Does Western Indian Ocean Circulation Connectivity Matter? Open
<p>Marine circulation connectivity describes the pathways and timescales over which spatially separated parts of the ocean are connected by oceanic currents. In the Western Indian Ocean (WIO), these pathways and associated timescales…
View article: The Major Role of Air‐Sea Heat Fluxes in Driving Interannual Variations of Gulf Stream Transport
The Major Role of Air‐Sea Heat Fluxes in Driving Interannual Variations of Gulf Stream Transport Open
The Gulf Stream (GS) is central to the global redistribution of heat due to the transport of large volumes of warm water from the tropics to high latitudes and the extreme ocean heat loss to the atmosphere. This study assesses the extent t…
View article: A Major Ecosystem Shift in Coastal East African Waters During the 1997/98 Super El Niño as Detected Using Remote Sensing Data
A Major Ecosystem Shift in Coastal East African Waters During the 1997/98 Super El Niño as Detected Using Remote Sensing Data Open
Under the impact of natural and anthropogenic climate variability, upwelling systems are known to change their properties leading to associated regime shifts in marine ecosystems. These often impact commercial fisheries and societies depen…
View article: The small pelagic fishery of the Pemba Channel, Tanzania: What we know and what we need to know for management under climate change
The small pelagic fishery of the Pemba Channel, Tanzania: What we know and what we need to know for management under climate change Open
Small pelagic fish, including anchovies, sardines and sardinellas, mackerels, capelin, hilsa, sprats and herrings, are distributed widely, from the tropics to the far north Atlantic Ocean and to the southern oceans off Chile and South Afri…