Personal space
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Challenges Caused by Increased Use of E-Powered Personal Mobility Vehicles in European Cities Open
Increased use of e-powered personal mobility vehicles is usually considered to be a positive change, while it is generally agreed that Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMVs) effectively and efficiently reduce the negative environmental impacts …
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Physiological Response to Facial Expressions in Peripersonal Space Determines Interpersonal Distance in a Social Interaction Context Open
Accurate control of interpersonal distances in social contexts is an important determinant of effective social interactions. Although comfortable interpersonal distance seems to be dependent on social factors such as the gender, age and ac…
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Reduced Personal Space in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Open
Maintaining an appropriate distance from others is important for establishing effective communication and good interpersonal relations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder associated with social difficulties, and it …
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Determining Shape and Size of Personal Space of a Human when Passed by a Robot Open
Autonomous mobile robots that operate in environments with people are expected to be able to deal with human proxemics and social distances. Previous research investigated how robots can approach persons or how to implement human-aware nav…
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The anisotropy of personal space Open
Violations of personal space are associated with discomfort. However, the exact function linking the magnitude of discomfort to interpersonal distance has not yet been specified. In this study, we explore whether interpersonal distance and…
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Neural correlates of social and non-social personal space intrusions: Role of defensive and peripersonal space systems in interpersonal distance regulation Open
Personal space regulation ensures the maintenance of a margin of safety between the individual and the surrounding world. However, little is known about the specific neural mechanisms implicated in regulating the distance from conspecifics…
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Sexual attraction modulates interpersonal distance and approach-avoidance movements towards virtual agents in males Open
How does sexual attraction alter social interaction behavior? We examined the influence of sexual orientation on locomotor approach-avoidance behavior and interpersonal distance. We immersed androphilic and gynophilic male subjects into a …
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Space missions: psychological and psychopathological issues Open
Exploring space is one of the most attractive goals that humanity ever set, notwithstanding, there are some psychological and psychopathological risks that should be considered. Several studies identified some possible hazards of space tra…
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This is for you: Social modulations of proximal vs. distal space in collaborative interaction Open
Human spatial representations are shaped by affordances for action offered by the environment. A prototypical example is the organization of space into peripersonal (within reach) and extrapersonal (outside reach) regions, mirrored by prox…
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Space Invaders: Pedestrian Proxemic Utility Functions and Trust Zones for Autonomous Vehicle Interactions Open
Understanding pedestrian proxemic utility and trust will help autonomous vehicles to plan and control interactions with pedestrians more safely and efficiently. When pedestrians cross the road in front of human-driven vehicles, the two age…
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Personal space increases during the COVID-19 pandemic in response to real and virtual humans Open
Personal space is the distance that people tend to maintain from others during daily life in a largely unconscious manner. For humans, personal space-related behaviors represent one form of non-verbal social communication, similar to facia…
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Applicability of Virtual Reality Systems for Evaluating Pedestrians’ Perception and Behavior Open
In order to properly design pedestrian spaces, it is important to consider pedestrian safety and comfort. Recently, with the rapid progress of virtual reality (VR) technologies, reproducing objects closer to VR users has become easier. The…
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What makes a space invader? Passenger perceptions of personal space invasion in aircraft travel Open
The invasion of personal space is often a contributory factor to the experience of discomfort in aircraft passengers. This paper presents a questionnaire study which investigated how air travellers are affected by invasions of personal spa…
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Speaking against Silence: Finding a Voice in Hong Kong Chinese Families through the Umbrella Movement Open
Social movement researchers have investigated how personal relationships and emotional attachments are implicated in activism, but less attention has been given to the ways in which activism affects personal lives. This article addresses t…
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Homogeneity and Activeness of Crowd on Aged Pedestrian Dynamics Open
An aging population is bringing new challenges to the management of escape routes and facility design in many countries. In this paper the movement properties of middle- and old-aged adults are studied with series of single-file movement e…
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Self-Disclosure to an IoT Conversational Agent: Effects of Space and User Context on Users’ Willingness to Self-Disclose Personal Information Open
In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), IoT conversational agents (IoT-CAs) have become the gateways for smart spaces. Users will inevitably self-disclose some types of personal information while interacting with IoT-CAs. In this study…
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An Investigation Into Interpersonal and Peripersonal Spaces of Chinese People for Different Directions and Genders Open
This study explores the interpersonal space (IPS) and peripersonal space (PPS) of Chinese people and evaluates the relationship between the two spaces for different directions and genders. Seventy-one participants were recruited for this s…
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Personal Space Regulation in Williams Syndrome: The Effect of Familiarity Open
Personal space refers to a protective barrier that we strive to maintain around our body. We examined personal space regulation in young people with Williams syndrome (WS) and their typically developing, chronological age-matched peers usi…
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Do Not Let the Robot Get too Close: Investigating the Shape and Size of Shared Interaction Space for Two People in a Conversation Open
Robotic and other autonomous systems that need to operate in environments with people should respect social rules. One important aspect of this is personal space, which is the space surrounding a person. When two people are in a conversati…
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How perception of personal space influence obstacle avoidance during walking: differences between young and older adults Open
Individuals maintain a spatial margin or 'personal space' between themselves and others. The form of this space and strategies for avoiding obstacles can be influenced by participant characteristics such as age. In this study, we investiga…
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Personal space of autonomous car's passengers sitting in the driver's\n seat Open
This article deals with the specific context of an autonomous car navigating\nin an urban center within a shared space between pedestrians and cars. The\ndriver delegates the control to the autonomous system while remaining seated in\nthe …
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An all-densities pedestrian simulator based on a dynamic evaluation of the interpersonal distances Open
In this paper we deal with pedestrian modeling, aiming at simulating crowd behavior in normal and emergency scenarios, including highly congested mass events. We are specifically concerned with a new agent-based, continuous-in-space, discr…
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Shopping with(out) distancing: modelling the personal space to limit the spread of contagious disease among consumers in retail stores Open
This research aims at providing a new model of consumers’ perso- nal space to limit the spread of contagious disease while shopping in person. To this end, it adopts an agents-based simulation approach to model consumers’ movements in the …
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Different neural activations for an approaching friend versus stranger: Linking personal space to numerical cognition Open
Introduction Typically, humans place themselves at a preferred distance from others. This distance is known to characterize human spatial behavior. Here, we focused on neurocognitive conditions that may affect interpersonal distances. The …
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Effect of Personal Space Invasion on Passenger Comfort and Comfort Design of an Aircraft Cabin Open
Passenger comfort is becoming an important issue with the recent increase in air travel. A common cause of passenger discomfort and distress is the invasion of the passenger’s personal space. This paper presents the results of two studies …
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A Pedestrian Avoidance Method Considering Personal Space for a Guide Robot Open
Many methods have been proposed for avoiding obstacles in robotic systems. However, a robotic system that moves without colliding with obstacles and people, while still being mentally safe to the persons nearby, has not yet been realized. …
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The influence of face mask on social spaces depends on the behavioral immune system Open
Interacting with objects and people requires specifying localized spaces where these interactions can take place. Previous studies suggest that the space for interacting with objects (i.e., the peripersonal space) contributes to defining t…
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Doodle Away: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Doodling as a Strategy for Self-Control Strength in Online Spaces Open
We think we are not alone when we say: navigating the new online spaces surrounding us is more difficult than we could have predicted. In this paper, we explore doodling as a tool for self-control while attending passive online spaces. We,…
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The perception of territory and personal space invasion among hospitalized patients Open
Attitudes of the nursing staff, such as touching the patient's possessions without permission and exposing the patient, caused discomfort and violated patient privacy. Patients who were lonelier and had more privacy at home perceived great…
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Analysing Personal Networks in Geographical Space Beyond the Question of Distance Open
Recent literature recognises the importance of situating social networks in spatial context. Yet, the spatial analysis of personal networks has often been limited to examining residential distances between actors. While distance is a centr…