Unit root ≈ Unit root
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The Contribution of Sustainable Tourism to Economic Growth and Employment in Pakistan Open
In the global economy, tourism is one of the most noticeable and growing sectors. Thissector plays an important role in boosting a nation’s economy. An increase in tourism flow canbring positive economic outcomes to the nations, especially…
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Short and long-run impacts of climate change on agriculture: an empirical evidence from China Open
Purpose The climate change effects on agricultural output in different regions of the world and have been debated in the literature of emerging economies. Recently, the agriculture sector has influenced globally through climate change and …
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Cryptocurrencies and stock market indices. Are they related? Open
In this paper, we investigate the stochastic properties of six major cryptocurrencies and their bilateral linkages with six stock market indices using fractional integration techniques. From the univariate analysis, we observe that for Bit…
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Financial development and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of 16 African and non-African low-income countries Open
This paper aims to investigate the long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth using panel unit root and panel cointegration analysis in 16 selected low-income countries for the period of 20 years from 1995 to 2…
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Linking between Renewable Energy, CO2 Emissions, and Economic Growth: Challenges for Candidates and Potential Candidates for the EU Membership Open
This paper investigates the impact of renewable energy sources (RESs), CO2 emissions, macroeconomics, and the political stability in a country on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The authors analyse the dynamics of RESs use, CO2 emissions…
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Has COVID-19 Changed Exchange Rate Resistance to Shocks? Open
In this note, we propose the hypothesis that COVID-19 has influenced the Yen-US dollar exchange rate’s resistance to shocks. We propose a time varying unit root model and unravel that prior to the pandemic, the Yen was non-stationary while…
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Physical and Functional Constraints on Viable Belowground Acquisition Strategies Open
Since their emergence onto land, terrestrial plants have developed diverse strategies to acquire soil resources. However, we lack a framework that adequately captures how these strategies vary among species. Observations from around the wo…
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Sustainability of the Moderating Role of Financial Development in the Determinants of Environmental Degradation: Evidence from Turkey Open
One of the questions that remain unanswered in the literature on determinants of carbon emissions is the moderating effect of “financial development”. This becomes imperative, owing to the connection of carbon emissions to environmental de…
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CO<sub>2</sub>emissions, urbanisation and economic growth: evidence from Asian countries Open
This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanisation for the period 1980–2014 using the pooled mean group (P.M.G.) approach and panel G…
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The Relationship Between Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in EU Countries: A Cointegration Analysis Open
This paper explores the dynamics of the relationship between economic growth and CO 2 emissions in the 27 EU member states in a panel setting for the period 2000–2017. We use qualitative sequential methodology, involving empiric analysis t…
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MULTIVARIATE GRANGER CAUSALITY BETWEEN CO2 EMISSIONS, ENERGY INTENSITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PORTUGAL: EVIDENCE FROM COINTEGRATION AND CAUSALITY ANALYSIS Open
The present study aims to investigate the relationship between economic growth, energy intensity and CO2 emissions by incorporating financial development in CO2 emissions function using Portuguese annual data over the period of 1971–2011. …
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Does economic policy uncertainty affect renewable energy consumption? Open
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.
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Linking institutional quality to environmental sustainability Open
This study investigates the influence of democracy, autocracy, and globalization on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in 69 developing countries from 1990 to 2018. We used the unit root approaches to scrutinize the level of stationarity and…
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Convergence of per capita ecological footprint among the ASEAN-5 countries: Evidence from a non-linear panel unit root test Open
This study aims to investigate the convergence of the per capita ecological footprint among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN-5) countries by using panel data for the period 1961 to 2016. To this end, the two-regime thresho…
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Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Affect CO2 Emissions? Empirical Evidence from the United States Open
This paper aims to examine the effects of economic policy uncertainty (measured by the World Uncertainty Index—WUI) on the level of CO2 emissions in the United States for the period from 1960 to 2016. For this purpose, we consider the unit…
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Economic Complexity and Ecological Footprint: Evidence from the Most Complex Economies in the World Open
The paper introduces economic complexity as an explanatory variable of ecological footprint change, along with income per capita and fossil fuel energy consumption. The link between the ecological footprint and economic complexity is explo…
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Random walks and market efficiency tests: evidence on US, Chinese and European capital markets within the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic Open
Research background: Covid-19 has affected the global economy and has had an inevitable impact on capital markets. In the week of February 24?28, 2020, stock markets crashed. The index FTSE 100 decreased 13%, while the indices DJIA and S&P…
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The Causal Connection between CO2 Emissions and Agricultural Productivity in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Testing Approach Open
The rapid agricultural development and mechanization of agronomic diligence has led to a significant growth in energy consumption and CO2 emission. Agriculture has a dominant contribution to boosting the economy of any country. In this pap…
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The Role of Tourism in Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Saudi Arabia Open
Tourism is vital to the success of many economies worldwide and has been a widely researched area for many years. Unfortunately, an insufficient number of studies have been conducted on this subject in the context of Saudi Arabia. Therefor…
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Testing for Bubbles in Cryptocurrencies with Time-Varying Volatility Open
The recent evolution of cryptocurrencies has been characterized by bubble-like behavior and extreme volatility. While it is difficult to assess an intrinsic value to a specific cryptocurrency, one can employ recently proposed bubble tests …
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Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus: Evidence from Maki Cointegration Open
Access to electricity is seen as an essential driver for economic growth in both developing and developed economies. It is based on the above premise that this paper empirically revisits the dynamic relationship between electricity consump…
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The influence of economic complexity processes and renewable energy on CO2 emissions of BRICS. What about industry 4.0? Open
This study analyses the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions per capita, the economic complexity index, renewable energy, and inward foreign direct investment using panel data for the BRICS countries from 1995 to 2020. Empirical r…
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Export-led Growth Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from Selected Sub-saharan African Countries Open
The objective of this study is to examine the validity of Export-Led Growth (ELG) hypothesis in selected Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries for the period from 1985 to 2014. A new generation panel data approach is applied such as panel un…
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The heterogeneous effect of democracy, economic and political globalisation on renewable energy Open
This paper summarises the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on international cooperation’s role in combatting climate change and its impacts. The primary purpose of the research is to determine renewable energ…
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Energy, Trade, Urbanization and Environmental Degradation Nexus in Sri Lanka: Bounds Testing Approach Open
This study examines the nexus between energy, trade, urbanization and environmental degradation in Sri Lanka. The time series data has been checked for unit root problem along with unknown structural break. The bounds testing approach conf…
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Macroeconomic indicators and their impact on stock markets in ASIAN 3: A pooled mean group approach Open
The objective of this paper is to examine the long-run and the short-run relationship between India, China and Japanese stock markets and key macroeco- nomic variables such as exchange rates and inflation (proxied by consumer price index) …
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Green energy, non-renewable energy, financial development and economic growth with carbon footprint: heterogeneous panel evidence from cross-country Open
This study examines the relationship between green energy, non-renewable energy, financial development, and economic growth with carbon footprint by using panel data from 63 emerging and developed economies for the time period from 1990 to…
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Testing fractional unit roots with non-linear smooth break approximations using Fourier functions Open
In this paper, we present a testing procedure for fractional orders of integration in the context of non-linear terms approximated by Fourier functions. The test statistic has an asymptotic standard normal distribution and several Monte Ca…
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Government Expenditure, Efficiency and Economic Growth: A Panel Analysis of Sub Saharan African Low Income Countries Open
This paper analyzes the impact of government expenditure and efficiency on economic growth of Sub Saharan African low income countries. The paper uses a panel data of 25 Sub-Saharan African low income countries spanning from 2002 – 2015 wh…
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A New Unit Root Test for Unemployment Hysteresis Based on the Autoregressive Neural Network* Open
This paper proposes a nonlinear unit root test based on the autoregressive neural network process for testing unemployment hysteresis. In this new unit root testing framework, the linear, quadratic and cubic components of the neural networ…