Foramen magnum ≈ Foramen magnum
View article
Significance of cerebellar tonsillar position on MR Open
It has been noted that a low degree of ectopia of the cerebellar tonsils on MR is of questionable significance. We measured the position of the cerebellar tonsils with respect to the inferior aspect of the foramen magnum in 200 normal pati…
View article
Quantifying the influence of respiration and cardiac pulsations on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using real‐time phase‐contrast MRI Open
Purpose To validate a real‐time phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (RT‐PCMRI) sequence in a controlled phantom model, and to quantify the relative contributions of respiration and cardiac pulsations on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) velo…
View article
Chiari malformation and syringomyelia Open
Chiari malformation was first described over a century ago, and consists of posterior fossa anomalies that generally share the feature of cerebellar tonsillar descent through the foramen magnum. Our understanding of this disorder was initi…
View article
Current Care and Investigational Therapies in Achondroplasia Open
Despite several attempts to standardize care, there is still no widely accepted consensus. This is in part due to absence of concrete data on the incidence of sudden unexplained death in infants with achondroplasia and the best investigati…
View article
Intradural pathology and pathophysiology associated with Chiari I malformation in children and adults with and without syringomyelia Open
OBJECTIVE The pathophysiology underlying tonsillar herniation and CSF obstruction in Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is unclear, and the cause of CM-I–associated syringomyelia is not well understood. A better understanding of this pathop…
View article
Signs of Intracranial Hypertension, Hypermobility, and Craniocervical Obstructions in Patients With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Open
The pathophysiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is unknown. In this study, we test the hypothesis that hypermobility, signs of intracranial hypertension (IH), and craniocervical obstructions may be overre…
View article
Technical Aspects on the Use of Ultrasonic Bone Shaver in Spine Surgery: Experience in 307 Patients Open
Aim . We discuss technical points, the safety, and efficacy of ultrasonic bone shaver in various spinal surgeries within our own series. Methods . Between June 2010 and January 2014, 307 patients with various spinal diseases were operated …
View article
Epidemiology of Symptomatic Chiari Malformation in Tatarstan: Regional and Ethnic Differences in Prevalence Open
BACKGROUND Epidemiology can assess the effect of Chiari I malformation (CM1) on the neurological health of a population and evaluate factors influencing CM1 development. OBJECTIVE To analyze the regional and ethnic differences in the preva…
View article
Comparison of posterior fossa decompression with and without duraplasty for the surgical treatment of Chiari malformation type I in adult patients Open
Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is a congenital neurosurgical disease about the herniation of cerebellar tonsil through the foramen magnum. A variety of surgical techniques for CM-I have been used, and there is a controversy whether to u…
View article
Imaging in spinal posterior epidural space lesions: A pictorial essay Open
Spinal epidural space is a real anatomic space located outside the dura mater and within the spinal canal extending from foramen magnum to sacrum. Important contents of this space are epidural fat, spinal nerves, epidural veins and arterie…
View article
A points-based algorithm for prognosticating clinical outcome of Chiari malformation Type I with syringomyelia: results from a predictive model analysis of 82 surgically managed adult patients Open
OBJECTIVE Although various predictors of postoperative outcome have been previously identified in patients with Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) with syringomyelia, there is no known algorithm for predicting a multifactorial outcome measur…
View article
Sex Determination in Japanese Quails (Coturnix japonica) Using Geometric Morphometrics of the Skull Open
The study investigated whether there is a morphological difference between the shape of the female and male quail’s skulls. For this purpose, 18 female and 21 male quails were used. After the skulls were obtained, their photographs were ta…
View article
Morphometric and volumetric comparison of 102 children with symptomatic and asymptomatic Chiari malformation Type I Open
OBJECTIVE Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is typically defined on imaging by a cerebellar tonsil position ≥ 5 mm below the foramen magnum. Low cerebellar tonsil position is a frequent incidental finding on brain or cervical spine imaging…
View article
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Chiari Malformation Type 1: A Prospective Study of 90 Patients Open
This study confirms a high prevalence of SRBDs in patients with CM-1 and CM-1.5, with a predominant obstructive component. Nocturnal PSG recordings should be systematically conducted in these patients, especially those who are male, older,…
View article
Foramen magnum, occipital condyles and hypoglossal canals morphometry: anatomical study with clinical implications Open
The study confirmed that only specific HC dimensions showed side asymmetry (HCs maximum extracranial and minimum intracranial diameters and HCs length), gender dimorphism (HCs right length and left distance HC-OC posterior border) and age …
View article
Craniometric Analysis of the Hindbrain and Craniocervical Junction of Chihuahua, Affenpinscher and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Dogs With and Without Syringomyelia Secondary to Chiari-Like Malformation Open
The selected morphometries successfully characterised conformational changes in the brain and craniocervical junction that might form the basis of a diagnostic tool for all breeds. The severity of SM involved a spectrum of abnormalities, i…
View article
Sexual analysis in turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) neurocranium using geometric morphometric methods Open
The aim of this study was to obtain morphometric data by applying geometric analysis to the neurocranium of the turkey and to statistically reveal the differences between males and females using these data. In the present study, 14 7 males…
View article
The size and shape of the foramen magnum in man Open
The study demonstrates that, within each distinct population, the size of the FM is significantly larger in males than in females; however, there are no significant differences in the shapes of the foramina between sexes. However, when com…
View article
Hypochondroplasia gain-of-function mutation in FGFR3 causes defective bone mineralization in mice Open
Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a mild dwarfism caused by missense mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), with the majority of cases resulting from a heterozygous p.Asn540Lys gain-of-function mutation. Here, we report the gen…
View article
Treatment of “idiopathic” syrinx by atlantoaxial fixation: Report of an experience with nine cases Open
The positive clinical outcome suggests that atlantoaxial instability may be the defining phenomenon in development of previously considered "idiopathic" syringomyelia.
View article
Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas of the Foramen Magnum Region: Clinical Features and Angioarchitectural Phenotypes Open
We present the largest case series of foramen magnum region AVFs to date and show that clinical features relate to angioarchitecture. Orbital symptoms are frequent when sinus reflux is present. Hemorrhage was only observed in type 3 and 4 …
View article
Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum: An Egyptian study Open
Background Human identification is of a paramount forensic concern. It includes sex determination which becomes extremely complex and tricky especially in fragmentary remains. Purpose of the study We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ten d…
View article
Introduction: surgical management of skull base meningiomas Open
Meningiomas represent the most common primary intracranial neoplasm treated by neurosurgeons. Although multimodal treatment of meningiomas includes surgery, radiation-based treatments, and occasionally medical therapy, surgery remains the …
View article
Dural arteriovenous fistula of the lateral foramen magnum region: A review Open
The lateral foramen magnum region is defined as the bilateral occipital area that runs laterally up to the jugular foramen. The critical vasculatures of this region are not completely understood. Dural arteriovenous fistulas that occur in …
View article
The Small Posterior Cranial Fossa Syndrome and Chiari Malformation Type 0 Open
Patients showing typical Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) signs and symptoms frequently undergo cranial and cervical MRI. In some patients, MRI documents >5 mm of cerebellar tonsillar herniation (TH) and the diagnosis of CM1. Patients with…
View article
Longitudinal Study of the Relationship among Craniocervical Morphology, Clinical Progression, and Syringomyelia in a Cohort of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Open
Background Craniocervical junction ( CCJ ) anomalies and secondary syringomyelia are commonly diagnosed in Cavalier King Charles spaniel ( CKCS ). Familiarity with the natural history of these abnormalities is vital to understanding the di…
View article
Suitability of foramen magnum measurements in sex determination and their clinical significance Open
As a result of our study, the metric data we obtained will be useful in cases where the skeletons' sex could not be determined by any other methods. We believe that, our study may be useful for other studies in determining of sex from fora…
View article
Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum using cone beam computed tomography Open
Background/aim: The aim of this study was to perform morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum (FM) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: This study included CBCT images of 190 individuals (88 males and 102 f…
View article
Characterization of intrathecal cerebrospinal fluid geometry and dynamics in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) by magnetic resonance imaging Open
Recent advancements have been made toward understanding the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and related hydrodynamics. Increased understanding of CSF dynamics may lead to improved detection of central nerv…
View article
Outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery for foramen magnum meningiomas: an international multicenter study Open
OBJECTIVE Meningiomas are the most common benign extramedullary lesions of the foramen magnum; however, their optimal management remains undefined. Given their location, foramen magnum meningiomas (FMMs) can cause significant morbidity, an…