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Trust and team performance: A meta-analysis of main effects, moderators, and covariates. Open
Cumulating evidence from 112 independent studies (N = 7,763 teams), we meta-analytically examine the fundamental questions of whether intrateam trust is positively related to team performance, and the conditions under which it is particula…
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The challenge of abstract concepts. Open
concepts ("freedom") differ from concrete ones ("cat"), as they do not have a bounded, identifiable, and clearly perceivable referent. The way in which abstract concepts are represented has recently become a topic of intense debate, especi…
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Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Higher Education Institutions Open
The way people travel, organise their time, and acquire information has changed due to information technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are mechanisms that evolved from data management and developing process…
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Quote – unquote? the role of prosody in the contextualization of reported speech sequences Open
This paper investigates how speakers of English can use the prosodic design of utterances to identity parts of these utterances as instances of reported speech. We will show that prosodic changes can function like quotation marks in writte…
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Grounding Referring Expressions in Images by Variational Context Open
We focus on grounding (i.e., localizing or linking) referring expressions in images, e.g., 'largest elephant standing behind baby elephant'. This is a general yet challenging vision-language task since it does not only require the localiza…
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Why Should Women Get Less? Evidence on the Gender Pay Gap from Multifactorial Survey Experiments Open
Gender pay gaps likely persist in Western societies because both men and women consider somewhat lower earnings for female employees than for otherwise similar male employees to be fair. Two different theoretical approaches explain “legiti…
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The social-pragmatic theory of word learning Open
Some researchers have tried to explain early word learning via garden-variety learning processes and others by invoking linguistically specific “constraints” that help children to narrow down the referential possibilities. The social-pragm…
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Toward a Clearer Definition of Selection Bias When Estimating Causal Effects Open
Selection bias remains a subject of controversy. Existing definitions of selection bias are ambiguous. To improve communication and the conduct of epidemiologic research focused on estimating causal effects, we propose to unify the various…
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Me, myself, and I: self-referent word use as an indicator of self-focused attention in relation to depression and anxiety Open
Self-focused attention (SFA) is considered a cognitive bias that is closely related to depression. However, it is not yet well understood whether it represents a disorder-specific or a trans-diagnostic phenomenon and which role the valence…
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The Semantic Content of Abstract Concepts: A Property Listing Study of 296 Abstract Words Open
The relation of abstract concepts to the modality-specific systems is discussed controversially. According to classical approaches, the semantic content of abstract concepts can only be coded by amodal or verbal-symbolic representations di…
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Sound Symbolism Facilitates Word Learning in 14-Month-Olds Open
Sound symbolism, or the nonarbitrary link between linguistic sound and meaning, has often been discussed in connection with language evolution, where the oral imitation of external events links phonetic forms with their referents (e.g., Ra…
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Computer‐based evaluation of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment patients during a picture description task Open
Introduction We present a methodology to automatically evaluate the performance of patients during picture description tasks. Methods Transcriptions and audio recordings of the Cookie Theft picture description task were used. With 25 healt…
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Discrimination of Multiple Coronal Stop Contrasts in Wubuy (Australia): A Natural Referent Consonant Account Open
Native speech perception is generally assumed to be highly efficient and accurate. Very little research has, however, directly examined the limitations of native perception, especially for contrasts that are only minimally differentiated a…
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Iconicity and Sign Lexical Acquisition: A Review Open
The study of iconicity, defined as the direct relationship between a linguistic form and its referent, has gained momentum in recent years across a wide range of disciplines. In the spoken modality, there is abundant evidence showing that …
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How E-Learning Environmental Stimuli Influence Determinates of Learning Engagement in the Context of COVID-19? SOR Model Perspective Open
The COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 has changed the conventional learning mode for most students at schools all over the world, and the e-learning at home has become a new trend. Taking Chinese college students as the research s…
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Of the body and the hands: patterned iconicity for semantic categories Open
This paper examines how gesturers and signers use their bodies to express concepts such as instrumentality and humanness. Comparing across eight sign languages (American, Japanese, German, Israeli, and Kenyan Sign Languages, Ha Noi Sign La…
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An Alternative to Mapping a Word onto a Concept in Language Acquisition: Pragmatic Frames Open
The classic mapping metaphor posits that children learn a word by mapping it onto a concept of an object or event. However, we believe that a mapping metaphor cannot account for word learning, because even though children focus attention o…
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Unsupervised Entity Linking with Abstract Meaning Representation Open
Xiaoman Pan, Taylor Cassidy, Ulf Hermjakob, Heng Ji, Kevin Knight. Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2015.
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Speech categorization develops slowly through adolescence. Open
The development of the ability to categorize speech sounds is often viewed as occurring primarily during infancy via perceptual learning mechanisms. However, a number of studies suggest that even after infancy, children's categories become…
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The role of consumer innovativeness and green perceptions on green innovation use: The case of shared e‐bikes and e‐scooters Open
The growing awareness of environmental issues can be linked to the demand for green transport innovations. Consumer behavior studies have pointed to the importance of consumer innovativeness (CI) and green perceptions in the adoption of gr…
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Type of iconicity matters in the vocabulary development of signing children. Open
Recent research on signed as well as spoken language shows that the iconic features of the target language might play a role in language development. Here, we ask further whether different types of iconic depictions modulate children's pre…
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Slowing Down Fast Mapping: Redefining the Dynamics of Word Learning Open
In this article, we review literature on word learning and propose a theoretical account of how lexical knowledge and word use emerge and develop over time. We contend that the developing lexical system is built on processes that support c…
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The Pursuit of Word Meanings Open
We evaluate here the performance of four models of cross‐situational word learning: two global models, which extract and retain multiple referential alternatives from each word occurrence; and two local models, which extract just a single …
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Non-situational functions of demonstrative noun phrases in Lingala (Bantu) Open
This paper examines the non-situational (i.e., non-exophoric) pragmatic functions of the three adnominal demonstratives, óyo , wâná , and yangó in the Bantu language Lingala. An examination of natural language corpora reveals that, althoug…
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Stored object knowledge and the production of referring expressions: the case of color typicality Open
When speakers describe objects with atypical properties, do they include these properties in their referring expressions, even when that is not strictly required for unique referent identification? Based on previous work, we predict that s…
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The role of developmental change and linguistic experience in the mutual exclusivity effect Open
Given a novel word and a familiar and a novel referent, children have a bias to assume the novel word refers to the novel referent. This bias - often referred to as "Mutual Exclusivity" (ME) - is thought to be a potentially powerful route …
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Two- and Three-Year-Olds Track a Single Meaning During Word Learning: Evidence for Propose-but-Verify Open
A child word-learning experiment is reported that examines 2- and 3-year-olds' ability to learn the meanings of novel words across multiple, referentially ambiguous, word occurrences. Children were told they were going on an animal safari …
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Ref-NMS: Breaking Proposal Bottlenecks in Two-Stage Referring Expression Grounding Open
The prevailing framework for solving referring expression grounding is based on a two-stage process: 1) detecting proposals with an object detector and 2) grounding the referent to one of the proposals. Existing two-stage solutions mostly …
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Using social norms to encourage healthier eating Open
What and how much people choose to eat is influenced by social context. People tend to use the eating habits of others as a guide to appropriate consumption. This suggests that one way of encouraging healthier eating would be to provide in…
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Active sensing without efference copy: referent control of perception Open
Although action and perception are different behaviors, they are likely to be interrelated, as implied by the notions of perception-action coupling and active sensing. Traditionally, it has been assumed that the nervous system directly pre…