Working fluid
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Application of Nanofluids in Thermal Performance Enhancement of Parabolic Trough Solar Collector: State-of-the-Art Open
The present review paper aims to document the latest developments on the applications of nanofluids as working fluid in parabolic trough collectors (PTCs). The influence of many factors such as nanoparticles and base fluid type as well as …
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Bioinspired heat exchangers based on triply periodic minimal surfaces for supercritical CO2 cycles Open
The supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) based Brayton cycle is a proposed alternative to replace conventional Rankine cycles in terms of high cycle efficiency, compact turbomachinery and heat exchangers. In the sCO2 cycle, however, the exi…
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Absorption cooling systems – Review of various techniques for energy performance enhancement Open
Absorption refrigeration technology was introduced to address some serious issues such as the energy crisis, increased fuel prices, and environmental problems associated with the conventional compression refrigeration systems. It has attra…
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Metal 3D-printed wick structures for heat pipe application: Capillary performance analysis Open
This paper examines the so-called capillary performance of a freeform porous structure fabricated by advanced 3D metal printing technology. The fabricated structure is intended as wick for two-phase heat transfer devices, in which it contr…
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Experimental investigation of modern ORC working fluids R1224yd(Z) and R1233zd(E) as replacements for R245fa Open
The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising technology to convert low temperature heat to electrical power. It utilizes organic substances, which are often refrigerants, as working fluids. With the groups of hydrofluoroolefines (HFO) an…
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Progress in Finite Time Thermodynamic Studies for Internal Combustion Engine Cycles Open
On the basis of introducing the origin and development of finite time thermodynamics (FTT), this paper reviews the progress in FTT optimization for internal combustion engine (ICE) cycles from the following four aspects: the studies on the…
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A review on heat transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of nano/microencapsulated phase change slurry (N/MPCS) in mini/microchannel heat sinks Open
The work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK through research grants (EP/L001233/1 and RRR1025R33470) and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (2016131).
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Optimal design and operation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system driven by solar energy with sensible thermal energy storage Open
In this study, the optimal design and operation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system driven by solar energy is investigated. A two-tank sensible thermal energy storage system is configured to overcome the intermittency of solar energy.…
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Solar energy-assisted CCHP cycles for dairy applications in rural sector with effect assessment of reheating on novel CO <sub>2</sub> working fluid Open
This study investigates two configurations of novel solar energy-assisted combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems suitable for the dairy industry. The system uses carbon dioxide (CO2) as the working fluid. The cooling and heatin…
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Carbon-Based Nanofluids and Their Advances towards Heat Transfer Applications—A Review Open
Nanofluids have opened the doors towards the enhancement of many of today’s existing thermal applications performance. This is because these advanced working fluids exhibit exceptional thermophysical properties, and thus making them excell…
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A critical review on gas turbine cooling performance and failure analysis of turbine blades Open
This paper is an overview of one of the most important turbo-machineries, the gas turbine emphasizing the thermal performance and the failure analysis. It can be a pathway for further improvement of the performance and efficiency of the ga…
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Energy and exergy analyses of a novel power cycle using the cold of LNG (liquefied natural gas) and low-temperature solar energy Open
A new cogeneration system which uses CO2 (carbon dioxide) as a working fluid is proposed and analyzed. The system has high efficiency and no CO2 and other emissions. Thermal energy from a low temperature solar energy collector and the cold…
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Thermodynamics and economics of liquid desiccants for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning – An overview Open
In an effort to minimise electricity consumption and greenhouse gases emissions, the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning sector has focused its attention on developing alternative solutions to electrically-driven vapour-compression c…
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A dynamic organic Rankine cycle using a zeotropic mixture as the working fluid with composition tuning to match changing ambient conditions Open
Air-cooled condensers are widely used for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plants where cooling water is unavailable or too costly, but they are then vulnerable to changing ambient air temperatures especially in continental climates, wher…
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Performance enhancement and multi-objective optimization of a double-flash binary geothermal power plant Open
Initiating cost-effective and technological frameworks to exploit geothermal energy is a fundamental incentive for scientists and engineers; in this regard, flash-binary geothermal power plants are plausible for high-temperature geothermal…
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Heat transfer behaviors of some supercritical fluids: A review Open
Supercritical fluids (e.g., hydrocarbon fuels, water, carbon dioxide, and organic working medium, etc) have been recognized as working media to improve thermal efficiencies in power cycles and energy conversion, and have been used or selec…
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Efficiency Improvement of a Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) System Using Nanofluids Open
Many studies and considerable international efforts have gone into reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study was carried out to improve the efficiency of flat-plate photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems, which use solar energy to produce …
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Experimental investigations into power generation with low grade waste heat and R245fa Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) Open
In this study, experimental research was conducted to investigate the performance of a small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system utilising low grade heat sources to generate electric power at different operating conditions. The experi…
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High cooling performance in a double-loop electrocaloric heat pump Open
Cooling through solid-state electrocaloric materials is an attractive replacement for vapor compression. Despite recent efforts, devices that are potentially commercially competitive have not been developed. We present an electrocaloric co…
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Comparative study of waste heat steam SRC, ORC and S-ORC power generation systems in medium-low temperature Open
For Steam Rankine Cycle (SRC), Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and Steam-Organic Rankine Cycle (S-ORC) power systems, in this paper, mathematical models are developed to explore the feasibility that combines the fluid-low temperature (150–350 …
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An extensive review of various technologies for enhancing the thermal and optical performances of parabolic trough collectors Open
A wide range of engineering industrial applications require both the thermal and optical efficiencies of the system to be maximized with a reasonable low penalty for the friction factor and subsequently low losses in pressure. Among the fa…
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Performance of working-fluid mixtures in ORC-CHP systems for different heat-demand segments and heat-recovery temperature levels Open
In this paper, we investigate the adoption of working-fluid mixtures in ORC systems operating in combined heat and power (CHP) mode, with a power output provided by the expanding working fluid in the ORC turbine and a thermal energy output…
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Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Nanofluids for Application in Geothermal Energy Open
Nanofluids are liquid suspensions where nano-materials are dispersed into a base fluid. The nano-scale additives generate superior thermophysical properties for the nanofluids than the base fluids. In particular, nanofluids have shown sign…
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Thermo-Economic and Heat Transfer Optimization of Working-Fluid Mixtures in a Low-Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle System Open
In the present paper, we consider the employment of working-fluid mixtures in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems with respect to thermodynamic and heat-transfer performance, component sizing and capital costs. The selected working-fluid m…
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Design and off-design performance comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycles for particle-based high temperature concentrating solar power plants Open
Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants using dense particle suspension as heat transfer fluid and particles as the storage medium are considered as a promising solution to provide the high temperature required for the supercritical carbon d…
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A Critical Overview of Working Fluids in Organic Rankine, Supercritical Rankine, and Supercritical Brayton Cycles Under Various Heat Grade Sources Open
The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), Supercritical Rankine Cycle (SRC), and Supercritical Brayton Cycle (SBC) are three power cycles that are systematically investigated in the present paper, with particular emphasis on the different types of …
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Working Fluid Selection and Performance Evaluation of ORC Open
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is known as one of the best method amongst the other low-grade energy recovery methods. ORC can be applied for different applications such as geothermal, solar thermal and waste heat. However, the application of…
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Case study on solar water heating for flat plate collector Open
This paper describes performance solar water heating for flat plate collector. The system of thermal performance designed for dimensions 125 × 110 cm and width 25 cm, in such a way that fluid can flow from inlet to outlet through pipe with…
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A review on expanders and their performance in vapour compression refrigeration systems Open
This paper reviews progress reported in the open literature of the use of expanders to recover expansion power to improve the energy efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration systems. Pioneering works in the field are first discussed,…
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Effects of pin fins and vortex generators on thermal performance in a microchannel with Al2O3 nanofluids Open
This paper performs a comparative analysis to obtain the optimal cross-section shape and parameters of both pin fins and vortex generators. A novel combined structure with pin fins and vortex generators is proposed to enhance thermal perfo…