Alpine skiing ≈ Alpine skiingAlpine skiing
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Sports injuries and illnesses in the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games Open
Background Systematic surveillance of injuries and illnesses is the foundation for developing preventive measures in sport. Aim To analyse the injuries and illnesses that occurred during the XXII Olympic Winter Games, held in Sochi in 2014…
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Effects of climate change on high Alpine mountain environments: Evolution of mountaineering routes in the Mont Blanc massif (Western Alps) over half a century Open
In high alpine environments, glacial shrinkage and permafrost warming due to climate change have significant consequences on mountaineering routes. Few research projects have studied the relationship between climate change and mountaineeri…
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Injury rate and injury patterns in FIS World Cup Alpine skiing (2006–2015): have the new ski regulations made an impact? Open
Background New regulations for ski equipment were implemented prior to the 2012/2013 season in the International Ski Federation (FIS) Alpine World Cup (WC). Objective To investigate the effect of the new ski regulations on the rate and pat…
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High incidence of injury at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games: a prospective cohort study of 6564 athlete days Open
Objective To describe the epidemiology of injuries at the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games. Methods A total of 547 athletes from 45 countries were monitored daily for 12 days during the Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games (6564 athlete da…
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The Training of Olympic Alpine Ski Racers Open
Alpine combined was the only alpine ski racing event at the first Winter Olympic Games in 1936, but since then, slalom, giant slalom, super-G, downhill, and team events have also become Olympic events. Substantial improvements in slope pre…
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Alpine Skiing Injuries Open
Context: Alpine skiing is a popular sport worldwide but has significant risk for injury. The epidemiology of skiing-related injuries has been described, which has led to the identification of risk factors for specific types of injuries. Ev…
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Potential Mechanisms Leading to Overuse Injuries of the Back in Alpine Ski Racing Open
Background: Overuse injuries of the back are a common complaint among top athletes and of competitive alpine skiers in particular. However, there is limited understanding about the sport-specific causes of these injuries that is essential …
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Characterization of Course and Terrain and Their Effect on Skier Speed in World Cup Alpine Ski Racing Open
World Cup (WC) alpine ski racing consists of four main competition disciplines (slalom, giant slalom, super-G and downhill), each with specific course and terrain characteristics. The International Ski Federation (FIS) has regulated course…
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Reducing the risks for traumatic and overuse injury among competitive alpine skiers Open
To achieve success, skiers attempt to optimise various biomechanical parameters (eg, trajectory, velocity, interaction between the skis and snow, energy) that influence performance,1 but this increases risk of injury.2 It is therefore not …
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Sidecut radius and the mechanics of turning—equipment designed to reduce risk of severe traumatic knee injuries in alpine giant slalom ski racing Open
Background There is limited empirical knowledge about the effect of ski geometry, particularly in the context of injury prevention in alpine ski racing. We investigated the effect of sidecut radius on biomechanical variables related to the…
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Alpine Ski Racing Injuries Open
Context: This article reviews the epidemiology of alpine ski racing–related injuries, risk factors, mechanisms of injury, and injury prevention strategies. Evidence Acquisition: Pertinent literature from peer-reviewed publications from 197…
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Monitoring the Return to Sport Transition After ACL Injury: An Alpine Ski Racing Case Study Open
Alpine ski racing is an extreme sport and ski racers are at high risk for ACL injury. ACL injury impairs neuromuscular function and psychological readiness putting alpine skiers with ACL injury at high risk for ACL reinjury. Consequently, …
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Maturity status influences the relative age effect in national top level youth alpine ski racing and soccer Open
Since the relative age effect (RAE) characterizes a problem in all age categories of alpine ski racing and soccer and the fact that, yet, to date the underlying factors have not been well investigated, the aim of the present study was to a…
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Effect of ski geometry on aggressive ski behaviour and visual aesthetics: equipment designed to reduce risk of severe traumatic knee injuries in alpine giant slalom ski racing Open
Background/Aim Aggressive ski-snow interaction is characterised by direct force transmission and difficulty of getting the ski off its edge once the ski is carving. This behaviour has been suggested to be a main contributor to severe knee …
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Effect of ski geometry and standing height on kinetic energy: equipment designed to reduce risk of severe traumatic injuries in alpine downhill ski racing Open
Background Injuries in downhill (DH) are often related to high speed and, therefore, to high energy and forces which are involved in injury situations. Yet to date, no study has investigated the effect of ski geometry and standing height o…
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In recreational alpine skiing, the ACL is predominantly injured in all knee injuries needing hospitalisation Open
Purpose The knee joint still represents the most frequent anatomical injury location accounting for about one‐third of all injuries in recreational alpine skiers. However, comprehensive information on current knee injury patterns in this p…
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The relative age effect and the influence on performance in youth alpine ski racing. Open
The relative age effect (RAE), which refers to an over representation of athletes born early in a selection year, recently was proven to be present in alpine skiing. However, it was not made apparent whether the RAE exists as early as at t…
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Alpine Ski Motion Characteristics in Slalom Open
Important insight into ski function, and ultimately skier technique and tactics, can be gained by studying how measured ski trajectories compare to predictions based on theoretical models of ski-snow interaction mechanics. The aim of this …
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Metaverse cannot be an extra marketing immersive tool to increase sales in tourism cities Open
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the metaverse platform in a social context to better understand the future of this tool in tourism cities and how this can help to improve the well-being of residents in both digital and phys…
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Helmet use and risk of head injuries in alpine skiers and snowboarders: changes after an interval of one decade Open
Background In a previous study, we concluded that a safety helmet can reduce the risk for head injury by 60%. Other studies reported similar effects, resulting in a general recommendation to wear a helmet while skiing or snowboarding. Aim …
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Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers Open
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most serious injuries among Swedish alpine ski high school students. An ACL injury forces the skier to stop skiing for several months, and some skiers even have to give up their skiing …
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Propulsive Power in Cross-Country Skiing: Application and Limitations of a Novel Wearable Sensor-Based Method During Roller Skiing Open
Cross-country skiing is an endurance sport that requires extremely high maximal aerobic power. Due to downhill sections where the athletes can recover, skiers must also have the ability to perform repeated efforts where metabolic power sub…
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Differences in Sensation Seeking Between Alpine Skiers, Snowboarders and Ski Tourers. Open
Despite different injury rates and injury patterns previous personality related research in the field of downhill winter sports did not subdivide between different alpine slope users. In this study, we tried to find out whether the persona…
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Sidecut radius and kinetic energy: equipment designed to reduce risk of severe traumatic knee injuries in alpine giant slalom ski racing Open
Background Kinetic energy (E kin ) increases with speed by the power of 2 and is considered a major risk factor for injuries in alpine ski racing. There is no empirical knowledge about the effect of ski geometry on E kin . Consequently, th…
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The role of path length‐ and speed‐related factors for the enhancement of section performance in alpine giant slalom Open
Knowing how to enhance alpine skiing performance is essential for effective coaching. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of path length‐ and speed‐related factors for performance enhancement, while skiing on a homogeneously …
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Rock Climbing Emergencies in the Austrian Alps: Injury Patterns, Risk Analysis and Preventive Measures Open
To elucidate patterns of and risk factors for acute traumatic injuries in climbers in need of professional rescue, a retrospective evaluation was performed of the Austrian National Registry of Mountain Accidents regarding rock climbing inc…
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On-Field Ski Kinematic According to Leg and Discipline in Elite Alpine Skiers Open
This study used wireless technology to investigate joint kinematic characteristics of the four alpine skiing disciplines. Knee and hip angles were measured in 20 national team alpine skiers during 253 ski runs under FIS regulation, includi…
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Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers Open
Background: There is a high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in alpine skiers. To reduce or try to prevent these injuries, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors need to be identified. Purpose: To identify possible intrinsi…
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Whole-Body Vibrations Associated With Alpine Skiing: A Risk Factor for Low Back Pain? Open
Alpine skiing, both recreational and competitive, is associated with high rates of injury. Numerous studies have shown that occupational exposure to whole-body vibrations is strongly related to lower back pain and some suggest that, in par…
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Spinal injury in alpine winter sports: a review Open
Despite awareness of increasing rates and risks of spinal injuries in alpine winter sports, there has been little success in injury prevention.