Monochromatic color
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Resolving ruthenium: XPS studies of common ruthenium materials Open
X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) utilising monochromatic Al K α radiation has been employed to study metallic ruthenium and the catalytically and technologically important ruthenium compounds RuO 2 , RuCl 3 , Ru(NO)(NO 3 ) 3 and Ru(A…
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Achromatic Metasurface Lens at Telecommunication Wavelengths Open
Nanoscale optical resonators enable a new class of flat optical components called metasurfaces. This approach has been used to demonstrate functionalities such as focusing free of monochromatic aberrations (i.e., spherical and coma), anoma…
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Primordial black hole constraints for extended mass functions Open
We revisit the cosmological and astrophysical constraints on the fraction of\nthe dark matter in primordial black holes (PBHs) with an extended mass\nfunction. We consider a variety of mass functions, all of which are described\nby three p…
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I12: the Joint Engineering, Environment and Processing (JEEP) beamline at Diamond Light Source Open
I12 is the Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing (JEEP) beamline, constructed during Phase II of the Diamond Light Source. I12 is located on a short (5 m) straight section of the Diamond storage ring and uses a 4.2 T superconduct…
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ID16B: a hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline at the ESRF for nano-analysis Open
Within the framework of the ESRF Phase I Upgrade Programme, a new state-of-the-art synchrotron beamline ID16B has been recently developed for hard X-ray nano-analysis. The construction of ID16B was driven by research areas with major scien…
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Steady-state mechanical squeezing in an optomechanical system via Duffing nonlinearity Open
Quantum squeezing in mechanical systems is not only a key signature of macroscopic quantum effects, but can also be utilized to advance the metrology of weak forces. Here we show that strong mechanical squeezing in the steady state can be …
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A NEW GENERATION OF LOS ALAMOS OPACITY TABLES Open
We present a new, publicly available set of Los Alamos OPLIB opacity tables for the elements hydrogen through zinc. Our tables are computed using the Los Alamos ATOMIC opacity and plasma modeling code, and make use of atomic structure calc…
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Imaging based on metalenses Open
Metalens, a prominent application of two-dimensional metasurfaces, has demonstrated powerful abilities even beyond traditional optical lenses. By manipulating the phase distribution of metalens composed of appropriately arranged nanoscale …
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Correction: Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes? Open
Correction for 'Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes?' by Vladimir Heiskanen and Michael R. Hamblin, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2018, 17, 1003-1017.
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Effects of growth under different light spectra on the subsequent high light tolerance in rose plants Open
Photosynthesis is defined as a light-dependent process; however, it is negatively influenced by high light (HL) intensities. To investigate whether the memory of growth under monochromatic or combinational lights can influence plant respon…
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Constraints on primordial black holes from the Galactic gamma-ray background Open
The fraction of the Universe going into primordial black holes (PBHs) with initial mass M_* \approx 5 \times 10^{14} g, such that they are evaporating at the present epoch, is strongly constrained by observations of both the extragalactic …
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Gold Nanoparticles as Absolute Nanothermometers Open
Nanothermometry is a challenging field that can open the door to intriguing questions ranging from biology and medicine to material sciences. Gold nanorods are excellent candidates to act as nanoprobes because they are reasonably bright em…
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Portable waveguide display system with a large field of view by integrating freeform elements and volume holograms Open
A compact waveguide display system integrating freeform elements and volume holograms is presented here for the first time. The use of freeform elements can broaden the field of view, which limits the applications of a holographic waveguid…
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Inverse prism based on temporal discontinuity and spatial dispersion Open
We introduce the concept of the inverse prism as the dual of the conventional prism and deduce from this duality an implementation of it based on temporal discontinuity and spatial dispersion provided by anisotropy. Moreover, we show that …
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The small-angle neutron scattering instrument D33 at the Institut Laue–Langevin Open
The D33 small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) instrument at the Institut Laue–Langevin (ILL) is the most recent SANS instrument to be built at the ILL. In a project beginning in 2005 and lasting seven years, the concept has been developed,…
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Diffraction-free pulsed optical beams via space-time correlations Open
Diffraction places a fundamental limitation on the distance an optical beam propagates before its size increases and spatial details blur. We show here that imposing a judicious correlation between spatial and spectral degrees of freedom o…
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Optical Cooling of Magnons Open
Inelastic scattering of light by spin waves generates an energy flow between the light and magnetization fields, a process that can be enhanced and controlled by concentrating the light in magneto-optical resonators. Here, we model the coo…
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Performance Characteristics of “Spotter,” a Newly Developed Real-Time Wave Measurement Buoy Open
The Spotter is a low-cost, real-time, solar-powered wave measurement buoy that was recently developed by Spoondrift Technologies, Inc. (Spoondrift). To evaluate the data quality of the Spotter device, we performed a series of validation ex…
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Rethinking the Concepts of Fluence (<span>UV</span> Dose) and Fluence Rate: The Importance of Photon‐based Units – A Systemic Review Open
After a critical review of the fundamental equations describing photobiological and photochemical processes occurring in a medium exposed to a quasi ‐collimated monochromatic UV light beam, the analysis in this review is extended to analog…
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Vectorial Holograms with a Dielectric Metasurface: Ultimate Polarization Pattern Generation Open
Controlling the polarization of light has been of interest for various applications in laser materials processing, display systems, and spectroscopy among others. Despite great advancements, the level of control over the polarization of li…
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A beamline for bulk sample x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the high brilliance storage ring PETRA III Open
P65 is a new X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) spectroscopy beamline at the high brilliance storage ring PETRA III in Hamburg, Germany. It is providing a mm sized beam and a monochromatic photon flux of up to 1012 s−1 at 9 keV. The be…
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Gigantic vortical differential scattering as a monochromatic probe for multiscale chiral structures Open
Significance Optical chirality by light–matter interaction is a powerful strategy for discriminating the chirality of materials in modern physics. Here we present a vortex-dependent approach to yield a direct chiroptical response with mono…
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X-ray phase-contrast tomography with a compact laser-driven synchrotron source Open
Significance Absorption-based X-ray tomography suffers from low contrast for soft tissue. Over the last few years, it has been shown that grating-based phase-contrast X-ray tomography can overcome this limitation. Here we present, to our k…
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Dual-Energy CT Images: Pearls and Pitfalls Open
Dual-energy CT (DECT) is a tremendous innovation in CT technology that allows creation of numerous imaging datasets by enabling discrete acquisitions at more than one energy level. The wide range of images generated from a single DECT acqu…
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Optimal Virtual Monochromatic Images for Evaluation of Normal Tissues and Head and Neck Cancer Using Dual-Energy CT Open
The optimal image signal-to-noise ratio is at 65 keV, but tumor conspicuity compared with that of muscle is greatest at 40 keV. Optimal evaluation of the neck may be best achieved by a multiparametric approach, with 65-keV virtual monochro…
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Surface coloring by laser irradiation of solid substrates Open
Laser marking has become a versatile method for industrial product identification because of its applicability to almost all kinds of solid materials in a simple and single-step process. However, traditional laser marking generally produce…
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Near future MeV telescopes can discover asteroid-mass primordial black hole dark matter Open
Primordial black holes (PBHs), formed out of large overdensities in the early Universe, are a viable dark matter (DM) candidate over a broad range of masses. Ultralight, asteroid-mass PBHs with masses around are particularly interesting as…
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Constraining primordial black hole masses with the isotropic gamma ray background Open
Primordial black holes (PBHs) can represent all or most of the dark matter in the window 1017–1022 g. Here we present an extension of the constraints on PBHs of masses 1013–1018 g arising from the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background. Pr…
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The thermoelectric properties of inhomogeneous holographic lattices Open
We consider inhomogeneous, periodic, holographic lattices of D = 4 Einstein-Maxwell theory. We show that the DC thermoelectric conductivity matrix can be expressed analytically in terms of the horizon data of the corresponding black hole s…
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Phase characterisation of metalenses Open
Metalenses have emerged as a new optical element or system in recent years, showing superior performance and abundant applications. However, the phase distribution of a metalens has not been measured directly up to now, hindering further q…