Echo sounding
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BedMachine v3: Complete Bed Topography and Ocean Bathymetry Mapping of Greenland From Multibeam Echo Sounding Combined With Mass Conservation Open
Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics, and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic water (AW) that rapidly melts and under…
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A ground-based radar for measuring vertical strain rates and time-varying basal melt rates in ice sheets and shelves Open
The ApRES (autonomous phase-sensitive radio-echo sounder) instrument is a robust, lightweight and relatively inexpensive radar that has been designed to allow long-term, unattended monitoring of ice-shelf and ice-sheet thinning. We describ…
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Comparison of remote sensing based approaches for mapping bathymetry of shallow, clear water rivers Open
Shallow rivers provide important habitat for various aquatic and terrestrial species. The bathymetry of such environments is, however, difficult to measure as devices and approaches have been traditionally developedmainly for deeper waters…
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Inverse distance weighting method optimization in the process of digital terrain model creation based on data collected from a multibeam echosounder Open
This paper presents the optimization of the inverse distance weighting method (IDW) in the process of creating a digital terrain model (DTM) of the seabed based on bathymetric data collected using a multibeam echosounder (MBES). There are …
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The distribution of basal water between Antarctic subglacial lakes from radar sounding Open
Antarctica's subglacial lakes have two end member geophysical expressions: as hydraulically flat, radar reflective regions highlighted in ice surface topography and radar sounding profiles (‘definite lakes’), and as localized sites of elev…
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Bathymetry Mapping Using Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery Open
Bathymetry is the science of determining the topography of the seafloor. Bathymetry data is used to generate navigational charts, seafloor profile, biological oceanography, beach erosion, sea level rise, etc. A number of methods are availa…
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Multispectral Multibeam Echo Sounder Backscatter as a Tool for Improved Seafloor Characterization Open
The establishment of multibeam echosounders (MBES), as a mainstream tool in ocean mapping, has facilitated integrative approaches towards nautical charting, benthic habitat mapping, and seafloor geotechnical surveys. The combined acoustic …
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Integrating Sensors into a Marine Drone for Bathymetric 3D Surveys in Shallow Waters Open
This paper demonstrates that accurate data concerning bathymetry as well as environmental conditions in shallow waters can be acquired using sensors that are integrated into the same marine vehicle. An open prototype of an unmanned surface…
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A new methodology for quantifying bubble flow rates in deep water using splitbeam echosounders: Examples from the <span>A</span>rctic offshore NW‐<span>S</span>valbard Open
Quantifying marine methane fluxes of free gas (bubbles) from the seafloor into the water column is of importance for climate related studies, for example, in the Arctic, reliable methodologies are also of interest for studying man‐made gas…
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Processing of multibeam water column image data for automated bubble/seep detection and repeated mapping Open
Water Column Imaging Multibeam Echosounder Systems (MBES) are effective and sensitive tools for investigating free gas (bubble) release and its rise through the water column. The main advantages of MBES are the detection range and lateral …
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Understanding Mn-nodule distribution and evaluation of related deep-sea mining impacts using AUV-based hydroacoustic and optical data Open
In this study, ship- and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)-based multibeam data from the German ferromanganese-nodule (Mn-nodule) license area in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone (CCZ; eastern Pacific) are linked to ground-truth data from opt…
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Measuring and assessing the physical impact of beam trawling Open
Beam trawling causes physical disruption of the seabed through contact of the gear components with the sediment and the resuspension of sediment into the water column in the turbulent wake of the gear. To be able to measure and quantify th…
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Water column imaging with multibeam echo-sounding in the mid-Okinawa Trough: Implications for distribution of deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites and the cause of acoustic water column anomaly Open
Polymetallic sulfides deposited in seafloor hydrothermal vents have recently attracted attention as potential deep-sea mineral resources for base, rare, and precious metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb, In, Ga, Ge, Au, and Ag. For future exploitatio…
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Nearshore Benthic Habitat Mapping Based on Multi-Frequency, Multibeam Echosounder Data Using a Combined Object-Based Approach: A Case Study from the Rowy Site in the Southern Baltic Sea Open
Recently, the rapid development of the seabed mapping industry has allowed researchers to collect hydroacoustic data in shallow, nearshore environments. Progress in marine habitat mapping has also helped to distinguish the seafloor areas o…
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Storm‐induced turbidity currents on a sediment‐starved shelf: Insight from direct monitoring and repeat seabed mapping of upslope migrating bedforms Open
The monitoring of turbidity currents enables accurate internal structure and timing of these flows to be understood. Without monitoring, triggers of turbidity currents often remain hypothetical and are inferred from sedimentary structures …
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UAV-Derived Multispectral Bathymetry Open
Bathymetry is considered an important component in marine applications as several coastal erosion monitoring and engineering projects are carried out in this field. It is traditionally acquired via shipboard echo sounding, but nowadays, mu…
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A Self-Contained Subsea Platform for Acoustic Monitoring of the Environment Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices–Field Deployments at Wave and Tidal Energy Sites in Orkney, Scotland Open
The drive towards sustainable energy has seen rapid development of marine renewable energy devices (MREDs). The NERC/Defra collaboration FLOw, Water column and Benthic ECology 4-D (FLOWBEC-4D) is investigating the environmental and ecologi…
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Seafloor change detection using multibeam echosounder backscatter: case study on the Belgian part of the North Sea Open
To characterize seafloor substrate type, seabed mapping and particularly multibeam echosounding are increasingly used. Yet, the utilisation of repetitive MBES-borne backscatter surveys to monitor the environmental status of the seafloor re…
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Characterizing a Foraging Hotspot for Short-Finned Pilot Whales and Blainville’s Beaked Whales Located off the West Side of Hawai‘i Island by Using Tagging and Oceanographic Data Open
Satellite tagging data for short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) were used to identify core insular foraging regions off the Kona (west) Coast of Hawai'i Island. Shi…
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Antarctic ice shelf thickness from CryoSat‐2 radar altimetry Open
Ice shelf thickness for the whole of Antarctica is derived from 4 years (2011–2014) of CryoSat‐2 (CS2) radar altimetry measurements using the assumption that the shelves are in hydrostatic equilibrium. The satellite orbit and novel synthet…
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Multiscale and Hierarchical Classification for Benthic Habitat Mapping Open
Developing quantitative and objective approaches to integrate multibeam echosounder (MBES) data with ground observations for predictive modelling is essential for ensuring repeatability and providing confidence measures for benthic habitat…
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Exploiting signal processing approaches for broadband echosounders Open
Broadband echosounders, which transmit frequency-modulated pulses, increase the spectral characterization of targets relative to narrowband echosounders, which typically transmit single-frequency pulses, and also increase the range resolut…
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Assessing marine gas emission activity and contribution to the atmospheric methane inventory: A multidisciplinary approach from the <span>D</span>utch <span>D</span>ogger <span>B</span>ank seep area (<span>N</span>orth <span>S</span>ea) Open
We present a comprehensive study showing new results from a shallow gas seep area in ∼40 m water depth located in the North Sea, Netherlands sector B13 that we call “Dutch Dogger Bank seep area.” It has been postulated that methane presuma…
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Port Bathymetry Mapping Using Support Vector Machine Technique and Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery Open
Knowledge of the free draft of ports is essential for the adequate management of ports. To maintain these drafts, it is necessary to carry out dredging periodically, and to conduct bathymetries using traditional techniques, such as echo so…
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Obtaining High-Resolution Seabed Topography and Surface Details by Co-Registration of Side-Scan Sonar and Multibeam Echo Sounder Images Open
Side-scan sonar (SSS) is used for obtaining high-resolution seabed images, but with low position accuracy without using the Ultra Short Base Line (USBL) or Short Base Line (SBL). Multibeam echo sounder (MBES), which can simultaneously obta…
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Evaluation of a New Lightweight UAV-Borne Topo-Bathymetric LiDAR for Shallow Water Bathymetry and Object Detection Open
Airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) has proven to be an effective technology for shallow water mapping. To collect data with a high point density, a lightweight dual-wavelength LiDAR system mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) was develo…
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Merging Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Imagery and Echo Soundings with an Adaptive Sampling Technique for Bathymetric Surveys Open
Bathymetric surveying to gather information about depths and underwater terrain is increasingly important to the sciences of hydrology and geomorphology. Submerged terrain change detection, water level, and reservoir storage monitoring dem…
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Mapping the Seabed and Shallow Subsurface with Multi-Frequency Multibeam Echosounders Open
Multi-frequency multibeam backscatter (BS) has indicated, in particular for fine sediments, the potential for increasing the discrimination between different seabed environments. Fine sediments are expected to have a varying signal penetra…
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Sonar gas flux estimation by bubble insonification: application to methane bubble flux from seep areas in the outer Laptev Sea Open
Sonar surveys provide an effective mechanism for mapping seabed methane flux emissions, with Arctic submerged permafrost seepage having great potential to significantly affect climate. We created in situ engineered bubble plumes from 40 m …
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Multisensor Acoustic Tracking of Fish and Seabird Behavior Around Tidal Turbine Structures in Scotland Open
Despite rapid development of marine renewable energy, relatively little is known of the immediate and future impacts on the surrounding ecosystems. Quantifying the behavior and distribution of animals around marine renewable energy devices…