Facultative
View article: Diversity of obligate ectoparasites and parasitism patterns in wild birds of the Balearic Islands: new chewing lice records for Spain
Diversity of obligate ectoparasites and parasitism patterns in wild birds of the Balearic Islands: new chewing lice records for Spain Open
View article: Model of Three Species Commensalism-Amensalism Symbiosis with Beddington-DeAngelis Functional Responses
Model of Three Species Commensalism-Amensalism Symbiosis with Beddington-DeAngelis Functional Responses Open
This study investigates the dynamical behavior of a three species ecological system involving unilateral interactions of commensalism and amensalism with Beddington–DeAngelis functional responses. The positivity, boundedness, existence, an…
View article: Ardipithecus: Challenging Paradigms of Early Hominin Evolution
Ardipithecus: Challenging Paradigms of Early Hominin Evolution Open
The discovery and subsequent analysis of *Ardipithecus ramidus* and *Ardipithecus kadabba* from the Middle Awash of Ethiopia have profoundly reshaped our understanding of early hominin evolution. Prior to these findings, prevailing paradig…
View article: Ardipithecus: Challenging Paradigms of Early Hominin Evolution
Ardipithecus: Challenging Paradigms of Early Hominin Evolution Open
The discovery and subsequent analysis of *Ardipithecus ramidus* and *Ardipithecus kadabba* from the Middle Awash of Ethiopia have profoundly reshaped our understanding of early hominin evolution. Prior to these findings, prevailing paradig…
View article: Data and code for: Trade-offs across life history stages and social association types shape winter communal roosting in a long-lived raptor
Data and code for: Trade-offs across life history stages and social association types shape winter communal roosting in a long-lived raptor Open
Abstract Social interactions among conspecifics can have significant fitness implications, but how social behaviours develop in wild animals remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the intrinsic drivers of a social be…
View article: Data and code for: Trade-offs across life history stages and social association types shape winter communal roosting in a long-lived raptor
Data and code for: Trade-offs across life history stages and social association types shape winter communal roosting in a long-lived raptor Open
Social interactions among conspecifics can have significant fitness implications, but how social behaviours develop in wild animals remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the intrinsic drivers of a social behaviour, communal winter ro…
View article: New ichneumonid (Hymenoptera) parasitoids of the fig-tree skeletoniser moth, Choreutis nemorana (Hubner, 1799) (Lepidoptera, Choreutidae), an invasive pest to Central Europe
New ichneumonid (Hymenoptera) parasitoids of the fig-tree skeletoniser moth, Choreutis nemorana (Hubner, 1799) (Lepidoptera, Choreutidae), an invasive pest to Central Europe Open
The fig-tree skeletoniser moth, Choreutis nemorana (Hubner, 1799), in the course of spreading from the Mediterranean Region towards Central Europe, was first detected as a pest in Hungary in 2011. Established populations threaten fig culti…
View article: 458 UVB-induced facultative pigmentation is associated with distinct DNA methylation changes
458 UVB-induced facultative pigmentation is associated with distinct DNA methylation changes Open
View article: Alternative social and reproductive niches linked to intra-sexual color variation in a facultatively protogynous North American annual killifish, Millerichthys robustus
Alternative social and reproductive niches linked to intra-sexual color variation in a facultatively protogynous North American annual killifish, Millerichthys robustus Open
Intra-sexual variation in coloration is often linked to comprehensive differences in reproductive behavior and life histories. Both males and females can express intrapopulation variation in coloration, and facultative hermaphrodism adds f…
View article: Seasonal plasticity of symbiotic strategies clarifies coral holobiont resistance and resilience
Seasonal plasticity of symbiotic strategies clarifies coral holobiont resistance and resilience Open
As coral reefs face unprecedented declines driven by thermal stress and the breakdown of coral symbiosis (i.e., coral bleaching), restoration efforts increasingly rely on coral health and resilience rankings. However, seasonal plasticity i…
View article: Pelodera: cosmopolitan phoretic saprotrophs and neglected models for origins of nematode parasitism
Pelodera: cosmopolitan phoretic saprotrophs and neglected models for origins of nematode parasitism Open
Pelodera (A. Schneider, 1866) is a Clade V nematode genus of the Rhabditidae family and close relative of Caenorhabditis elegans . The genus comprises 26 species poised between free-living, commensal, and parasitic lifestyles, as well as s…
View article: Role of biofilm during groundwater biofiltration of manganese
Role of biofilm during groundwater biofiltration of manganese Open
Manganese (Mn) contamination in groundwater poses significant challenges for drinking water treatment. This study explores the mechanisms of Mn removal in a long-term oxygenated groundwater biofilter. The filter media coating primarily con…
View article: A synthesized framework for the evolutionary origins of avian obligate brood parasitism
A synthesized framework for the evolutionary origins of avian obligate brood parasitism Open
The repeated evolution of avian obligate brood parasitism (OBP) across diverse lineages represents a major evolutionary puzzle. While host-parasite coevolution has been extensively studied, the initial conditions favoring OBP emergence rem…
View article: Microbial Diversity of Arctic Soils with Long-Standing Pollution by Petroleum Products and Heavy Metals
Microbial Diversity of Arctic Soils with Long-Standing Pollution by Petroleum Products and Heavy Metals Open
Long-standing and chronic soil pollution in the Polar Regions is the most persistent. Simultaneous contamination with petroleum products and heavy metals puts additional load on the soil microbial community. The purpose of this work was to…
View article: Extrafloral nectaries on leaf margins and their ant visitors in bitter gourd, Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae): A case of facultative mutualism
Extrafloral nectaries on leaf margins and their ant visitors in bitter gourd, Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae): A case of facultative mutualism Open
View article: A formal theory of group-level adaptation for obligate eusociality
A formal theory of group-level adaptation for obligate eusociality Open
Darwin argued that natural selection leads organisms to appear as if they are striving to maximise their fitness. This idea is readily recognised at the individual cell or body level, but such adaptive design may also manifest at some high…
View article: Contribution to fauna of saproxylic rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in coniferous forests of the Carpathian National Nature Park
Contribution to fauna of saproxylic rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in coniferous forests of the Carpathian National Nature Park Open
Saproxylic beetles are insects that depend on dead and decaying wood for at least part of their lifecycle and play an important ecological roles in European ecosystems. Together with fungi, they contribute to the destruction of deadwood as…
View article: Demographic and Functional Consequences of Secondary Host Selection in a Facultative Autoparasitoid, Encarsia sophia (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)
Demographic and Functional Consequences of Secondary Host Selection in a Facultative Autoparasitoid, Encarsia sophia (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Open
To evaluate the impact of secondary host selection by the autoparasitoid E. sophia on the fitness and biological control potential of its offspring, we compared the demographic traits, parasitism capacity, and host-feeding rates of populat…
View article: Occurrence and temporal dynamics of denitrifying protist endosymbionts in the wastewater microbiome
Occurrence and temporal dynamics of denitrifying protist endosymbionts in the wastewater microbiome Open
Effective wastewater treatment is of critical importance for preserving public health and protecting natural environments. Key processes in wastewater treatment, such as denitrification, are performed by a diverse community of prokaryotic …
View article: Keystone protist suppression triggers mesopredator release and biotic homogenization in complex soil microbial communities
Keystone protist suppression triggers mesopredator release and biotic homogenization in complex soil microbial communities Open
The keystone species concept holds that certain members of an ecological community, despite their low abundance, exert disproportionately large effects on species diversity and composition. In microbial ecology, experimental validation of …
View article: From local to global influences of ecological and demographic factors on helping in a facultative cooperative breeder
From local to global influences of ecological and demographic factors on helping in a facultative cooperative breeder Open
The fitness consequences of cooperative breeding are increasingly well understood, but the ecological and demographic factors driving helping remain contentious. Comparative and single-species studies have identified factors that promote t…
View article: Bioplastic Production Potential of <i>Azospira suillum</i> PS: Growth-Associated PHB Production Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions
Bioplastic Production Potential of <i>Azospira suillum</i> PS: Growth-Associated PHB Production Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions Open
Plastics are indispensable in modern society, yet less than 10% of the 380 million tons produced annually are recycled. This accumulation of non-degradable waste has intensified the search for sustainable alternatives. Polyhydroxyalkanoate…
View article: <b>Site-specific differences in the bilberry (</b> <i> <b>Vaccinium myrtillus</b> </i> <b>) phyllosphere microbiome across temperate and arctic locations</b>
<b>Site-specific differences in the bilberry (</b> <i> <b>Vaccinium myrtillus</b> </i> <b>) phyllosphere microbiome across temperate and arctic locations</b> Open
The phyllosphere microbiome plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental conditions, yet little is known about its variation across climate extremes. We profiled leaf-associated (epiphytic + endophytic) microbial communities o…
View article: A multi-partner symbiotic community inhabits the emerging insect pest <i> Pentastiridius l <b>eporinus</b> </i>
A multi-partner symbiotic community inhabits the emerging insect pest <i> Pentastiridius l <b>eporinus</b> </i> Open
The planthopper Pentastiridius leporinus has emerged as a severe crop pest, rapidly expanding both its host plant range and the affected areas in central Europe. Originating as a monophagous herbivore of reed grass, P. leporinus recently a…
View article: Heather nectar extracts reduce within-colony epidemics of the bumblebee parasite Crithidia bombi
Heather nectar extracts reduce within-colony epidemics of the bumblebee parasite Crithidia bombi Open
Disease and habitat loss are significant causes of pollinator declines, and evidence indicates the two are linked. In Britain, lowland heath is an important bee habitat, but over 80% has been lost since the 1800s. This deprives wild bees o…
View article: Yes, we <scp>CAM</scp> ! First evidence of <scp>CAM</scp> photosynthesis in a carnivorous plant
Yes, we <span>CAM</span> ! First evidence of <span>CAM</span> photosynthesis in a carnivorous plant Open
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a photosynthetic adaptation enabling higher CO 2 concentration close to Rubisco and increased water use efficiency. It evolved in at least 38 plant families, none reported to be carnivorous. Here, we i…
View article: Dynamic but constrained: repeated acquisitions of nutritional symbionts in bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) from a narrow taxonomic pool
Dynamic but constrained: repeated acquisitions of nutritional symbionts in bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) from a narrow taxonomic pool Open
Bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) harbor obligate bacterial symbionts that supplement their blood diet with missing nutrients, especially B vitamins. The primary symbiont, transovarially transmitted Wolbachia , is notable for a horizontall…
View article: Oxygen-adaptive plasticity of Asgard archaea dependent on terminal oxidase and globin
Oxygen-adaptive plasticity of Asgard archaea dependent on terminal oxidase and globin Open
The oxygenation of ancient Earth is thought to have driven eukaryogenesis, beginning with the endosymbiosis of an aerobic alphaproteobacterium (proto-mitochondria) with an archaeal host. Given that the archaeal host likely evolved from wit…
View article: Gut Microbiota Maturation and Neurological Injury in Extremely Preterm Infants
Gut Microbiota Maturation and Neurological Injury in Extremely Preterm Infants Open
Objective: To examine the association between gut microbiota maturation and neurological injury in extremely preterm infants. Study Design: We prospectively studied 75 extremely preterm infants (28–Results: At day 3, preterm infants had re…
View article: Ultraviolet B radiation improves salt-induced responses in the facultative halophyte <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>
Ultraviolet B radiation improves salt-induced responses in the facultative halophyte <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Open
In natural environments, plants are continuously exposed to multiple abiotic stresses, such as high salinity and excess ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation. While responses to individual stresses are well understood, less is known about their com…