Bimolecular fluorescence complementation
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Arabidopsis CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE8 and CATALASE3 Function in Abscisic Acid-Mediated Signaling and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Homeostasis in Stomatal Guard Cells under Drought Stress Open
Drought is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs, CPKs) are believed to play important roles in plant responses to drought stress. Here, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana CPK8 func…
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Light-Activated Phytochrome A and B Interact with Members of the SPA Family to Promote Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis by Reorganizing the COP1/SPA Complex Open
Phytochromes function as red/far-red photoreceptors in plants and are essential for light-regulated growth and development. Photomorphogenesis, the developmental program in light, is the default program in seed plants. In dark-grown seedli…
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A palette of fluorescent proteins optimized for diverse cellular environments Open
To perform quantitative live cell imaging, investigators require fluorescent reporters that accurately report protein localization and levels, while minimally perturbing the cell. Yet, within the biochemically distinct environments of cell…
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PyWRKY26 and PybHLH3 cotargeted the PyMYB114 promoter to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport in red-skinned pears Open
Red pear is favored because of its bright appearance and abundant anthocyanins. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is controlled by transcription factors (TFs) forming regulatory complexes. In red-skinned pears, the WRKY TFs have a significant relat…
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The <span>NB</span>‐<span>LRR</span> gene <i>Pm60</i> confers powdery mildew resistance in wheat Open
Summary Powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. To date, few powdery mildew resistance genes have been cloned from wheat due to the size and complexity of the wheat genome. Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the …
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A Small Secreted Virulence-Related Protein Is Essential for the Necrotrophic Interactions of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with Its Host Plants Open
Small, secreted proteins have been found to play crucial roles in interactions between biotrophic/hemi-biotrophic pathogens and plants. However, little is known about the roles of these proteins produced by broad host-range necrotrophic ph…
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Auxin regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis through the Aux/IAA–ARF signaling pathway in apple Open
Auxin signaling, which is crucial for normal plant growth and development, mainly depends on ARF-Aux/IAA interactions. However, little is known regarding the regulatory effects of auxin signaling on anthocyanin metabolism in apple (Malus d…
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Modulation of Fluorescent Protein Chromophores To Detect Protein Aggregation with Turn-On Fluorescence Open
We present a fluorogenic method to visualize misfolding and aggregation of a specific protein-of-interest in live cells using structurally modulated fluorescent protein chromophores. Combining photophysical analysis, X-ray crystallography,…
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Peroxiredoxins and Redox Signaling in Plants Open
Complementation of the Prxs knockout lines with variants that mimic specific states, namely devoid of peroxidase activity, lacking the oligomerization ability, resembling the hyperoxidized decamer, or with truncated C-terminus, should allo…
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Lighting the Way to Protein-Protein Interactions: Recommendations on Best Practices for Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Analyses Open
Techniques to detect and verify interactions between proteins in vivo have become invaluable tools in functional genomic research. While many of the initially developed interaction assays (e.g., yeast two-hybrid system and split-ubiquitin …
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OsPHT1;3 Mediates Uptake, Translocation, and Remobilization of Phosphate under Extremely Low Phosphate Regimes Open
Plant roots rely on inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) transporters to acquire soluble Pi from soil solutions that exists at micromolar levels in natural ecosystems. Here, we functionally characterized a rice (Oryza sativa) Pi transporter, Os P…
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Arabidopsis WRKY50 and TGA Transcription Factors Synergistically Activate Expression of PR1 Open
Arabidopsis PR1 is a salicylic acid (SA) inducible marker gene for systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, the regulation of PR1 in plants is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that AtWRKY50 transcription factor binds to two …
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The Arabidopsis Malectin-Like/LRR-RLK IOS1 is Critical for BAK1-Dependent and BAK1-Independent Pattern-Triggered Immunity Open
Plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR), and CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE1 (CERK1) recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to activate patter…
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A noncanonical auxin-sensing mechanism is required for organ morphogenesis in <i>Arabidopsis</i> Open
Tissue patterning in multicellular organisms is the output of precise spatio–temporal regulation of gene expression coupled with changes in hormone dynamics. In plants, the hormone auxin regulates growth and development at every stage of a…
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<i>Ej<span>AP</span>2‐1</i>, an <i><span>AP</span>2/<span>ERF</span></i> gene, is a novel regulator of fruit lignification induced by chilling injury, via interaction with <i>Ej<span>MYB</span></i> transcription factors Open
Summary Lignin biosynthesis is regulated by many transcription factors, such as those of the MYB and NAC families. However, the roles of AP 2/ ERF transcription factors in lignin biosynthesis have been rarely investigated. Eighteen Ej AP 2…
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Reconstitution of CO <sub>2</sub> Regulation of SLAC1 Anion Channel and Function of CO <sub>2</sub> -Permeable PIP2;1 Aquaporin as CARBONIC ANHYDRASE4 Interactor Open
Dark respiration causes an increase in leaf CO2 concentration (Ci), and the continuing increases in atmospheric [CO2] further increases Ci. Elevated leaf CO2 concentration causes stomatal pores to close. Here, we demonstrate that high intr…
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GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response Open
Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, an…
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A split fluorescent reporter with rapid and reversible complementation Open
Interactions between proteins play an essential role in metabolic and signaling pathways, cellular processes and organismal systems. We report the development of splitFAST, a fluorescence complementation system for the visualization of tra…
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OsATX1 Interacts with Heavy Metal P1B-Type ATPases and Affects Copper Transport and Distribution Open
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Cu trafficking and distribution to different organs in rice (Oryza sativa) are poorly understood. Here, we report the function and rol…
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Development of an efficient root transgenic system for pigeon pea and its application to other important economically plants Open
Summary For non‐model plants, functional characterization of genes is still hampered by lack of efficient stable transformation procedures. Here, we report a simple, fast and efficient transformation technique with Agrobacterium rhizogenes…
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Selective autophagy regulates heat stress memory in Arabidopsis by NBR1-mediated targeting of HSP90.1 and ROF1 Open
In nature, plants are constantly exposed to many transient, but recurring, stresses. Thus, to complete their life cycles, plants require a dynamic balance between capacities to recover following cessation of stress and maintenance of stres…
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The <i>Verticillium</i>‐specific protein VdSCP7 localizes to the plant nucleus and modulates immunity to fungal infections Open
Summary Fungal pathogens secrete effector proteins to suppress plant basal defense for successful colonization. Resistant plants, however, can recognize effectors by cognate R proteins to induce effector‐triggered immunity (ETI). By analyz…
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Sorbitol Modulates Resistance to <i>Alternaria alternata</i> by Regulating the Expression of an <i>NLR</i> Resistance Gene in Apple Open
In plant-microbe interactions, plant sugars produced by photosynthesis are not only a carbon source for pathogens, but may also act as signals that modulate plant defense responses. Here, we report that decreasing sorbitol synthesis in app…
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Potato Tuber Induction is Regulated by Interactions Between Components of a Tuberigen Complex Open
Photoperiod-regulated flowering and potato tuber formation involve leaf-produced mobile signals, florigen and tuberigen, respectively. The major protein component of florigen has been identified as the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein. In ri…
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SOS2-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE5, an SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE3-Type Protein Kinase, Is Important for Abscisic Acid Responses in Arabidopsis through Phosphorylation of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 Open
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an essential role in seed germination. In this study, we demonstrate that one SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE3-type protein kinase, SOS2-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE5 (PKS5), is involved in ABA signal transduction via the phos…
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GhJAZ2 attenuates cotton resistance to biotic stresses via the inhibition of the transcriptional activity of GhbHLH171 Open
Summary Plants have evolved effective mechanisms to protect themselves against multiple stresses, and employ jasmonates (JAs) as vital defence signals to defend against pathogen infection. The accumulation of JA, induced by signals from bi…
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An apple sucrose transporter MdSUT2.2 is a phosphorylation target for protein kinase MdCIPK22 in response to drought Open
Summary Sugars increase with drought stress in plants and accumulate in the vacuole. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying this process is not clear yet. In this study, protein interaction and phosphorylation experiments were c…
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AIK1, A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Modulates Abscisic Acid Responses through the MKK5-MPK6 Kinase Cascade Open
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is an evolutionarily conserved signal transduction module involved in transducing extracellular signals to the nucleus for appropriate cellular adjustment. This cascade essentially consis…
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The banana fruit Dof transcription factor MaDof23 acts as a repressor and interacts with MaERF9 in regulating ripening-related genes Open
The DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins, a family of plant-specific transcription factors, are involved in a variety of plant biological processes. However, little information is available on their involvement in fruit ripening. We …
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Factorial combinations of protein interactions generate a multiplicity of florigen activation complexes in wheat and barley Open
Summary The FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) protein is a central component of a mobile flowering signal (florigen) that is transported from leaves to the shoot apical meristem ( SAM ). Two FT monomers and two DNA ‐binding bZIP transcription facto…