Free flight ≈ Free flight
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Designing airspace for urban air mobility: A review of concepts and approaches Open
The article brings together the academic and industry literature on the design and management of urban airspace. We analyze the proposed airspace concepts, identify their strengths and weaknesses, point to gaps in research, and provide rec…
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Flying in reverse: kinematics and aerodynamics of a dragonfly in backward free flight Open
In this study, we investigated the backward free flight of a dragonfly, accelerating in a flight path inclined to the horizontal. The wing and body kinematics were reconstructed from the output of three high-speed cameras using a template-…
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A Real-Time Collision Avoidance Strategy in Dynamic Airspace Based on Dynamic Artificial Potential Field Algorithm Open
The key to the integration of unmanned aircrafts in the national airspace is to prevent them from colliding with the other traffics in the airspace. However, it is a great challenge to generate a safe, stable and robust collision-free path…
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The aerodynamics of flight in an insect flight-mill Open
Predicting the dispersal of pest insects is important for pest management schemes. Flight-mills provide a simple way to evaluate the flight potential of insects, but there are several complications in relating tethered-flight to natural fl…
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An Interactive Conflict Solver for Learning Air Traffic Conflict Resolutions Open
The increasing demand in air transportation is pushing the current air traffic management system to its limits in the airspace capacity and workload of air traffic controllers (ATCOs). ATCOs are in an urgent need of assistant tools to aid …
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Comparison of Visually Guided Flight in Insects and Birds Open
Over the last half century, work with flies, bees, and moths have revealed a number of visual guidance strategies for controlling different aspects of flight. Some algorithms, such as the use of pattern velocity in forward flight, are empl…
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Assessment of the North European free route airspace deployment Open
Free Route Airspace is an operational concept for the modernization of the airspace, addressed to improving the efficiency of the flights. It also aims at the environmental friendly performance area by reducing the emissions from fuel burn…
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Model-free control algorithms for micro air vehicles with transitioning flight capabilities Open
Micro air vehicles with transitioning flight capabilities, or simply hybrid micro air vehicles, combine the beneficial features of fixed-wing configurations, in terms of endurance, with vertical take-off and landing capabilities of rotorcr…
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Flight safety measurements of UAVs in congested airspace Open
Describing spatial safety status is crucial for high-density air traffic involving multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a complex environment. A probabilistic approach is proposed to measure safety situation in congested airspace. T…
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Kinematic and Aerodynamic Investigation of the Butterfly in Forward Free Flight for the Butterfly-Inspired Flapping Wing Air Vehicle Open
To ensure the stability of flight, the butterfly needs to flap its wings and simultaneously move its main body to achieve all kinds of flying motion, such as taking off, hovering, or reverse flight. The high-speed camera is used to record …
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Does ATM Need Centralized Coordination? Autonomous Conflict Resolution Analysis in a Constrained Speed Environment Open
The concept of free-flight, introduced in the 1990s, opened a debate on the efficiency of letting aircraft deal with conflicts without any centralized control. Many models have been proposed for autonomous aircraft solvers, but their effic…
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Carrying a logger reduces escape flight speed in a passerine bird, but relative logger mass may be a misleading measure of this flight performance detriment Open
The recent boost in bird migration studies following the development of various tracking devices raised awareness of how detrimental attaching devices can be for animals. Such effects can occur during migration, but also immediately post‐r…
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Error analysis and assessment of unsteady forces acting on a flapping wing micro air vehicle: free flight versus wind-tunnel experimental methods Open
An accurate knowledge of the unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on a bio-inspired, flapping-wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV) is crucial in the design development and optimization cycle. Two different types of experimental approaches are ofte…
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Civil unmanned aircraft system operation in national airspace: A survey from Air Navigation Service Provider perspective Open
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) have advanced technologically and surged exponentially over recent years. Currently, due to safety concerns, most civil operations of UAS are conducted in low-level uncontrolled area or in segregated contro…
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Air route network optimization in fragmented airspace based on cellular automata Open
Air route network optimization, one of the essential parts of the airspace planning, is an effective way to optimize airspace resources, increase airspace capacity, and alleviate air traffic congestion. However, little has been done on the…
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ATC Perspectives of UAS Integration in Controlled Airspace Open
There is a need to better understand the impacts unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have on air traffic control (ATC) when they are integrated into the National Airspace System (NAS) in controlled airspace. An increasing number of UAS are req…
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Controller workload, airspace capacity and future systems Open
In air traffic control (ATC), controller workload – or controller mental workload – is an extremely important topic. There have been many research studies, reports and reviews on workload (as it will be referred to here). Indeed, the joke …
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NOX and CO2 emissions from current air traffic in ASEAN region and benefits of free route airspace implementation Open
The ASEAN region is affected by many climate-change inducing factors such as Forest Fires, Transboundary Haze Pollution, and Forest Degradation.However, within the next few years there may be one more significant contributor in making the …
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Designing the Air–Ground Data Links for Future Air Traffic Control Communications Open
The future air traffic management in Europe and the USA is being defined by the SESAR and NextGen programs, respectively. In the mid-2020s, air-ground air traffic control communications will be primarily data-centric as opposed to current …
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Flow Visualization around a Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle in Free Flight Using Large-Scale PIV Open
Flow visualizations have been performed on a free flying, flapping-wing micro air vehicle (MAV), using a large-scale particle image velocimetry (PIV) approach. The PIV method involves the use of helium-filled soap bubbles (HFSB) as tracer …
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An Autonomous Free Airspace En-route Controller using Deep Reinforcement Learning Techniques Open
Air traffic control is becoming a more and more complex task due to the increasing number of aircraft. Current air traffic control methods are not suitable for managing this increased traffic. Autonomous air traffic control is deemed a pro…
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The Dominant Role of Visual Motion Cues in Bumblebee Flight Control Revealed Through Virtual Reality Open
Flying bees make extensive use of optic flow: the apparent motion in the visual scene generated by their own movement. Much of what is known about bees' visually-guided flight comes from experiments employing real physical objects, which c…
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Augmented Air Traffic Control System—Artificial Intelligence as Digital Assistance System to Predict Air Traffic Conflicts Open
Today’s air traffic management (ATM) system evolves around the air traffic controllers and pilots. This human-centered design made air traffic remarkably safe in the past. However, with the increase in flights and the variety of aircraft u…
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Probabilistic Strategic Conflict-Management for 4D Trajectories in Free-Route Airspace Open
The expected growth of air traffic in the following decades demands the implementation of new operational concepts to avoid current limitations of the air traffic management system. This paper focuses on the strategic conflict management f…
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Full Model-Free Control Architecture for Hybrid UAVs Open
International audience
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Three-dimension collision-free trajectory planning of UAVs based on ADS-B information in low-altitude urban airspace Open
The environment of low-altitude urban airspace is complex and variable due to numerous obstacles, non-cooperative aircraft, and birds. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) leveraging environmental information to achieve three-dimension collisio…
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Selective Simulated Annealing for Large Scale Airspace Congestion Mitigation Open
This paper presents a methodology to minimize the airspace congestion of aircraft trajectories based on slot allocation techniques. The traffic assignment problem is modeled as a combinatorial optimization problem for which a selective sim…
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Accurate position control of a flapping-wing robot enabling free-flight flow visualisation in a wind tunnel Open
Flow visualisations are essential to better understand the unsteady aerodynamics of flapping wing flight. The issues inherent to animal experiments, such as poor controllability and unnatural flapping when tethered, can be avoided by using…
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South East Common Sky Initiative Free Route Airspace - implementation aftermath Open
In a short period since South-East Axis Free Route Airspace (SEAFRA) and Slovenian Austrian Cross-Border Free Route Airspace (SAXFRA) were established, during 2018 these two Free Route Airspace (FRA) areas operationally merged into South E…
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Optimization-Based Autonomous Air Traffic Control for Airspace Capacity Improvement Open
In order to handle increasing demand in air transportation, high-level automation support seems inevitable. This article presents an optimization-based autonomous air traffic control (ATC) system and the determination of airspace capacity …