Eye movement ≈ Eye movement
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Use of NeuroEyeCoach™ to Improve Eye Movement Efficacy in Patients with Homonymous Visual Field Loss Open
Visual field deficits are common in patients with damaged retinogeniculostriate pathways. The patient’s eye movements are often affected leading to inefficient visual search. Systematic eye movement training also called compensatory therap…
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Pupillometry: Psychology, Physiology, and Function Open
Pupils respond to three distinct kinds of stimuli: they constrict in response to brightness (the pupil light response), constrict in response to near fixation (the pupil near response), and dilate in response to increases in arousal and me…
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The nasal and gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Open
Background Increasing evidence connects the gut microbiota and the onset and/or phenotype of Parkinson's disease (PD). Differences in the abundances of specific bacterial taxa have been reported in PD patients. It is, however, unknown whet…
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The Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) of Semicircular Canal Function – Age-Dependent Normative Values of VOR Gain in Healthy Subjects Open
These normative values allow the results of any particular patient to be compared to the values of healthy people in their age range and so allow, for example, detection of whether a patient has a bilateral vestibular loss. VOR gain, as me…
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Visual attentional orienting by eye gaze: A meta-analytic review of the gaze-cueing effect. Open
Given limitations in the amount of visual information that a person can simultaneously process through to conscious perception, selective visual attention is necessary. Visual signals in the environment aid this selection process by trigge…
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An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans Open
Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM…
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Eye tracking in virtual reality Open
The intent of this paper is to provide an introduction into the bourgeoning field of eye tracking in Virtual Reality (VR). VR itself is an emerging technology on the consumer market, which will create many new opportunities in research. It…
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Circuits for Action and Cognition: A View from the Superior Colliculus Open
The superior colliculus is one of the most well-studied structures in the brain, and with each new report, its proposed role in behavior seems to increase in complexity. Forty years of evidence show that the colliculus is critical for reor…
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Eye tracking cognitive load using pupil diameter and microsaccades with fixed gaze Open
Pupil diameter and microsaccades are captured by an eye tracker and compared for their suitability as indicators of cognitive load (as beset by task difficulty). Specifically, two metrics are tested in response to task difficulty: (1) the …
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DeepVision: Deepfakes Detection Using Human Eye Blinking Pattern Open
In this paper, we propose a new approach to detect Deepfakes generated through the generative adversarial network (GANs) model via an algorithm called DeepVision to analyze a significant change in the pattern of blinking, which is a volunt…
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Brain neural patterns and the memory function of sleep Open
Sleep is crucial for healthy cognition, including memory. The two main phases of sleep, REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM sleep, are associated with characteristic electrophysiological patterns that are recorded using surface and intrac…
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Alpha-Band Oscillations Enable Spatially and Temporally Resolved Tracking of Covert Spatial Attention Open
Covert spatial attention is essential for humans’ ability to direct limited processing resources to the relevant aspects of visual scenes. A growing body of evidence suggests that rhythmic neural activity in the alpha frequency band (8–12 …
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Hybrid Brain–Computer Interface Techniques for Improved Classification Accuracy and Increased Number of Commands: A Review Open
In this article, non-invasive hybrid brainâcomputer interface (hBCI) technologies for improving classification accuracy and increasing the number of commands are reviewed. Hybridization combining more than two modalities is a new trend i…
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Prevalence and determinants of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in the general population Open
In our middle-to-older age population-based sample, the prevalence of RBD was 1.06%, with no difference between men and women. RBD was associated with antidepressant and antipsychotic use and with minor differences in sleep structure.
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Stable and Dynamic Coding for Working Memory in Primate Prefrontal Cortex Open
Working memory (WM) provides the stability necessary for high-level cognition. Influential theories typically assume that WM depends on the persistence of stable neural representations, yet increasing evidence suggests that neural states a…
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Depression and Sleep Open
Impaired sleep is both a risk factor and a symptom of depression. Objective sleep is assessed using the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG). Characteristic sleep-EEG changes in patients with depression include disinhibition of rapid eye movem…
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Control and Functions of Fixational Eye Movements Open
Humans and other species explore a visual scene by making rapid eye movements (saccades) two to three times every second. Although the eyes may appear immobile in the brief intervals between saccades, microscopic (fixational) eye movements…
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OB1-reader: A model of word recognition and eye movements in text reading. Open
Decades of reading research have led to sophisticated accounts of single-word recognition and, in parallel, accounts of eye-movement control in text reading. Although these two endeavors have strongly advanced the field, their relative ind…
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Disruption of hierarchical predictive coding during sleep Open
Significance Sleeping disrupts the conscious awareness of external sounds. We investigated the stage of processing at which this disruption occurs. In the awake brain, when a regular sequence of sounds is presented, a hierarchy of brain ar…
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Eye Movement and Pupil Measures: A Review Open
Our subjective visual experiences involve complex interaction between our eyes, our brain, and the surrounding world. It gives us the sense of sight, color, stereopsis, distance, pattern recognition, motor coordination, and more. The incre…
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Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation. Open
Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) is a methodology employed to manipulate memory processing during sleep. TMR studies have great potential to advance understanding of sleep-based memory consolidation and corresponding neural mechanisms. R…
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Optimizing the ICA-based removal of ocular EEG artifacts from free viewing experiments Open
Combining EEG with eye-tracking is a promising approach to study neural correlates of natural vision, but the resulting recordings are also heavily contaminated by activity of the eye balls, eye lids, and extraocular muscles. While Indepen…
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Individual differences in working memory and processing speed predict anticipatory spoken language processing in the visual world Open
It is now well established that anticipation of up-coming input is a key characteristic of spoken language comprehension. Several mechanisms of predictive language processing have been proposed. The possible influence of mediating factors …
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Speaking and Listening with the Eyes: Gaze Signaling during Dyadic Interactions Open
Cognitive scientists have long been interested in the role that eye gaze plays in social interactions. Previous research suggests that gaze acts as a signaling mechanism and can be used to control turn-taking behaviour. However, early rese…
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Neuronal control of fixation and fixational eye movements Open
Ocular fixation is a dynamic process that is actively controlled by many of the same brain structures involved in the control of eye movements, including the superior colliculus, cerebellum and reticular formation. In this article, we revi…
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The Temperature Dependence of Sleep Open
Mammals have evolved a range of behavioural and neurological mechanisms that coordinate cycles of thermoregulation and sleep. Whether diurnal or nocturnal, sleep onset and a reduction in core temperature occur together. Non-rapid eye movem…
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The Clinical Phenotype of Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder at Presentation: A Study in 203 Consecutive Patients Open
A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 7.
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High risk of near-crash driving events following night-shift work Open
Significance Drowsy driving is a major public health issue, particularly impacting the 9.5 million shift workers in America. Previous reports have assessed the impact of night work on driving in driving simulators. This real-vehicle drivin…
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Is the eye-movement field confused about fixations and saccades? A survey among 124 researchers Open
Eye movements have been extensively studied in a wide range of research fields. While new methods such as mobile eye tracking and eye tracking in virtual/augmented realities are emerging quickly, the eye-movement terminology has scarcely b…
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Accelerating eye movement research via accurate and affordable smartphone eye tracking Open
Eye tracking has been widely used for decades in vision research, language and usability. However, most prior research has focused on large desktop displays using specialized eye trackers that are expensive and cannot scale. Little is know…