Byzantine fault tolerance
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HotStuff Open
We present HotStuff, a leader-based Byzantine fault-tolerant replication protocol for the partially synchronous model. Once network communication becomes synchronous, HotStuff enables a correct leader to drive the protocol to consensus at …
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FLTrust: Byzantine-robust Federated Learning via Trust Bootstrapping Open
Byzantine-robust federated learning aims to enable a service provider to learn an accurate global model when a bounded number of clients are malicious. The key idea of existing Byzantine-robust federated learning methods is that the servic…
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Byzantine-Robust Distributed Learning: Towards Optimal Statistical Rates Open
In large-scale distributed learning, security issues have become increasingly important. Particularly in a decentralized environment, some computing units may behave abnormally, or even exhibit Byzantine failures -- arbitrary and potential…
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Towards Scaling Blockchain Systems via Sharding Open
Existing blockchain systems scale poorly because of their distributed consensus protocols. Current attempts at improving blockchain scalability are limited to cryptocurrency. Scaling blockchain systems under general workloads (i.e., non-cr…
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The Hidden Vulnerability of Distributed Learning in Byzantium Open
While machine learning is going through an era of celebrated success, concerns have been raised about the vulnerability of its backbone: stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recent approaches have been proposed to ensure the robustness of di…
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Tendermint: Byzantine Fault Tolerance in the Age of Blockchains Open
Tendermint is a new protocol for ordering events in a distributed network under adversarial conditions. More commonly known as consensus or atomic broadcast, the problem has attracted significant attention recently due to the widespread su…
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Manipulating the Byzantine: Optimizing Model Poisoning Attacks and Defenses for Federated Learning Open
Federated learning (FL) enables many data owners (e.g., mobile devices) to train a joint ML model (e.g., a nextword prediction classifier) without the need of sharing their private training data.However, FL is known to be susceptible to po…
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Pbft Vs Proof-Of-Authority: Applying The Cap Theorem To Permissioned Blockchain Open
Permissioned blockchains are arising as a solution to federate companies prompting accountable interactions. A variety of consensus algorithms for such blockchains have been proposed, each of which has dierent benets and drawbacks. Proof-o…
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A Scalable Multi-Layer PBFT Consensus for Blockchain Open
Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus mechanism shows a great potential to break the performance bottleneck of the Proof-of-Work (PoW) based blockchain systems, which typically support only dozens of transactions per second …
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DeepCoin: A Novel Deep Learning and Blockchain-Based Energy Exchange Framework for Smart Grids Open
In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning and blockchain-based energy framework for smart grids, entitled DeepCoin. The DeepCoin framework uses two schemes, a blockchain-based scheme and a deep learning-based scheme. The blockchain-b…
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RSA: Byzantine-Robust Stochastic Aggregation Methods for Distributed Learning from Heterogeneous Datasets Open
In this paper, we propose a class of robust stochastic subgradient methods for distributed learning from heterogeneous datasets at presence of an unknown number of Byzantine workers. The Byzantine workers, during the learning process, may …
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Enhancing Bitcoin Security and Performance with Strong Consistency via Collective Signing Open
While showing great promise, Bitcoin requires users to wait tens of minutes for transactions to commit, and even then, offering only probabilistic guarantees. This paper introduces ByzCoin, a novel Byzantine consensus protocol that leverag…
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Blockchain Consensus Protocols in the Wild Open
A blockchain is a distributed ledger for recording transactions, maintained by many nodes without central authority through a distributed cryptographic protocol. All nodes validate the information to be appended to the blockchain, and a co…
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Generalized Byzantine-tolerant SGD Open
We propose three new robust aggregation rules for distributed synchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent~(SGD) under a general Byzantine failure model. The attackers can arbitrarily manipulate the data transferred between the servers and the …
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Local Model Poisoning Attacks to Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning Open
In federated learning, multiple client devices jointly learn a machine learning model: each client device maintains a local model for its local training dataset, while a master device maintains a global model via aggregating the local mode…
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Blurring the Lines between Blockchains and Database Systems Open
Within the last few years, a countless number of blockchain systems have emerged on the market, each one claiming to revolutionize the way of distributed transaction processing in one way or the other. Many blockchain features, such as byz…
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Byzantine-Robust Federated Machine Learning through Adaptive Model Averaging Open
Federated learning enables training collaborative machine learning models at scale with many participants whilst preserving the privacy of their datasets. Standard federated learning techniques are vulnerable to Byzantine failures, biased …
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Sync HotStuff: Simple and Practical Synchronous State Machine Replication Open
Synchronous solutions for Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) can tolerate up to minority faults. In this work, we present Sync HotStuff, a surprisingly simple and intuitive synchronous BFT solution that achieves consensus with a latency of 2Δ…
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Distributed Statistical Machine Learning in Adversarial Settings: Byzantine Gradient Descent Open
We consider the problem of distributed statistical machine learning in adversarial settings, where some unknown and time-varying subset of working machines may be compromised and behave arbitrarily to prevent an accurate model from being l…
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Managing Byzantine Robots via Blockchain Technology in a Swarm Robotics Collective Decision Making Scenario Open
While swarm robotics systems are often claimed to be highly fault-tolerant, so far research has limited its attention to safe laboratory settings and has virtually ignored security issues in the presence of Byzantine robots—i.e., robots wi…
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G-PBFT: A Location-based and Scalable Consensus Protocol for IoT-Blockchain Applications Open
IoT-blockchain applications have advantages of managing massive IoT devices, achieving advanced data security, and data credibility. However, there are still some challenges when deploying IoT applications on blockchain systems due to limi…
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A Research Survey on Applications of Consensus Protocols in Blockchain Open
The concept of blockchain, widely known as virtual currencies, saw a massive surge in popularity in recent times. As far as the security of the blockchain is concerned, consensus algorithms play a vital role in the blockchain. Research has…
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Study of Blockchains’s Consensus Mechanism Based on Credit Open
Practical Byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) is one of the most popular consensus protocols of the blockchain. However, in the PBFT, the enthusiasm of reliable nodes cannot be stimulated effectively, and a large amount of communication resou…
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Blockchain Technology Secures Robot Swarms: A Comparison of Consensus Protocols and Their Resilience to Byzantine Robots Open
Consensus achievement is a crucial capability for robot swarms, for example, for path selection, spatial aggregation, or collective sensing. However, the presence of malfunctioning and malicious robots (Byzantine robots) can make it imposs…
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Analysis of the XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol Open
The XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol is a previously developed consensus protocol powering the XRP Ledger. It is a low-latency Byzantine agreement protocol, capable of reaching consensus without full agreement on which nodes are members of th…
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Hybrid Consensus Algorithm Optimization: A Mathematical Method Based on POS and PBFT and Its Application in Blockchain Open
Blockchain is a new technology for processing complex and disordered information with respect to business and other industrial applications. This work is aimed at studying the consensus algorithm of blockchain to improve the performance of…
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SEAR: Secure and Efficient Aggregation for Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning Open
Federated learning facilitates the collaborative training of a global model among distributed clients without sharing their training data. Secure aggregation, a new security primitive for federated learning, aims to preserve the confidenti…
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MBCP: Performance Analysis of Large Scale Mainstream Blockchain Consensus Protocols Open
As Blockchain innovation picks up popularity in many areas, it is frequently hailed as a sound innovation. Because of the decentralization and encryption, many imagine that data put away in a Blockchain is and will consistently be protecte…
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Byzantine Stochastic Gradient Descent Open
This paper studies the problem of distributed stochastic optimization in an adversarial setting where, out of $m$ machines which allegedly compute stochastic gradients every iteration, an $\alpha$-fraction are Byzantine, and may behave adv…
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A Blockchain-Based Byzantine Consensus Algorithm for Information Authentication of the Internet of Vehicles Open
This paper attempts to solve the security problems in communication, consensus-making and authentication of nodes in the Internet of vehicles (IoV) for intelligent transport. Considering the defects of the central node and service complexi…