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First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole Open
We present measurements of the properties of the central radio source in M87 using Event Horizon Telescope data obtained during the 2017 campaign. We develop and fit geometric crescent models (asymmetric rings with interior brightness depr…
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The California-Kepler Survey. III. A Gap in the Radius Distribution of Small Planets* Open
The size of a planet is an observable property directly connected to the physics of its formation and evolution. We used precise radius measurements from the California- Kepler Survey to study the size distribution of 2025 Kepler planets i…
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MultiDark simulations: the story of dark matter halo concentrations and density profiles Open
Predicting structural properties of dark matter haloes is one of the fundamental goals of modern cosmology. We use the suite of MultiDark cosmological simulations to study the evolution of dark matter halo density profiles, concentrations,…
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Gravitational-Wave Constraints on the Neutron-Star-Matter Equation of State Open
The detection of gravitational waves originating from a neutron-star merger, GW170817, by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations has recently provided new stringent limits on the tidal deformabilities of the stars involved in the collision. Com…
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Comprehensive analytic formulae for stellar evolution as a function of mass and metallicity Open
We present analytic formulae that approximate the evolution of stars for a wide range of mass M and metallicity Z. Stellar luminosity, radius and core mass are given as a function of age, M and Z, for all phases from the zero-age main sequ…
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Layered Mg<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O as Cathode Material for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries Open
The performance of chemically intercalated V2O5 was found to strongly depend on the interlayer spacing, which is related to the radius of hydrated metal ion, which can be readily tuned by using different intercalated metals. Herein, we rep…
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New Constraints on Radii and Tidal Deformabilities of Neutron Stars from GW170817 Open
We explore in a parameterized manner a very large range of physically plausible equations of state (EOSs) for compact stars for matter that is either purely hadronic or that exhibits a phase transition. In particular, we produce two classe…
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HOW TO CONSTRAIN YOUR M DWARF: MEASURING EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURE, BOLOMETRIC LUMINOSITY, MASS, AND RADIUS Open
Precise and accurate parameters for late-type (late K and M) dwarf stars are important for characterization of any orbiting planets, but such determinations have been hampered by these stars’ complex spectra and dissimilarity to the Sun. W…
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Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817 Open
We use gravitational-wave observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 to explore the tidal deformabilities and radii of neutron stars. We perform a Bayesian parameter estimation with the source location and distance informed by…
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Gusty, gaseous flows of FIRE: galactic winds in cosmological simulations with explicit stellar feedback Open
We present an analysis of the galaxy-scale gaseous outflows from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) simulations. This suite of hydrodynamic cosmological zoom simulations resolves formation of star-forming giant molecular clouds …
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Tackling the Objective Inconsistency Problem in Heterogeneous Federated Optimization Open
In federated optimization, heterogeneity in the clients' local datasets and computation speeds results in large variations in the number of local updates performed by each client in each communication round. Naive weighted aggregation of s…
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Binary black hole mergers from globular clusters: Masses, merger rates, and the impact of stellar evolution Open
The recent discovery of GW150914, the binary black hole merger detected by Advanced LIGO, has the potential to revolutionize observational astrophysics. But to fully utilize this new window into the universe, we must compare these new obse…
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Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies Open
New surface photometry of all known elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster is combined with published data to derive composite profiles of brightness, ellipticity, position angle, isophote shape, and color over large radius ranges. These…
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Growth model interpretation of planet size distribution Open
Significance The discovery of numerous exoplanet systems containing diverse populations of planets orbiting very close to their host stars challenges the planet formation theories based on the solar system. Here, we focus on the planets wi…
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An asteroseismic view of the radius valley: stripped cores, not born rocky Open
Various theoretical models treating the effect of stellar irradiation on planetary envelopes predict the presence of a radius valley, i.e. a bimodal distribution of planet radii, with super-Earths and sub-Neptune planets separated by a val…
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Core-powered mass-loss and the radius distribution of small exoplanets Open
Recent observations identify a valley in the radius distribution of small\nexoplanets, with planets in the range $1.5-2.0\\,{\\rm R}_{\\oplus}$ significantly\nless common than somewhat smaller or larger planets. This valley may suggest a\n…
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<i>Gaia</i> Data Release 2 Open
The second Gaia data release ( Gaia DR2) contains, beyond the astrometry, three-band photometry for 1.38 billion sources. One band is the G band, the other two were obtained by integrating the Gaia prism spectra (BP and RP). We have used t…
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The 2dF galaxy redshift survey: The environmental dependence of galaxy star formation rates near clusters Open
We have measured the equivalent width of the Ha emission line for 11 006 galaxies brighter than Mb, = -19 (ΩΛ = 0.7, Ωm = 0.3, H0 = 70 km s-1 Mpc-1) at 0.05 < z < 0.1 in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS), in the fields of 17 known ga…
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Remote Sensing of Droplet Number Concentration in Warm Clouds: A Review of the Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives Open
The cloud droplet number concentration ( N d ) is of central interest to improve the understanding of cloud physics and for quantifying the effective radiative forcing by aerosol‐cloud interactions. Current standard satellite retrievals do…
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THE MASS–METALLICITY RELATION FOR GIANT PLANETS Open
Exoplanet discoveries of recent years have provided a great deal of new data for studying the bulk compositions of giant planets. Here we identify 47 transiting giant planets (20 M ⊕ < M < 20 M J ) whose stellar insolations are low enough …
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THE DENSE MATTER EQUATION OF STATE FROM NEUTRON STAR RADIUS AND MASS MEASUREMENTS Open
We present a comprehensive study of spectroscopic radius measurements of twelve neutron stars obtained during thermonuclear bursts or in quiescence. We incorporate, for the first time, a large number of systematic uncertainties in the meas…
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MOMENTUM INJECTION BY SUPERNOVAE IN THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM Open
Supernova (SN) explosions deposit prodigious energy and momentum in their\nenvironments, with the former regulating multiphase thermal structure and the\nlatter regulating turbulence and star formation rates in the interstellar\nmedium (IS…
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<i>Colloquium</i>: Measuring the neutron star equation of state using x-ray timing Open
One of the primary science goals of the next generation of hard x-ray timing instruments is to determine the equation of state of matter at supranuclear densities inside neutron stars by measuring the radius of neutron stars with different…
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Shadow of rotating regular black holes Open
We study the shadows cast by the different types of rotating regular black holes viz. Ay\'on-Beato-Garc\'ia {(ABG)}, Hayward, and Bardeen. These black holes have in addition to the total mass ($M$) and rotation parameter ($a$), different p…
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Baryon effects on the internal structure of ΛCDM haloes in the EAGLE simulations Open
We investigate the internal structure and density profiles of haloes of mass 1010–1014 M⊙ in the Evolution and Assembly of Galaxies and their Environment (EAGLE) simulations. These follow the formation of galaxies in a Λ cold dark matter U…
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Sculpting the valley in the radius distribution of small exoplanets as a by-product of planet formation: the core-powered mass-loss mechanism Open
Recent observations revealed a bimodal radius distribution of small, short-period exoplanets with a paucity in their occurrence, a radius ‘valley’, around 1.5–2.0 R⊕. In this work, we investigate the effect of a planet’s own cooling lumino…
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Ages and fundamental properties of<i>Kepler</i>exoplanet host stars from asteroseismology Open
We present a study of 33 Kepler planet-candidate host stars for which asteroseismic observations have sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio to allow extraction of individual pulsation frequencies. We implement a new Bayesian scheme that …
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Hunting for extra dimensions in the shadow of M87* Open
The Event Horizon Telescope has recently provided the first image of the dark shadow around the supermassive black hole M87*. The observation of a highly circular shadow provides strong limits on deviations of M87*'s quadrupole moment from…
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The effect of manufacturing defects on the fatigue life of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V structures Open
The manufacturing defects introduced by selective laser melting typically lead to lower fatigue strength and a larger variation in fatigue life compared to conventionally manufactured structures. X-ray micro computed tomography (μCT) is us…
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS FOR THE ENTIRE MILKY WAY DISK Open
This study presents a catalog of 8107 molecular clouds that covers the entire Galactic plane and includes 98% of the 12 CO emission observed within . The catalog was produced using a hierarchical cluster identification method applied to th…