Cognitive science ≈ Cognitive science
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Hierarchical Attention Networks for Document Classification Open
Zichao Yang, Diyi Yang, Chris Dyer, Xiaodong He, Alex Smola, Eduard Hovy. Proceedings of the 2016 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2016.
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Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models Open
We explore how generating a chain of thought -- a series of intermediate reasoning steps -- significantly improves the ability of large language models to perform complex reasoning. In particular, we show how such reasoning abilities emerg…
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Neural Architecture Search with Reinforcement Learning Open
Neural networks are powerful and flexible models that work well for many difficult learning tasks in image, speech and natural language understanding. Despite their success, neural networks are still hard to design. In this paper, we use a…
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The Blood–Brain Barrier Open
Blood vessels are critical to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all of the tissues and organs throughout the body. The blood vessels that vascularize the central nervous system (CNS) possess unique properties, termed the blood-brain barrier,…
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Fundamentals of cancer metabolism Open
Researchers provide a conceptual framework to understand current knowledge of the fundamentals of cancer metabolism.
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An Overview of Multi-Task Learning in Deep Neural Networks Open
Multi-task learning (MTL) has led to successes in many applications of machine learning, from natural language processing and speech recognition to computer vision and drug discovery. This article aims to give a general overview of MTL, pa…
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A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research Open
Self-regulated learning (SRL) includes the cognitive, metacognitive, behavioral, motivational, and emotional/affective aspects of learning. It is, therefore, an extraordinary umbrella under which a considerable number of variables that inf…
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GPT-3: Its Nature, Scope, Limits, and Consequences Open
In this commentary, we discuss the nature of reversible and irreversible questions, that is, questions that may enable one to identify the nature of the source of their answers. We then introduce GPT-3, a third-generation, autoregressive l…
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Choosing Prediction Over Explanation in Psychology: Lessons From Machine Learning Open
Psychology has historically been concerned, first and foremost, with explaining the causal mechanisms that give rise to behavior. Randomized, tightly controlled experiments are enshrined as the gold standard of psychological research, and …
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Language Models as Knowledge Bases? Open
Fabio Petroni, Tim Rocktäschel, Sebastian Riedel, Patrick Lewis, Anton Bakhtin, Yuxiang Wu, Alexander Miller. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference…
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Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design: 20 Years Later Open
Cognitive load theory was introduced in the 1980s as an instructional design theory based on several uncontroversial aspects of human cognitive architecture. Our knowledge of many of the characteristics of working memory, long-term memory …
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Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4 Open
Artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have been developing and refining large language models (LLMs) that exhibit remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. Th…
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Neuroinflammation: the devil is in the details Open
There is significant interest in understanding inflammatory responses within the brain and spinal cord. Inflammatory responses that are centralized within the brain and spinal cord are generally referred to as ‘neuroinflammatory’. Aspects …
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Modular Brain Networks Open
The development of new technologies for mapping structural and functional brain connectivity has led to the creation of comprehensive network maps of neuronal circuits and systems. The architecture of these brain networks can be examined a…
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Qualitative Data Analysis: Practical Strategies Open
PART ONE: PREPARING THE WAY: LAYING THE FOUNDATIONS FOR ANALYSIS Foundations for Thinking and Working Qualitatively Thinking Qualitatively Thinking Methods (and methodology) Working Qualitatively Working Qualitatively - Using Software Foun…
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Mechanisms of skill acquisition and the law of practice Open
Computer Science Department
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Artificial intelligence: A powerful paradigm for scientific research Open
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The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization Open
The science of emotion has been using folk psychology categories derived from philosophy to search for the brain basis of emotion. The last two decades of neuroscience research have brought us to the brink of a paradigm shift in understand…
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Artificial Hallucinations in ChatGPT: Implications in Scientific Writing Open
While still in its infancy, ChatGPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer), introduced in November 2022, is bound to hugely impact many industries, including healthcare, medical education, biomedical research, and scientific writing. Implicat…
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The extended evolutionary synthesis: its structure, assumptions and predictions Open
Scientific activities take place within the structured sets of ideas and assumptions that define a field and its practices. The conceptual framework of evolutionary biology emerged with the Modern Synthesis in the early twentieth century a…
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The Psychology of the Language Learner Revisited Open
Preface 1. Introduction: Individual differences - then and now 2. Personality 3. Language Aptitude 4. Motivation 5. Learning Styles and Cognitive Styles 6. Learning Strategies and Self-Regulation 7. Other learner characteristics 8. Conclus…
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Theory-Guided Data Science: A New Paradigm for Scientific Discovery from Data Open
Data science models, although successful in a number of commercial domains,\nhave had limited applicability in scientific problems involving complex\nphysical phenomena. Theory-guided data science (TGDS) is an emerging paradigm\nthat aims …
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Host Biology in Light of the Microbiome: Ten Principles of Holobionts and Hologenomes Open
Groundbreaking research on the universality and diversity of microorganisms is now challenging the life sciences to upgrade fundamental theories that once seemed untouchable. To fully appreciate the change that the field is now undergoing,…
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Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied Mind Open
This book brings together work on embodiment, action, and the predictive mind. At the core of the treatment is the vision of human minds as prediction machines—devices that constantly try to stay one step ahead of the breaking waves of sen…
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A Cellular Perspective on Brain Energy Metabolism and Functional Imaging Open
The energy demands of the brain are high: they account for at least 20% of the body's energy consumption. Evolutionary studies indicate that the emergence of higher cognitive functions in humans is associated with an increased glucose util…
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Perspective: Materials informatics and big data: Realization of the “fourth paradigm” of science in materials science Open
Our ability to collect “big data” has greatly surpassed our capability to analyze it, underscoring the emergence of the fourth paradigm of science, which is data-driven discovery. The need for data informatics is also emphasized by the Mat…
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The present and future use of functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for cognitive neuroscience Open
The past few decades have seen a rapid increase in the use of functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in cognitive neuroscience. This fast growth is due to the several advances that fNIRS offers over the other neuroimaging modalities…
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Episodic Memory and Beyond: The Hippocampus and Neocortex in Transformation Open
The last decade has seen dramatic technological and conceptual changes in research on episodic memory and the brain. New technologies, and increased use of more naturalistic observations, have enabled investigators to delve deeply into the…
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Understanding perception of algorithmic decisions: Fairness, trust, and emotion in response to algorithmic management Open
Algorithms increasingly make managerial decisions that people used to make. Perceptions of algorithms, regardless of the algorithms' actual performance, can significantly influence their adoption, yet we do not fully understand how people …
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Memory engrams: Recalling the past and imagining the future Open
The neural substrate of memory The ability to form memory is an essential trait that allows learning and the accumulation of knowledge. But what is a memory? There has been a long history of searching for the neuronal substrate that forms …