Limiting ≈ Limiting
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Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2 Open
Although Kraken’s k -mer-based approach provides a fast taxonomic classification of metagenomic sequence data, its large memory requirements can be limiting for some applications. Kraken 2 improves upon Kraken 1 by reducing memory usage by…
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The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018 for information professionals and researchers Open
Introduction: Appraising the quality of studies included in systematic reviews combining qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies is challenging. To address this challenge, a critical appraisal tool was developed: the Mixed Meth…
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An overview of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria Open
Resistance to antimicrobial agents has become a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. When antibiotics were first introduced in the 1900's, it was thought that we had won the war against microorganisms. It was soon discovered …
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Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz) Open
Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are used to enable a number of modern devices, including mobile telecommunications infrastructure and phones, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. As radiofrequency EMFs at sufficiently high power levels can a…
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Chitosan: An Overview of Its Properties and Applications Open
Chitosan has garnered much interest due to its properties and possible applications. Every year the number of publications and patents based on this polymer increase. Chitosan exhibits poor solubility in neutral and basic media, limiting i…
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Unconstrained genome targeting with near-PAMless engineered CRISPR-Cas9 variants Open
A PAMless base editor CRISPR-Cas DNA base editing typically requires a specific motif for targeting known as a protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM). This requirement limits the sequences within a genome that can be targeted. Walton et al. engi…
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Inferring the effectiveness of government interventions against COVID-19 Open
How to hold down transmission Early in 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission was curbed in many countries by imposing combinations of nonpharmaceutical interventions. Sufficient data on transmissio…
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The human imperative of stabilizing global climate change at 1.5°C Open
The need to stabilize global climate Climate change will be the greatest threat to humanity and global ecosystems in the coming years, and there is a pressing need to understand and communicate the impacts of warming, across the perspectiv…
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Measuring the optimal exposure for single particle cryo-EM using a 2.6 Å reconstruction of rotavirus VP6 Open
Biological specimens suffer radiation damage when imaged in an electron microscope, ultimately limiting the attainable resolution. At a given resolution, an optimal exposure can be defined that maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio in the im…
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Advances in Risk Classification and Treatment Strategies for Neuroblastoma Open
Risk-based treatment approaches for neuroblastoma have been ongoing for decades. However, the criteria used to define risk in various institutional and cooperative groups were disparate, limiting the ability to compare clinical trial resul…
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Skin whitening agents: medicinal chemistry perspective of tyrosinase inhibitors Open
Melanogenesis is a process to synthesize melanin, which is a primary responsible for the pigmentation of human skin, eye and hair. Although numerous enzymatic catalyzed and chemical reactions are involved in melanogenesis process, the enzy…
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Current Trends and Challenges in the Clinical Translation of Nanoparticulate Nanomedicines: Pathways for Translational Development and Commercialization Open
The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a major impact on human health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. One particular aspect of the nanomedicine field which has received a great deal of att…
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Modified MAX Phase Synthesis for Environmentally Stable and Highly Conductive Ti <sub>3</sub> C <sub>2</sub> MXene Open
One of the primary factors limiting further research and commercial use of the two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbide MXene Ti3C2, as well as MXenes in general, is the rate at which freshly made samples oxidize and degrade when stored as aq…
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Uncultivated microbes in need of their own taxonomy Open
The great majority of microbial species remains uncultured, severely limiting their taxonomic characterization and thus communication among scientists. Although Candidatus was devised as a provisional category to classify uncultured taxa, …
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A Large-Scale Test of the Goldilocks Hypothesis Open
Although the time adolescents spend with digital technologies has sparked widespread concerns that their use might be negatively associated with mental well-being, these potential deleterious influences have not been rigorously studied. Us…
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The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys Open
Pan-STARRS1 has carried out a set of distinct synoptic imaging sky surveys including the $3π$ Steradian Survey and the Medium Deep Survey in 5 bands ($grizy_{P1}$). The mean 5$σ$ point source limiting sensitivities in the stacked 3$π$ Ster…
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Review—Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges for Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes Open
Lithium ion batteries have become an integral part of our daily lives. Among a number of different cathode materials nickel-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 is particularly interesting. The material can deliver high capacities of ∼195 mAh g−1 putting it…
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Literature Review on Needs of Upper Limb Prosthesis Users Open
The loss of one hand can significantly affect the level of autonomy and the capability of performing daily living, working and social activities. The current prosthetic solutions contribute in a poor way to overcome these problems due to l…
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Neutrophils and NETs in modulating acute and chronic inflammation Open
Neutrophils are an absolutely essential part of the innate immune system, playing an essential role in the control of infectious diseases but more recently are also being viewed as important players in tissue repair. Neutrophils are able t…
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Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage — United States, December 29, 2020–January 12, 2021 Open
On December 14, 2020, the United Kingdom reported a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC), lineage B.1.1.7, also referred to as VOC 202012/01 or 20I/501Y.V1.* The B.1.1.7 variant is estimated to have emerged in September 2020 and has quickly…
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Carbapenem resistance: overview of the problem and future perspectives Open
Carbapenem resistance, mainly among Gram-negative pathogens, is an ongoing public-health problem of global dimensions. This type of antimicrobial resistance, especially when mediated by transferable carbapenemase-encoding genes, is spreadi…
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Moving beyond the glial scar for spinal cord repair Open
Traumatic spinal cord injury results in severe and irreversible loss of function. The injury triggers a complex cascade of inflammatory and pathological processes, culminating in formation of a scar. While traditionally referred to as a gl…
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2D Covalent Organic Frameworks as Intrinsic Photocatalysts for Visible Light-Driven CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Open
Covalent organic framework (COF) represents an emerging class of porous materials that have exhibited great potential in various applications, particularly in catalysis. In this work, we report a newly designed 2D COF with incorporated Re …
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Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria for the Remediation of Oil Pollution Under Aerobic Conditions: A Perspective Analysis Open
With the sharp increase in population and modernization of society, environmental pollution resulting from petroleum hydrocarbons has increased, resulting in an urgent need for remediation. Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are ubiq…
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Fast kernel classifiers with online and active learning Open
Very high dimensional learning systems become theoretically possible when training examples are abundant. The computing cost then becomes the limiting factor. Any efficient learning algorithm should at least take a brief look at each examp…
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Plasmonic films can easily be better: Rules and recipes Open
ISSN:2330-4022
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Housing Constraints and Spatial Misallocation Open
We quantify the amount of spatial misallocation of labor across US cities and its aggregate costs. Misallocation arises because high productivity cities like New York and the San Francisco Bay Area have adopted stringent restrictions to ne…
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Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms Open
A strong cocktail against SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is initiated by the trimeric spike protein that decorates the virus and binds the ACE2 receptor. Antibodies against the spike that …
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Recent global decline of CO <sub>2</sub> fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis Open
A decline in the carbon fertilization effect One source of uncertainty in climate science is how the carbon fertilization effect (CFE) will contribute to mitigation of anthropogenic climate change. Wang et al. explored the temporal dynamic…
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Suppression of a Field Population of Aedes aegypti in Brazil by Sustained Release of Transgenic Male Mosquitoes Open
The increasing burden of dengue, and the relative failure of traditional vector control programs highlight the need to develop new control methods. SIT using self-limiting genetic technology is one such promising method. A self-limiting st…