Clear-air turbulence ≈ Clear-air turbulence
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Increased light, moderate, and severe clear-air turbulence in response to climate change Open
Anthropogenic climate change is expected to strengthen the vertical wind shears at aircraft cruising altitudes within the atmospheric jet streams. Such a strengthening would increase the prevalence of shear instabilities, which generate cl…
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Global Response of Clear‐Air Turbulence to Climate Change Open
Clear‐air turbulence (CAT) is one of the largest causes of weather‐related aviation incidents. Here we use climate model simulations to study the impact that climate change could have on global CAT by the period 2050–2080. We extend previo…
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Estimation of turbulence dissipation rate and its variability from sonic anemometer and wind Doppler lidar during the XPIA field campaign Open
Despite turbulence being a fundamental transport process in the boundary layer, the capability of current numerical models to represent it is undermined by the limits of the adopted assumptions, notably that of local equilibrium. Here we l…
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Aviation Turbulence: Dynamics, Forecasting, and Response to Climate Change Open
Atmospheric turbulence is a major hazard in the aviation industry and can cause injuries to passengers and crew. Understanding the physical and dynamical generation mechanisms of turbulence aids with the development of new forecasting algo…
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Characteristics of Atmospheric Turbulence Retrieved From High Vertical‐Resolution Radiosonde Data in the United States Open
In this study, we estimate atmospheric turbulence in the free atmosphere in terms of the Thorpe scale ( L T ) and eddy dissipation rate ( ε ) using U.S. high vertical‐resolution radiosonde data over 4 years (September 2012 to August 2016) …
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Turbulence in breaking mountain waves and atmospheric rotors estimated from airborne <i>in situ</i> and Doppler radar measurements Open
Atmospheric turbulence generated in flow over mountainous terrain is studied using airborne in situ and cloud radar measurements over the Medicine Bow Mountains in southeast Wyoming, USA. During the NASA Orographic Clouds Experiment (NASA0…
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Improvements in Nonconvective Aviation Turbulence Prediction for the World Area Forecast System Open
For the next generation of the World Area Forecast System (WAFS), the global Graphical Turbulence Guidance (G-GTG) has been developed using global numerical weather prediction (NWP) model outputs as an input to compute a set of turbulence …
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Snow Precipitation Measured by Gauges: Systematic Error Estimation and Data Series Correction in the Central Italian Alps Open
Precipitation measurements by rain gauges are usually affected by a systematic underestimation, which can be larger in case of snowfall. The wind, disturbing the trajectory of the falling water droplets or snowflakes above the rain gauge, …
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Combined Winds and Turbulence Prediction System for Automated Air-Traffic Management Applications Open
A time-lagged ensemble of energy dissipation rate (EDR)-scale turbulence metrics is evaluated against in situ EDR observations from commercial aircraft over the contiguous United States and applied to air-traffic management (ATM) route pla…
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Seasonal Variability of the Daytime and Nighttime Atmospheric Turbulence Experienced by InSight on Mars Open
The InSight mission, featuring continuous high-frequency high-sensitivity pressure measurements, is in ideal position to study the active atmospheric turbulence of Mars. Data acquired during 1.25 Martian year allows us to study the seasona…
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Turbulence role in the fate of virus-containing droplets in violent expiratory events Open
Violent expiratory events, such as coughing and sneezing, are highly nontrivial examples of a two-phase mixture of liquid droplets dispersed into an unsteady turbulent airflow. Understanding the physical mechanisms determining the dispersi…
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Schneefernerhaus as a mountain research station for clouds and turbulence Open
Cloud measurements are usually carried out with airborne campaigns, which are expensive and are limited by temporal duration and weather conditions. Ground-based measurements at high-altitude research stations therefore play a complementar…
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Multi‐model ensemble predictions of aviation turbulence Open
Turbulence remains one of the leading causes of aviation incidents. Climate change is predicted to increase the occurrence of clear‐air turbulence and therefore forecasting turbulence will become more important in the future. Currently, th…
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A New Horizontal Length Scale for a Three-Dimensional Turbulence Parameterization in Mesoscale Atmospheric Modeling over Highly Complex Terrain Open
The correct simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) in highly complex terrain is a challenge for mesoscale numerical weather prediction models. An improvement in model performance is possible if horizontal contributions to turbu…
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Kelvin‐Helmholtz Billow Interactions and Instabilities in the Mesosphere Over the Andes Lidar Observatory: 1. Observations Open
A very high spatial resolution ( ∼ 25 m pixel at 90 km altitude) OH airglow imager was installed at the Andes Lidar Observatory on Cerro Pachón, Chile, in February 2016. This instrument was collocated with a Na wind‐temperature lidar. On 1…
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A Computational Fluid‐Dynamics Assessment of the Improved Performance of Aerodynamic Rain Gauges Open
The airflow surrounding any catching‐type rain gauge when impacted by wind is deformed by the presence of the gauge body, resulting in the acceleration of wind above the orifice of the gauge, which deflects raindrops and snowflakes away fr…
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Air curtain as a barrier for smoke in case of fire: Numerical modelling Open
This paper presents the basic information about the use of air curtains in fire safety, as a barrier for heat and smoke. The mathematical model of an air curtain presented allows to estimate the velocity of air in various points of space, …
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Reviewing the impacts of climate change on air transport operations Open
Climate change is increasing global-mean tropospheric temperatures, but the localised trends are uneven, including cooling the lower stratosphere and lifting the tropopause. The wind speeds are also being modified, both at the surface and …
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The Impact of Atmospheric Turbulence on Terahertz Communication Open
The application prospect of terahertz (THz) has been vastly enriched because it has the advantages of good penetrating power, high security, accurate directionality, and high bandwidth. Moreover, it is found that the atmospheric instabilit…
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Environment and Mechanisms of Severe Turbulence in a Midlatitude Cyclone Open
A large midlatitude cyclone occurred over the central United States from 0000 to 1800 UTC 30 April 2017. During this period, there were more than 1100 reports of moderate-or-greater turbulence at commercial aviation cruising altitudes east…
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Estimating refractivity from propagation loss in turbulent media Open
This paper estimates lower atmospheric refractivity (M‐profile) given an electromagnetic (EM) propagation loss (PL) measurement. Specifically, height‐independent PL measurements over a range of 10–80 km are used to infer information about …
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Study of Snow Accumulation on a High-Speed Train’s Bogies Based on the Discrete Phase Model Open
During winters, the high-speed train travels in the northern of China is struck by to the snow, ice and coldness, massive snow accumulating on the bogies. To understand the cause of snow packing on the high-speed train's bogies clearly, th…
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High‐Resolution Aircraft Observations of Turbulence and Waves in the Free Atmosphere and Comparison With Global Model Predictions Open
High‐resolution flight data obtained from in situ measurements in the free atmosphere aboard the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) are used to determine eddy dissipation rates along extended flights during the recent So…
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Comparing turbulent parameters obtained from LITOS and radiosonde measurements Open
Stratospheric turbulence is important for the mixing of trace species and the energy balance, but direct measurements are sparse due to the required resolution and accuracy. Recently, turbulence parameters such as the energy dissipation ra…
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Aviation turbulence encounters detected from aircraft observations: spatiotemporal characteristics and application to Korean Aviation Turbulence Guidance Open
Using observational data from Korean Air Lines (KAL) Boeing (B) 737-800, B777-200 and B777-300 flights from January to December 2012, the derived equivalent vertical gust velocity (DEVG) was calculated as a turbulence indicator. Based on 1…
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Spatiotemporal characteristics of atmospheric turbulence over China estimated using operational high-resolution soundings Open
Large-scale in situ observations are sorely lacking, leading to poor understanding of nationwide atmospheric turbulence over China. Nevertheless, high-resolution soundings have become available starting in 2011, providing a unique opportun…
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Influence of meteorological phenomena on worldwide aircraft accidents, 1967–2010 Open
Based on the information available in databases from relevant national and international organizations from 1967 to 2010, an A viation W eather A ccidents D atabase ( AWAD ) was built. According to the AWAD , the weather is the primary cau…
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Implementation of Dryden Continuous Turbulence Model into Simulink for LSA-02 Flight Test Simulation Open
Turbulence is a movement of air on small scale in the atmosphere that caused by instabilities of pressure and temperature distribution. Turbulence model is integrated into flight mechanical model as an atmospheric disturbance. Common turbu…
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Thermal Submeso Motions in the Nocturnal Stable Boundary Layer. Part 2: Generating Mechanisms and Implications Open
In the stable boundary layer, thermal submesofronts (TSFs) are detected during the Shallow Cold Pool experiment in the Colorado plains, Colorado, USA in 2012. The topography induces TSFs by forming two different air layers converging on th…
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Structure of Atmospheric Turbulence Open
Turbulence is a phenomenon observed in the motions of fluids and gases [...]