Gasoline direct injection ≈ Gasoline direct injection
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A Review of Particulate Number (PN) Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Engines and Their Control Techniques Open
Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, particularly Particle Number (PN) emissions, have been studied intensively in both academia and industry because of the adverse effects of ultrafine PM emissio…
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Effect of cold start emissions from gasoline-fueled engines of light-duty vehicles at low and high ambient temperatures: Recent trends Open
The cold-start condition is an important factor affecting vehicle emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) and port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles. This paper studied the recent trends in cold-start emissive behavior with the impact o…
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European Regulatory Framework and Particulate Matter Emissions of Gasoline Light-Duty Vehicles: A Review Open
The particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline vehicles were much lower than those of diesel vehicles until the introduction of diesel particulate filters (DPFs) in the early 2000s. At the same time, gasoline direct injection (GDI) engi…
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First Study on Ammonia Spray Characteristics with a Current GDI Engine Injector Open
Using carbon free energy sources is one of the keys to mitigate climate change. Hydrogen promises to be one of these carbon free energies, but its storage is difficult and expensive. Ammonia, however, is interesting as it can store hydroge…
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Invited Review: Combustion instability in spray-guided stratified-charge engines: A review Open
This article reviews systematic research on combustion instabilities (principally rare, random misfires and partial burns) in spray-guided stratified-charge (SGSC) engines operated at part load with highly stratified fuel -air -residual mi…
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Investigation of vehicle exhaust sub-23 nm particle emissions Open
A solid particle number limit was applied to the European legislation for diesel vehicles in 2011. Extension to gasoline direct injection vehicles raised concerns because many studies found particles below the lower size limit of the metho…
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Gas-phase composition and secondary organic aerosol formation from standard and particle filter-retrofitted gasoline direct injection vehicles investigated in a batch and flow reactor Open
Gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles have recently been identified as a significant source of carbonaceous aerosol, of both primary and secondary origin. Here we investigated primary emissions and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from f…
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Comparison of primary aerosol emission and secondary aerosol formation from gasoline direct injection and port fuel injection vehicles Open
Gasoline vehicles significantly contribute to urban particulate matter (PM) pollution. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, known for their higher fuel efficiency than that of port fuel injection (PFI) engines, have been increasingly e…
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Emission Factors Derived from 13 Euro 6b Light-Duty Vehicles Based on Laboratory and On-Road Measurements Open
Tailpipe emissions of a pool of 13 Euro 6b light-duty vehicles (eight diesel and five gasoline-powered) were measured over an extensive experimental campaign that included laboratory (chassis dynamometer), and on-road tests (using a portab…
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Comparison of regulated emission factors of Euro 6 LDV in Nordic temperatures and cold start conditions: Diesel- and gasoline direct-injection Open
Local air pollution in Norwegian wintertime is characterized by an increase in NO2 concentrations, due to poor dispersion and increased vehicle emissions. The focus of this study is therefore the characterisation of exhaust vehicle emissio…
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Simulations of ammonia spray evaporation, cooling, mixture formation and combustion in a direct injection compression ignition engine Open
This study investigates the novel approach of direct liquid ammonia injection into the combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine. Unlike traditional gaseous ammonia port injection, this method shows promise in reducing ammonia sl…
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Gasoline Direct Injection: An Efficient Technology Open
Most of the researchers wanted to work with diesel engine because of complexity in the gasoline engine. Author tried to review gasoline direct injection (GDI) a new technology in the gasoline engine with the objective to motivate the resea…
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Comparison of Vehicle Exhaust Particle Size Distributions Measured by SMPS and EEPS During Steady-State Conditions Open
Fast-sizing spectrometers, such as the TSI Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS), have been widely used to measure transient particle size distributions of vehicle exhaust. Recently, size distributions measured during different test cycles …
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Assessing the Climate Trade-Offs of Gasoline Direct Injection Engines Open
Compared to port fuel injection (PFI) engine exhaust, gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine exhaust has higher emissions of black carbon (BC), a climate-warming pollutant. However, the relative increase in BC emissions and climate trade-o…
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Gasoline Fueled Pre-Chamber Ignition System for a Light-Duty Passenger Car Engine with Extended Lean Limit Open
In this work, a light-duty research engine based on a passenger car engine is equipped with an in-house developed pre-chamber (PC) ignition system replacing the conventional spark plug. By using such kind of ignition system, the combustion…
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Collaborative investigation of the internal flow and near-nozzle flow of an eight-hole gasoline injector (Engine Combustion Network Spray G) Open
The internal details of fuel injectors have a profound impact on the emissions from gasoline direct injection engines. However, the impact of injector design features is not currently understood, due to the difficulty in observing and mode…
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Numerical modelling of fuel spray formation and collapse from multi-hole injectors under flash-boiling conditions Open
Flash-boiling of fuel sprays can occur when the fuel enters a metastable superheated state, which is common in direct-injection spark-ignition engines operating at low in-cylinder pressures and/or hot fuel temperatures. The effect of flash…
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Technical note: Emission factors, chemical composition, and morphology of particles emitted from Euro 5 diesel and gasoline light-duty vehicles during transient cycles Open
Changes in engine technologies and after-treatment devices can profoundly alter the chemical composition of the emitted pollutants. To investigate these effects, we characterized the emitted particles' chemical composition of three diesel …
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Effect of ethanol blending on particulate formation from premixed combustion in spark-ignition engines Open
Particulate formation due to combustion of a wide range of ethanol-gasoline blends were investigated in an internal combustion engine. The engine used for this study is a single-cylinder research engine, the architecture of which is repres…
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Impact of ethanol blending on particulate emissions from a spark-ignition direct-injection engine Open
Particulate formation due to combustion of a wide range of ethanol-gasoline blends was investigated in a spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) engine. This study is a follow-up to a previous study done by the authors in which particulate …
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Potential dual effect of anthropogenic emissions on the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) Open
The fraction of gasoline direct-injection (GDI) vehicles comprising the total vehicle pool is projected to increase in the future. However, thorough knowledge about the influence of GDI engines on important atmospheric chemistry processes …
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Flame Front Propagation in an Optical GDI Engine under Stoichiometric and Lean Burn Conditions Open
Lean fueling of spark ignited (SI) engines is a valid method for increasing efficiency and reducing nitric oxide (NOx) emissions. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) allows better fuel economy with respect to the port-fuel injection configurat…
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The effect of fuel composition on particulate emissions from a highly boosted GDI engine – An evaluation of three particulate indices Open
Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines equipped with a turbocharger or supercharger (known as boosted engines) have achieved significant market penetration due to their advantages in reducing CO2 emissions compared to Port Fuel Injection …
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Effect of Operation Strategy on First Cycle CO, HC, and PM/PN Emissions in a GDI Engine Open
The impact of the operating strategy on emissions from the first combustion cycle during cranking was studied quantitatively in a production gasoline direct injection engine. A single injection early in the compression cycle after IVC give…
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Investigation of the Impact of Fuel Properties on Particulate Number Emission of a Modern Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Open
Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) has become the preferred technology for spark-ignition engines resulting in greater specific power output and lower fuel consumption, and consequently reduction in CO2 emission. However, GDI engines face a s…
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Effects on Knock Intensity and Specific Fuel Consumption of Port Water/Methanol Injection in a Turbocharged GDI Engine: Comparative Analysis Open
The recent rise in fuel prices, the need both to reduce ground transport-generated emissions (increasingly constrained by legislation) and to improve urban air quality have brought fuel-efficient, low-emissions powertrain technologies at t…
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Review of Particle Filters for Internal Combustion Engines Open
Diesel engines have gradually become one of the main forces in the human transportation industry because of their high efficiency, good durability, and stable operation. However, compared with gasoline vehicles, the high emission of diesel…
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An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Efficiency and Emissions of a Gasoline Engine Open
With global warming, and internal combustion engine emissions as the main global non-industrial emissions, how to further optimize the power performance and emissions of internal combustion engines (ICEs) has become a top priority. Since t…
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Impact of injection strategies on combustion characteristics, efficiency and emissions of gasoline compression ignition operation in a heavy-duty multi-cylinder engine Open
Gasoline compression ignition using a single gasoline-type fuel for direct/port injection has been shown as a method to achieve low-temperature combustion with low engine-out NO x and soot emissions and high indicated thermal efficiency. H…
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Effect of Premixed Fuel Preparation for Partially Premixed Combustion With a Low Octane Gasoline on a Light-Duty Multicylinder Compression Ignition Engine Open
Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) concepts with the majority of the fuel being introduced early in the cycle are known as partially premixed combustion (PPC). Previous research on single- and multicylinder engines has shown that PPC has …