Ursus ≈ Ursus
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The Gut Microbiota Modulates Energy Metabolism in the Hibernating Brown Bear Ursus arctos Open
Hibernation is an adaptation that helps many animals to conserve energy during food shortage in winter. Brown bears double their fat depots during summer and use these stored lipids during hibernation. Although bears seasonally become obes…
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New Archaeological Evidence for an Early Human Presence at Monte Verde, Chile Open
Questions surrounding the chronology, place, and character of the initial human colonization of the Americas are a long-standing focus of debate. Interdisciplinary debate continues over the timing of entry, the rapidity and direction of di…
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Fear of the human “super predator” far exceeds the fear of large carnivores in a model mesocarnivore Open
The fear (perceived predation risk) large carnivores inspire in mesocarnivores can affect ecosystem structure and function, and loss of the "landscape of fear" large carnivores create adds to concerns regarding the worldwide loss of large …
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Large carnivore expansion in Europe is associated with human population density and land cover changes Open
Aim The recent recovery of large carnivores in Europe has been explained as resulting from a decrease in human persecution driven by widespread rural land abandonment, paralleled by forest cover increase and the consequent increase in avai…
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Brown bear attacks on humans: a worldwide perspective Open
The increasing trend of large carnivore attacks on humans not only raises human safety concerns but may also undermine large carnivore conservation efforts. Although rare, attacks by brown bears Ursus arctos are also on the rise and, altho…
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Seasonal and annual variation in the diet of brown bears <i>Ursus arctos</i> in the boreal forest of southcentral Sweden Open
Understanding a species' feeding ecology is essential for successful management and conservation, because food abundance can influence body mass, survival, reproductive success, movements, and habitat use. We describe annual and seasonal v…
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Physiological evidence for a human-induced landscape of fear in brown bears (Ursus arctos) Open
Human persecution is a major cause of mortality for large carnivores. Consequently, large carnivores avoid humans, but may use human-dominated landscapes by being nocturnal and elusive. Behavioral studies indicate that certain ecological s…
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Conflict Misleads Large Carnivore Management and Conservation: Brown Bears and Wolves in Spain Open
Large carnivores inhabiting human-dominated landscapes often interact with people and their properties, leading to conflict scenarios that can mislead carnivore management and, ultimately, jeopardize conservation. In northwest Spain, brown…
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Wildlife in a Politically Divided World: Insularism Inflates Estimates of Brown Bear Abundance Open
Political borders dictate how biological diversity is monitored and managed,
\nyet wild animals often move freely between jurisdictions. We quantified bias
\nin brown bear (Ursus arctos) abundance estimates introduced when analytical
\nmeth…
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Genomic Evidence of Widespread Admixture from Polar Bears into Brown Bears during the Last Ice Age Open
Recent genomic analyses have provided substantial evidence for past periods of gene flow from polar bears (Ursus maritimus) into Alaskan brown bears (Ursus arctos), with some analyses suggesting a link between climate change and genomic in…
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SIDER: an R package for predicting trophic discrimination factors of consumers based on their ecology and phylogenetic relatedness Open
Stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) are an important tool used to study species' trophic ecology. These models are dependent on, and sensitive to, the choice of trophic discrimination factors (TDF) representing the offset in stable isotop…
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Patterns and correlates of claims for brown bear damage on a continental scale Open
Summary Wildlife damage to human property threatens human–wildlife coexistence. Conflicts arising from wildlife damage in intensively managed landscapes often undermine conservation efforts, making damage mitigation and compensation of spe…
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Fast food bears: brown bear diet in a human‐dominated landscape with intensive supplemental feeding Open
Distribution, quantity and quality of food resources affect the diet and several other life‐history traits of large mammals. Supplemental feeding of wildlife has high potential for influencing the behaviour and diet of opportunistic omnivo…
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Human shields mediate sexual conflict in a top predator Open
Selecting the right habitat in a risky landscape is crucial for an individual's survival and reproduction. In predator–prey systems, prey often can anticipate the habitat use of their main predator and may use protective associates (i.e. t…
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Chronic wasting disease in Europe: new strains on the horizon Open
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders with known natural occurrence in humans and a few other mammalian species. The diseases are experimentally transmissible, and the agent is derived from the host-encoded cellular prion pr…
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Impacts of Human Recreation on Brown Bears (Ursus arctos): A Review and New Management Tool Open
Increased popularity of recreational activities in natural areas has led to the need to better understand their impacts on wildlife. The majority of research conducted to date has focused on behavioral effects from individual recreations, …
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Phylogeographic Analyses of American Black Bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) Suggest Four Glacial Refugia and Complex Patterns of Postglacial Admixture Open
Studies of species with continental distributions continue to identify intraspecific lineages despite continuous habitat. Lineages may form due to isolation by distance, adaptation, divergence across barriers, or genetic drift following ra…
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Effects of habitat quality and access management on the density of a recovering grizzly bear population Open
Human activities have dramatic effects on the distribution and abundance of wildlife. Increased road densities and human presence in wilderness areas have elevated human‐caused mortality of grizzly bears and reduced bears' use. Management …
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Foraging ecology of black bears in urban environments: guidance for human‐bear conflict mitigation Open
Urban environments offer wildlife novel anthropogenic resources that vary spatiotemporally at fine scales. Property damage, economic losses, human injury, or other human‐wildlife conflicts can occur when wildlife use these resources; howev…
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Bears and berries: species-specific selective foraging on a patchily distributed food resource in a human-altered landscape Open
Food resources heterogeneity, caused by spatial and temporal variation of specific foods, poses a challenge to foragers, particularly when faced with extraordinary energy-demanding events, like hibernation. Brown bears in Sweden inhabit a …
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Automated facial recognition for wildlife that lack unique markings: A deep learning approach for brown bears Open
Emerging technologies support a new era of applied wildlife research, generating data on scales from individuals to populations. Computer vision methods can process large datasets generated through image‐based techniques by automating the …
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Current status, distribution, and conservation of brown bear (Ursidae) andwild canids (gray wolf, golden jackal, and red fox; Canidae) in Turkey Open
Turkey has viable populations of many carnivore species of the Western Palearctic. Among those, ursids and canids are represented by brown bear (Ursus arctos) and 3 canid species, gray wolf (Canis lupus), golden jackal (Canis aureus), and …
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Grizzly bear response to spatio‐temporal variability in human recreational activity Open
Outdoor recreation on trail networks is a growing form of disturbance for wildlife. However, few studies have examined behavioural responses by large carnivores to motorised and non‐motorised recreational activity — a knowledge gap that ha…
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Beyond the snapshot: Landscape genetic analysis of time series data reveal responses of American black bears to landscape change Open
Landscape genetic studies typically focus on the evolutionary processes that give rise to spatial patterns that are quantified at a single point in time. Although landscape change is widely recognized as a strong driver of microevolutionar…
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Integrating resource selection into spatial capture‐recapture models for large carnivores Open
Wildlife managers need reliable methods to estimate large carnivore densities and population trends; yet large carnivores are elusive, difficult to detect, and occur at low densities making traditional approaches intractable. Recent advanc…
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A review of sarcoptic mange in North American wildlife Open
The "itch mite" or "mange mite", Sarcoptes scabiei, causes scabies in humans and sarcoptic mange in domestic and free-ranging animals. This mite has a wide host range due to its ability to adapt to new hosts and has been spread across the …
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Evolutionary and ecological traps for brown bears <i>Ursus arctos</i> in human‐modified landscapes Open
Evolutionary traps, and their derivative, ecological traps, occur when animals make maladaptive decisions based on seemingly reliable environmental cues, and are important mechanistic explanations for declines in animal populations. Despit…
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Wolves, people, and brown bears influence the expansion of the recolonizing wolf population in Scandinavia Open
Interspecific competition can influence the distribution and abundance of species and the structure of ecological communities and entire ecosystems. Interactions between apex predators can have cascading effects through the entire natural …
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Identifying potential areas of expansion for the endangered brown bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain) Open
Many large carnivore populations are expanding into human-modified landscapes and the subsequent increase in coexistence between humans and large carnivores may intensify various types of conflicts. A proactive management approach is criti…
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Hibernation induces widespread transcriptional remodeling in metabolic tissues of the grizzly bear Open
Revealing the mechanisms underlying the reversible physiology of hibernation could have applications to both human and animal health as hibernation is often associated with disease-like states. The present study uses RNA-sequencing to reve…