Wind profiler
View article: Sensitivity of boundary-layer variables to PBL schemes in the WRF model based on surface meteorological observations, lidar, and radiosondes during the HygrA-CD campaign
Sensitivity of boundary-layer variables to PBL schemes in the WRF model based on surface meteorological observations, lidar, and radiosondes during the HygrA-CD campaign Open
Air quality forecast systems need reliable and accurate representations of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) to perform well. An important question is how accurately numerical weather prediction models can reproduce conditions in diverse …
View article
An assessment of the performance of a 1.5 μm Doppler lidar for operational vertical wind profiling based on a 1-year trial Open
We present the results of a 1-year quasi-operational testing of the 1.5 μm StreamLine Doppler lidar developed by Halo Photonics from 2 October 2012 to 2 October 2013. The system was configured to continuously perform a velocity-azimuth dis…
View article
Convective cloud vertical velocity and mass‐flux characteristics from radar wind profiler observations during GoAmazon2014/5 Open
A radar wind profiler data set collected during the 2 year Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign is used to estimate convective cloud vertical v…
View article
Updraft and Downdraft Core Size and Intensity as Revealed by Radar Wind Profilers: MCS Observations and Idealized Model Comparisons Open
This study explores the updraft and downdraft properties of mature stage mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in terms of draft core width, shape, intensity, and mass flux characteristics. The observations use extended radar wind profiler (…
View article
Dual‐frequency radar Doppler spectral retrieval of rain drop size distributions and entangled dynamics variables Open
A novel technique based on K a ‐W band dual‐wavelength Doppler spectra has been developed for the simultaneous retrieval of binned rain drop size distributions (DSD) and air state parameters like vertical wind and air broadening caused by …
View article
Observations of the variability of shallow trade wind cumulus cloudiness and mass flux Open
Two years of ground‐based remote sensing observations are used to study the vertical structure of marine cumulus near the island of Barbados, including their cloud fraction and mass flux profile. Daily radar derived cloud fraction profiles…
View article
Ship- and island-based atmospheric soundings from the 2020 EUREC <sup>4</sup> A field campaign Open
To advance the understanding of the interplay among clouds, convection, and circulation, and its role in climate change, the Elucidating the role of clouds–circulation coupling in climate campaign (EUREC4A) and Atlantic Tradewind Ocean–Atm…
View article
Microphysical investigation of the seeder and feeder region of an Alpine mixed-phase cloud Open
The seeder–feeder mechanism has been observed to enhance orographic precipitation in previous studies. However, the microphysical processes active in the seeder and feeder region are still being understood. In this paper, we investigate th…
View article
An Inter-Comparison Study of Multi- and DBS Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain Open
Wind measurements using classical profiling lidars suffer from systematic measurement errors in complex terrain. Moreover, their ability to measure turbulence quantities is unsatisfactory for wind-energy applications. This paper presents r…
View article
The Characteristics of Tropical and Midlatitude Mesoscale Convective Systems as Revealed by Radar Wind Profilers Open
This study contrasts characteristics of mature squall‐line mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) observed by extended ground‐based radar wind profiler (RWP) deployments from the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement pro…
View article
Relationship analysis of PM <sub>2.5</sub> and boundary layer height using an aerosol and turbulence detection lidar Open
The atmospheric boundary layer height (BLH) is a key parameter in weather forecasting and air quality prediction. To investigate the relationship between BLH and air pollution under different conditions, a compact micro-pulse lidar integra…
View article
Characterization of the atmospheric boundary layer in a narrow tropical valley using remote‐sensing and radiosonde observations and the WRF model: the Aburrá Valley case‐study Open
The spatiotemporal evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), in a narrow, highly complex terrain located in the Colombian Andes, is studied using radiosondes and remote‐sensing equipment. Different techniques are implemented to au…
View article
Boundary layer evolution over the central Himalayas from radio wind profilerand model simulations Open
We investigate the time evolution of the Local Boundary Layer (LBL) for the first time over a mountain ridge at Nainital (79.5° E, 29.4° N, 1958 m a.m.s.l.) in the central Himalayan region, using a radar wind profiler (RWP) during November…
View article
Climatological characteristics of raindrop size distributions in Busan, Republic of Korea Open
Raindrop size distribution (DSD) characteristics within the complex area of Busan, Republic of Korea (35.12° N, 129.10° E), were studied using a Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System (POSS) disdrometer over a 4-year period from 24 Februar…
View article
The Green Ocean: precipitation insights from the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment Open
This study summarizes the precipitation properties collected during the GoAmazon2014/5 campaign near Manaus in central Amazonia, Brazil. Precipitation breakdowns, summary radar rainfall relationships and self-consistency concepts from a co…
View article
Wind Hazard and Turbulence Monitoring at Airports with Lidar, Radar, and Mode-S Downlinks: The UFO Project Open
This article presents the prospects of measurement systems for wind hazards and turbulence at airports, which have been explored in the Ultrafast Wind Sensors (UFO) project. At France’s Toulouse–Blagnac Airport, in situ, profiling, and sca…
View article
Ice crystal number concentration from lidar, cloud radar and radar wind profiler measurements Open
A new method for the retrieval of ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) from combined active remote-sensing measurements of Raman lidar, cloud radar and radar wind profiler is presented. We exploit – for the first time – measurements of …
View article
Characteristics and performance of wind profiles as observed by the radar wind profiler network of China Open
Wind profiles are fundamental to the research and applications in boundary layer meteorology, air quality and numerical weather prediction. Large-scale wind profile data have been previously documented from network observations in several …
View article
Observational analysis of the daily cycle of the planetary boundary layer in the central Amazon during a non-El Niño year and El Niño year (GoAmazon project 2014/5) Open
The Amazon biome contains more than half of the remaining tropical forests of the planet and has a strong impact on aspects of meteorology such as the planetary boundary layer (PBL). In this context, the objective of this study was to cond…
View article
Combined vertical-velocity observations with Doppler lidar, cloud radar and wind profiler Open
Case studies of combined vertical-velocity measurements of Doppler lidar, cloud radar and wind profiler are presented. The measurements were taken at the Meteorological Observatory, Lindenberg, Germany. Synergistic products are presented t…
View article
Tropical continental downdraft characteristics: mesoscale systems versus unorganized convection Open
Downdrafts and cold pool characteristics for strong mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and isolated, unorganized deep precipitating convection are analyzed using multi-instrument data from the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) G…
View article
Diurnal Valley Winds in a Deep Alpine Valley: Observations Open
Diurnal valley winds frequently form over complex topography, particularly under fair weather conditions, and have a significant impact on the local weather and climate. Since diurnal valley winds result from complex and multi-scale intera…
View article
The NASA High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler Open
The High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP) is a dual-frequency (Ka- and Ku-bands), dual-beam (30° and 40° incidence angles), and conical scanning Doppler radar designed for operation on the NASA high-altitude (~19 k…
View article
Observations of the Development and Vertical Structure of the Lake-Breeze Circulation during the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study Open
Ground-based thermodynamic and kinematic profilers were placed adjacent to the western shore of Lake Michigan at two sites as part of the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study. The southern site near Zion, Illinois, hosted a microwave radiometer …
View article
An Airborne and Ground-Based Study of a Long-Lived and Intense Atmospheric River with Mesoscale Frontal Waves Impacting California during CalWater-2014 Open
The wettest period during the CalWater-2014 winter field campaign occurred with a long-lived, intense atmospheric river (AR) that impacted California on 7–10 February. The AR was maintained in conjunction with the development and propagati…
View article
A Satellite‐Based Estimate of Convective Vertical Velocity and Convective Mass Flux: Global Survey and Comparison With Radar Wind Profiler Observations Open
Convective vertical velocity ( w c ) and convective mass flux ( M c ) lie at the heart of global climate model cumulus parameterizations, but few observations of these critical parameters are available. This paper develops and evaluates a …
View article
Simulation of urban boundary and canopy layer flows in port areas induced by different marine boundary layer inflow conditions Open
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and wind-tunnel (WT) tests can be considered as boundary-value problems, where the inlet boundary condition, which is usually obtained inferring inlet mean wind profiles from on-site measureme…
View article
Assimilating surface observations in a four-dimensional variational Doppler radar data assimilation system to improve the analysis and forecast of a squall line case Open
This paper examines how assimilating surface observations can improve the analysis and forecast ability of a fourdimensional Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System (VDRAS). Observed surface temperature and winds are assimilated together…
View article
The Relation between Nocturnal MCS Evolution and Its Outflow Boundaries in the Stable Boundary Layer: An Observational Study of the 15 July 2015 MCS in PECAN Open
The vertical structures of a leading outflow boundary ahead of a continental nocturnal MCS and of the upstream environment are examined in order to answer the question of whether this vertical structure affects new cell formation and thus …
View article
Large eddy simulation for atmospheric boundary layer flow over flat and complex terrains Open
In this work, we present Large Eddy Simulation (LES) results of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flow over complex terrain with neutral stratification using the OpenFOAM-based simulator for on/offshore wind farm applications (SOWFA). The c…