Uranium oxide
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A graphene oxide/amidoxime hydrogel for enhanced uranium capture Open
The efficient development of selective materials for the recovery of uranium from nuclear waste and seawater is necessary for their potential application in nuclear fuel and the mitigation of nuclear pollution. In this work, a graphene oxi…
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Uranium In Situ Electrolytic Deposition with a Reusable Functional Graphene‐Foam Electrode Open
Nuclear fission produces 400 GWe which represents 11% of the global electricity output. Uranium is the essential element as both fission fuel and radioactive waste. Therefore, the recovery of uranium is of great importance. Here, an in sit…
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Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials for Uranium Adsorptive Uptake Open
The growth of nuclear power generation and the necessity to acquire uranium reserves for energy security and pollution regulation for environmental protection put much emphasis on the removal and recovery of uranium from aqueous solutions.…
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Isotopic signature and nano-texture of cesium-rich micro-particles: Release of uranium and fission products from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Open
Highly radioactive cesium-rich microparticles (CsMPs) released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) provide nano-scale chemical fingerprints of the 2011 tragedy. U, Cs, Ba, Rb, K, and Ca isotopic ratios were determined on…
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the reduction and oxidation of uranium and cerium single oxide compared to (U-Ce) mixed oxide films Open
Thin films of uranium cerium mixed oxides UxCe1−xO2±y have been prepared by DC sputtering and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Reduction and oxidation properties were analysed by exposing the films to atomic hydroge…
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Structure and Reactivity of X-ray Amorphous Uranyl Peroxide, U<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Open
Recent accidents resulting in worker injury and radioactive contamination occurred due to pressurization of uranium yellowcake drums produced in the western U.S.A. The drums contained an X-ray amorphous reactive form of uranium oxide that …
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Standoff Detection of Uranium and its Isotopes by Femtosecond Filament Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry Open
The ability to perform not only elementally but also isotopically sensitive detection and analysis at standoff distances is impor-tant for remote sensing applications in diverse ares, such as nuclear nonproliferation, environmental monitor…
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Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Uranium Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (HH LIBS) Open
A portable handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (HH LIBS) instrument was evaluated as a rapid method to qualitatively analyze rare earth elements in a uranium oxide matrix. This research is motivated by the need for development of…
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U(<span>v</span>) in metal uranates: a combined experimental and theoretical study of MgUO<sub>4</sub>, CrUO<sub>4</sub>, and FeUO<sub>4</sub> Open
Although pentavalent uranium can exist in aqueous solution, its presence in the solid state is uncommon.
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Distribution of metallic fission-product particles in the cladding liner of spent nuclear fuel Open
We have made observations of noble metal phase fission-product agglomerates and gaseous xenon within the fuel-cladding interaction (FCI) zone of a high-burnup UO 2 fuel. The FCI is the boundary between the UO 2 pellet outer surface and the…
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A density functional theory study of uranium-doped thoria and uranium adatoms on the major surfaces of thorium dioxide Open
Thorium dioxide is of significant research interest for its use as a nuclear fuel, particularly as part of mixed oxide fuels. We present the results of a DFT study of uranium-substituted thorium dioxide, where we found that increasing leve…
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Facile Oxide to Chalcogenide Conversion for Actinides Using the Boron–Chalcogen Mixture Method Open
Actinide chalcogenides are of interest for fundamental studies of the behavior of 5f electrons in actinides located in a soft ligand coordination environment. As actinides exhibit an extremely high affinity for oxygen, the synthesis of pha…
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Measurement of uranium-236 in particles by secondary ion mass spectrometry Open
The determination of the relative isotopic abundance by secondary ion mass spectrometry of 236U in uranium-containing material is complicated by the presence of 235U1H+ ions at the same nominal mass as the uranium isotopic peak.
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High Useful Yield and Isotopic Analysis of Uranium by Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry Open
Useful yields from resonance ionization mass spectrometry can be extremely high compared to other mass spectrometry techniques, but uranium analysis shows strong matrix effects arising from the tendency of uranium to form strongly bound ox…
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Microscale Isotopic Variation in Uranium Fuel Pellets with Implications for Nuclear Forensics Open
Until recently, the analysis and identification of nuclear fuel pellets in the context of a nuclear forensics investigation have been mainly focused on macroscopic characteristics, such as fuel pellet dimensions, uranium enrichment, and ot…
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Distribution and Fractionation of Uranium in Weapon Tested Range Soils Open
Uranium is a chemically toxic and radioactive heavy metal. Depleted uranium (DU) is the byproduct of the uranium enrichment process, with a majority of U as uranium-238, and a lower content of the fissile isotope uranium-235 than natural u…
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Elucidating uranium monoxide spectral features from a laser-produced plasma Open
Uranium, because of its pyrophoricity, oxidizes rapidly in an oxygen-containing high-temperature environment. However, so far, the identification of uranium oxide (UO) emission from a laser-produced plasma system is limited to a spectral f…
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Tracking of oxide formation in laser-produced uranium plasmas Open
We use a spatially and temporally resolved emission tracking technique based on optical emission spectroscopy to map the evolution of emission features from uranium and its compounds in a plasma produced by a nanosecond laser. We observe q…
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Recovery of uranium from residue generated during Mo-99 production, using organic solvent extraction Open
During the production of the medical isotope Mo-99, the uranium and some fission products are precipitated as residue of mixed hydrated oxides. However, the PUREX extraction of uranium, plutonium is extracted, raising proliferation issues.…
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The critical role of hydrogen on the stability of oxy-hydroxyl defect clusters in uranium oxide Open
Despite considerable work applying ab initio techniques to model the role of defects on mechanical, structural and electronic properties of oxides, there has been little on the role of trapped hydrogen, despite it being virtually always pr…
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New Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry Scheme for Improved Uranium Analysis Open
Resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) combines tunable laser spectroscopy with mass spectrometry to provide a high-efficiency means of analyzing solid materials. We previously showed a very high useful yield of 24% for analysis of …
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Rapid isotopic analysis of uranium particles by laser ablation MC-ICP-MS Open
In this study, we use laser ablation MC-ICP-MS as a rapid sampling tool to characterize the isotopic composition of uranium in μm-sized uranium oxide particles.
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Thermal transport study in actinide oxides with point defects Open
We use a molecular dynamics simulation to explore thermal transport in oxide nuclear fuels with point defects. The effect of vacancy and substitutional defects on the thermal conductivity of plutonium dioxide and uranium dioxide is investi…
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Assessment of ORIGEN Reactor Library Development for Pebble-Bed Reactors Based on the PBMR-400 Benchmark Open
This report provides an evaluation of present SCALE capabilities for modeling depletion of pebble-bed reactor systems, using the PBMR-400 benchmark as a test case. A specific aim of this work is to understand the system characteristics req…
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Evaluation and Specifications for In-Line Uranium Separations Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) Detection for Trace Elemental Analysis Open
Automated introduction platforms integrated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) systems are continuously being improved. Expanding on the introduction systems, a newly developed automated ion chromatogra…
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Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Monitoring of Interactions of Oxide Ion with U (III) and Ln (III) (Ln = Nd, Ce, and La) in LiCl-KCl Melts Open
Using cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis absorption spectroscopic methods, we studied the precipitation reactions of trivalent uranium and lanthanides (Nd, Ce, and La) with the oxide ion in LiCl-KCl molten salts, which are likely side reactions…
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Latest improvements in isotopic uranium particle analysis by large geometry–secondary ion mass spectrometry for nuclear safeguards purposes Open
Large geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry can be efficiently used to analyze uranium aerosol particles from dust samples in the search for undeclared nuclear activities. Automated sample screening measurements are followed by more pre…
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Melting behaviour of uranium-americium mixed oxides under different atmospheres Open
In the context of a comprehensive campaign for the characterisation of transmutation fuels for next generation nuclear reactors, the melting behaviour of mixed uranium-americium dioxides has been experimentally studied for the first time b…
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Fabricating Fukushima Daiichi in-vessel and ex-vessel fuel debris simulants for the development and qualification of laser cutting technique Open
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The formation of stoichiometric uranium brannerite (UTi2O6) glass-ceramic composites from the component oxides in a one-pot synthesis Open
Brannerite glass-ceramic composites have been suggested as suitable wasteform materials for high-actinide content wastes, but the formation of glass-ceramic composites containing stoichiometric uranium brannerite (UTi2O6) has not been well…