Sulfate aerosol
View article: Solubility and speciation of sulfur in silicate melts under crustal conditions
Solubility and speciation of sulfur in silicate melts under crustal conditions Open
We have determined the solubility of sulfur as either sulfide (S2-) or sulfate (S6+) in a wide range of silicate melts at 1 atm pressure and temperatures of 1050° to 1250°C. The method involved suspension of the melt in either a mixture of…
View article: Enhancing volcanic eruption simulations with the WRF-Chem v4.8
Enhancing volcanic eruption simulations with the WRF-Chem v4.8 Open
Volcanic eruptions are one of the major natural hazards, exerting profound effects on the environment and climate. The emissions associated with such eruptions pose substantial risks to terrestrial systems and public health, particularly t…
View article: Stratospheric Aerosol Plumes
Stratospheric Aerosol Plumes Open
Aerosol eruption plumes in the tropical lower stratosphere appear to rise whereas extra‐tropical plumes do not. We show that this occurs because the Brewer‐Dobson transport circulation is upward in the tropics, and the circulation lifts th…
View article: Modelling stratospheric composition for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service: multi-species evaluation of IFS-COMPO Cy49
Modelling stratospheric composition for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service: multi-species evaluation of IFS-COMPO Cy49 Open
The daily analyses and forecasts of atmospheric composition delivered by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) are produced by the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System configured for COMPOsition (IFS-COMPO). In 2023 this syste…
View article: VerticalDifferences in NO<sub>2</sub>‑to-HONOHeterogeneous Conversion and HONO-Driven OH Production over Inland,Coastal, and Island Regions
VerticalDifferences in NO<sub>2</sub>‑to-HONOHeterogeneous Conversion and HONO-Driven OH Production over Inland,Coastal, and Island Regions Open
Photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO) is a key source of hydroxyl radicals (OH), but the vertical distribution of its generation mechanism and photolysis effects across different land–sea locations remains unclear. This study used ground-based…
View article: Mount Pinatubo's effect on the moisture-based drivers of plant productivity
Mount Pinatubo's effect on the moisture-based drivers of plant productivity Open
Large volcanic eruptions can significantly influence the climate system by altering the stratospheric sulfate concentrations, atmospheric radiative balance, stratospheric and surface temperature, and regional hydroclimate. A comprehensive …
View article: The transport history of African biomass burning aerosols arriving in the remote Southeast Atlantic and their impacts on cloud properties
The transport history of African biomass burning aerosols arriving in the remote Southeast Atlantic and their impacts on cloud properties Open
African biomass burning (BB) aerosols transported over the southeast Atlantic (SEA) strongly influence cloud properties but remain a major source of uncertainty in regional climate assessment. This study characterizes vertical profiles of …
View article: G6-1.5K-SAI and G6sulfur: changes in impacts and uncertainty depending on stratospheric aerosol injection strategy in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project
G6-1.5K-SAI and G6sulfur: changes in impacts and uncertainty depending on stratospheric aerosol injection strategy in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project Open
We report initial results for G6-1.5K-SAI, a climate model experiment proposed by the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). G6-1.5K-SAI, which simulates a stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) to limit global warming to ∼ …
View article: Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes
Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes Open
This study explores the role of mineral dust in ice nucleation using WRF-L model simulations during the ASKOS-ESA and CPEX-CV campaigns (Cabo Verde, 2022). Numerical experiments are carried out to examine dust impacts and secondary ice pro…
View article: Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes
Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes Open
This study explores the role of mineral dust in ice nucleation using WRF-L model simulations during the ASKOS-ESA and CPEX-CV campaigns (Cabo Verde, 2022). Numerical experiments are carried out to examine dust impacts and secondary ice pro…
View article: Assessment of ACE-MAESTRO v3.13 multi-wavelength stratospheric aerosol extinction measurements
Assessment of ACE-MAESTRO v3.13 multi-wavelength stratospheric aerosol extinction measurements Open
The Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (MAESTRO) instrument on the SCISAT satellite provides aerosol extinction measurements in multiple solar wavelength bands. In this study, we …
View article: Tropospheric bromine monoxide in Ny-Ålesund: source analysis and impacts on atmospheric chemistry
Tropospheric bromine monoxide in Ny-Ålesund: source analysis and impacts on atmospheric chemistry Open
Arctic tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) plays a critical role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly during springtime ozone depletion events. While sources such as sea ice, open ocean, aerosols, and snowpack have been proposed, their r…
View article: Before We Inject:Assessing the Impact of Silica-BasedAerosols on Stratospheric Chemistry via a Kinetic Model Informed byMolecular Dynamics
Before We Inject:Assessing the Impact of Silica-BasedAerosols on Stratospheric Chemistry via a Kinetic Model Informed byMolecular Dynamics Open
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a geoengineering strategy to mitigate global warming by increasing Earth’s albedo. Silica-based materials, such as diamond-doped silica aerogels, have shown promising optical prope…
View article: Recent cloud trends and extremes reaffirm moderate climate sensitivity
Recent cloud trends and extremes reaffirm moderate climate sensitivity Open
Earth's energy imbalance exhibits a robust positive trend over the past two decades, reaching a record value in 2023. Both the trend and year-to-year anomalies are primarily attributable to decreased reflection of sunlight by low-level clo…
View article: Regional-ScaleModeling Parameterizations for SecondaryOrganic Aerosol Formation from Isoprene Epoxydiols: ExperimentallyBased Evaluation and Optimization
Regional-ScaleModeling Parameterizations for SecondaryOrganic Aerosol Formation from Isoprene Epoxydiols: ExperimentallyBased Evaluation and Optimization Open
Isoprene is an abundant volatile organic compound emitted from broadleaf forests. Under low nitric oxide concentrations, isoprene is photochemically oxidized to form gas-phase isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX). In the presence of acidified sulfa…
View article: How well are aerosol–cloud interactions represented in climate models? – Part 2: Isolating the aerosol impact on clouds following the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption
How well are aerosol–cloud interactions represented in climate models? – Part 2: Isolating the aerosol impact on clouds following the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption Open
Aerosols significantly influence Earth’s radiative balance, yet considerable uncertainty exists in the underpinning mechanisms, particularly those involving clouds. Aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) are the most uncertain element in anthro…
View article: Unlocking the HiddenSource of Phenyl Sulfate andRole in the Atmosphere: Alkali-Catalyzed Barrierless Formation Mechanismand Impact on Aerosol Nucleation
Unlocking the HiddenSource of Phenyl Sulfate andRole in the Atmosphere: Alkali-Catalyzed Barrierless Formation Mechanismand Impact on Aerosol Nucleation Open
Phenyl sulfate (PhOSO3H), a key organosulfate in atmospheric particles, exerts significant impacts on air quality and human health, yet its formation mechanisms and role in aerosol nucleation remain unclear. Herein, we identify …
View article: Cloudand AerosolChemistry Together Explain the HighSulfate Aerosol Content in a Heavy Haze Episode in Central EasternChina
Cloudand AerosolChemistry Together Explain the HighSulfate Aerosol Content in a Heavy Haze Episode in Central EasternChina Open
Sulfate is a key aerosol component affecting radiative forcing, air quality and human health. Its rapid formation in haze has drawn worldwide attention, yet its formation mechanisms remain debated. Here we implemented a heterogeneous sulfa…
View article: Conditions Necessary for Chlorine Activation in the Midlatitude Summer Lower Stratosphere
Conditions Necessary for Chlorine Activation in the Midlatitude Summer Lower Stratosphere Open
Studies have suggested that ClO could be enhanced within convectively influenced air masses in the North American Monsoon Anticyclone due to low temperature and elevated water mixing ratio conditions that are conducive to chlorine activati…
View article: Expanding AerosolAcidity Measurements to the Water-LimitedRegime: A Coupled Condensational Growth and Colorimetric Approach
Expanding AerosolAcidity Measurements to the Water-LimitedRegime: A Coupled Condensational Growth and Colorimetric Approach Open
Exposure to elevated concentrations of atmospheric aerosols leads to millions of deaths globally per year from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Acid-catalyzed multiphase reactions involving semivolatile organic species are a key pa…
View article: Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes
Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes Open
This study explores the role of mineral dust in ice nucleation using WRF-L model simulations during the ASKOS-ESA and CPEX-CV campaigns (Cabo Verde, 2022). Numerical experiments are carried out to examine dust impacts and secondary ice pro…
View article: Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes
Reconstructing Saharan Dust–Cloud Scenes with WRF-L: Initial Evaluation of Aerosol-Aware Ice Nucleation Schemes Open
This study explores the role of mineral dust in ice nucleation using WRF-L model simulations during the ASKOS-ESA and CPEX-CV campaigns (Cabo Verde, 2022). Numerical experiments are carried out to examine dust impacts and secondary ice pro…
View article: REtrieval Method for optical and physical Aerosol Properties in the stratosphere (REMAPv1)
REtrieval Method for optical and physical Aerosol Properties in the stratosphere (REMAPv1) Open
Stratospheric aerosol is an important climate forcing agent as it scatters some of the incoming solar radiation back to space, thus cooling the Earth's surface and the troposphere. At the same time, it absorbs some of the upwelling terrest…
View article: SizeDependent Uncatalyzed Sulfite Oxidation in AqueousMicrodroplets
SizeDependent Uncatalyzed Sulfite Oxidation in AqueousMicrodroplets Open
Aqueous aerosols and microdroplets exhibit unique chemical kinetics relative to the bulk phase, impacting air quality and climate via multiphase atmospheric processes. Here, we investigate uncatalyzed oxidation of sulfite to sulfate by O
View article: Chemically InducedDecline in Wintertime SO<sub>2</sub> Emission Control Efficacy
Chemically InducedDecline in Wintertime SO<sub>2</sub> Emission Control Efficacy Open
The reduction of SO2 emissions from 2004 to 2023 has resulted in significant decreases in SO2 and sulfate concentrations across the Rust Belt and Southeast of the United States, regions with coal-combustion power plan…
View article: HygroscopicityDepends on Aerosol Acidity and SulfateContent during the Reactive Uptake of Isoprene Epoxydiols
HygroscopicityDepends on Aerosol Acidity and SulfateContent during the Reactive Uptake of Isoprene Epoxydiols Open
Aerosol liquid water content has a significant but highly uncertain effect on atmospheric radiative forcing. Hygroscopicity of organic–inorganic mixed aerosols is complex, especially when they are also phase-separated, and little is unders…
View article: A Multivariate Space‐Time Dynamic Model for Characterizing the Atmospheric Impacts Following the Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
A Multivariate Space‐Time Dynamic Model for Characterizing the Atmospheric Impacts Following the Mt. Pinatubo Eruption Open
The June 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption resulted in a massive increase of sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere, absorbing radiation and leading to global changes in surface and stratospheric temperatures. A volcanic eruption of this magnitude se…
View article: Evidence for a New Oxidation Mechanism for Sulfur Dioxide from Laboratory Measurements
Evidence for a New Oxidation Mechanism for Sulfur Dioxide from Laboratory Measurements Open
The oxidization of sulfur dioxide (SO2) occurs in the gas and liquid-phase and this oxidation contributes to particulate matter and acid precipitation. The production of sulfate particles is significant because of their impacts on climate,…
View article: Impacts of hemispheric solar geoengineering on tropical cyclone frequency
Impacts of hemispheric solar geoengineering on tropical cyclone frequency Open
Solar geoengineering refers to a range of proposed methods for counteracting global warming by artificially reducing sunlight at Earth’s surface. The most widely known solar geoengineering proposal is stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) …
View article: Quantifying the temperature-independent effect of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on global-mean precipitation in a multi-model ensemble
Quantifying the temperature-independent effect of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on global-mean precipitation in a multi-model ensemble Open
The reduction in global-mean precipitation when stratospheric aerosol geoengineering is used to counterbalance global warming from increasing carbon dioxide concentrations has been mainly attributed to the temperature-independent effect of…