Lignin ≈ Lignin
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Chemicals from lignin: an interplay of lignocellulose fractionation, depolymerisation, and upgrading Open
This review explores the three interconnected stages that determine a successful lignin-to-chemicals valorisation chain: (i) lignocellulose fractionation, (ii) lignin depolymerisation, and (iii) upgrading.
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Bright Side of Lignin Depolymerization: Toward New Platform Chemicals Open
Lignin, a major component of lignocellulose, is the largest source of aromatic building blocks on the planet and harbors great potential to serve as starting material for the production of biobased products. Despite the initial challenges …
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Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis Open
Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most poorly utilised of the lignocellulosic biopolymers. Eff…
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Recent updates on different methods of pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstocks: a review Open
Lignocellulosic feedstock materials are the most abundant renewable bioresource material available on earth. It is primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are strongly associated with each other. Pretreatment proc…
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Formaldehyde stabilization facilitates lignin monomer production during biomass depolymerization Open
Formaldehyde protects and serves The lignin found in plants is a desirable renewable feedstock for fuels and other useful compounds. Breaking down such a strong, energy-dense polymer, however, requires pretreatment of plant biomass under h…
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Cell Wall Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress Open
This review focuses on the responses of the plant cell wall to several abiotic stresses including drought, flooding, heat, cold, salt, heavy metals, light, and air pollutants. The effects of stress on cell wall metabolism are discussed at …
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Recent Trends in the Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Value-Added Products Open
Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is the most abundantly available bioresource amounting to about a global yield of up to 1. 3 billion tons per year. The hydrolysis of LCB results in the release of various reducing sugars which are highly valu…
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Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution Open
Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to describing degradation of wood, which is a complex process; hence, microorganisms have evolved different enzymatic and non-enzymatic strategies to utilize this plentiful plant material. Thi…
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Reductive lignocellulose fractionation into soluble lignin-derived phenolic monomers and dimers and processable carbohydrate pulps Open
A new generation lignocellulose biorefinery uses heterogeneous catalysis for the high-yield production of a handful of chemicals from wood.
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Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis Open
Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is an abundant and renewable resource from plants mainly composed of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) and an aromatic polymer (lignin). LB has a high potential as an alternative to fossil resource…
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Production and Application of Lignosulfonates and Sulfonated Lignin Open
Lignin is the largest reservoir of aromatic compounds on earth and has great potential to be used in many industrial applications. Alternative methods to produce lignosulfonates from spent sulfite pulping liquors and kraft lignin from blac…
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Guidelines for performing lignin-first biorefining Open
With these guidelines, we aim to unite the lignin-first biorefining research field around best practices for performing or reporting feedstock analysis, reactor design, catalyst performance, and product yields.
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Integrating plant litter quality, soil organic matter stabilization, and the carbon saturation concept Open
Labile, ‘high‐quality’, plant litters are hypothesized to promote soil organic matter ( SOM ) stabilization in mineral soil fractions that are physicochemically protected from rapid mineralization. However, the effect of litter quality on …
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A review on natural fibers for development of eco-friendly bio-composite: characteristics, and utilizations Open
Understanding the basic properties of natural fibers is important to determine the optimal intended uses for instance as high-quality bio-composite raw material. This review describes the characteristics, and potential uses of some natural…
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Catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into chemicals and fuels Open
In the search of alternative resources to make commodity chemicals and transportation fuels for a low carbon future, lignocellulosic biomass with over 180-billion-ton annual production rate has been identified as a promising feedstock. Thi…
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The cell biology of lignification in higher plants Open
The lignification process ranges from full autonomy to complete co-operation depending on the cell type. The different roles of lignin for the function of each specific plant cell type are clearly illustrated by the multiple phenotypic def…
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Insight into biomass pyrolysis mechanism based on cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin: Evolution of volatiles and kinetics, elucidation of reaction pathways, and characterization of gas, biochar and bio‐oil Open
Pyrolysis is the first step of gasification and combustion. The pyrolysis process of biomass is complicated, which is generally considered to consist of the pyrolysis of the three major components (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and ligni…
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A simple process for lignin nanoparticle preparation Open
A simple method to produce stable aqueous dispersions of spherical anionic or cationic lignin nanoparticles from softwood kraft lignin was developed.
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Lignin pyrolysis reactions Open
Lignin, an aromatic constituent of woody biomass, is a potential renewable aromatic feedstock for a sustainable future carbon economy. Pyrolysis-based technologies, such as fast pyrolysis and gasification, are promising methods for convert…
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Aromatic Monomers by in Situ Conversion of Reactive Intermediates in the Acid-Catalyzed Depolymerization of Lignin Open
Conversion of lignin into well-defined aromatic chemicals is a highly attractive goal but is often hampered by recondensation of the formed fragments, especially in acidolysis. Here, we describe new strategies that markedly suppress such u…
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Lignocellulose degradation: An overview of fungi and fungal enzymes involved in lignocellulose degradation Open
This review aims to present current knowledge of the fungi involved in lignocellulose degradation with an overview of the various classes of lignocellulose‐acting enzymes engaged in the pretreatment and saccharification step. Fungi have nu…
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Ligninolytic enzymes and its mechanisms for degradation of lignocellulosic waste in environment Open
Ligninolytic enzymes play a key role in degradation and detoxification of lignocellulosic waste in environment. The major ligninolytic enzymes are laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and versatile peroxidase. The activities o…
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Lignin–carbohydrate complexes: properties, applications, analyses, and methods of extraction: a review Open
The complexity of lignin and hemicellulose segmentation has been known since the middle of the ninetieth century. Studies confirmed that all lignin units in coniferous species and 47-66% of lignin moieties in deciduous species are bound to…
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Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease Open
Observational studies have shown that dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fiber is a non-digestible form of carbohydrates, due to the lack of the digestive enzyme in humans required to …
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Statistical evaluation of DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Folin-Ciocalteu assays to assess the antioxidant capacity of lignins Open
This research studies in detail four different assays, namely DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) and FC (Folin-Ciocalteu), t…
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Efficient Cleavage of Lignin–Carbohydrate Complexes and Ultrafast Extraction of Lignin Oligomers from Wood Biomass by Microwave‐Assisted Treatment with Deep Eutectic Solvent Open
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource for the production of biobased value‐added fuels, chemicals, and materials, but its effective exploitation by an energy‐efficient and environmentally friendly strategy remains a…
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Comprehensive elucidation of the effect of residual lignin on the physical, barrier, mechanical and surface properties of nanocellulose films Open
We elucidate the effect of residual lignin on the interfacial, physical and mechanical properties of lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) and respective nanopapers.
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Investigation of biomass torrefaction based on three major components: Hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin Open
In this work, torrefaction of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were studied at a series of torrefaction temperatures (210, 240, 270, and 300 °C) based on the properties of their three-phase products, namely solid, liquid (water and tar…
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Physico-Chemical Conversion of Lignocellulose: Inhibitor Effects and Detoxification Strategies: A Mini Review Open
A pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to produce biofuels, polymers, and other chemicals plays a vital role in the biochemical conversion process toward disrupting the closely associated structures of the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin…
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NAC-MYB-based transcriptional regulation of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in land plants Open
Plant cells biosynthesize primary cell walls (PCW) in all cells and produce secondary cell walls (SCWs) in specific cell types that conduct water and/or provide mechanical support, such as xylem vessels and fibers. The characteristic mecha…