Electron probe microanalysis
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Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis: A powerful tool in biomedical research and diagnosis Open
The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis is a technique of elemental analysis associated to electron microscopy based on the generation of characteristic Xrays that reveals the presence of elements present in the specimens. The EDX …
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The Al-Rich Part of the Fe-Al Phase Diagram Open
The Al-rich part of the Fe-Al phase diagram between 50 and 80 at.% Al including the complex intermetallic phases Fe$_{5}$Al$_{8}$ (ε), FeAl$_{2}$, Fe$_{2}$Al$_{5}$, and Fe4Al$_{13}$ was re-investigated in detail. A series of 19 alloys was …
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Electron Probe Microanalysis: A Review of the Past, Present, and Future Open
The 50th anniversary of the application of electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) to the Earth Sciences provides an opportunity for an assessment of the state-of-the-art of the technique. Stemming from the introduction of the first automated …
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PENEPMA: A Monte Carlo Program for the Simulation of X-Ray Emission in Electron Probe Microanalysis Open
The Monte Carlo program PENEPMA performs simulations of X-ray emission from samples bombarded with both electron and photon beams. It is based on the general-purpose Monte Carlo simulation package PENELOPE, an elaborate system for the simu…
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Textures and trace element signatures of pyrite and arsenopyrite from the Gutaishan Au–Sb deposit, South China Open
The Gutaishan deposit is a slate-hosted lode Au–Sb deposit in the Xiangzhong Sb–Au metallogenic province, South China. The deposit has a proven reserve of ca. 9 -t gold at an average grade of 13-g/t and contains 2500-t Sb. The deposit repr…
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Revision of the CaCO3–MgCO3 phase diagram at 3 and 6 GPa Open
Subsolidus and melting relationships for the system CaCO3–MgCO3 have been reexamined using a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus at 3 and 6 GPa in graphite capsules. Phase boundaries were delineated according to the chemical composition of ph…
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Elemental analysis of histological specimens: a method to unmask nano asbestos fibers Open
There is recent mounting evidence that nanoparticles may have enhanced toxicological potential in comparison to the same material in the bulk form. The aim of this study was to develop a new method for unmask asbestos nanofibers from Forma…
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Bleaching Effects on Color, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties of White Spot Lesions Open
SUMMARY Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching on teeth with white spot lesions. Methods and Materials: Carious lesions with standardized whiteness were produced on the buccal and lingual surfaces of hu…
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PENEPMA: a Monte Carlo programme for the simulation of X-ray emission in EPMA Open
The Monte Carlo programme PENEPMA performs simulations of X-ray emission from samples bombarded with electron beams. It is both based on the general-purpose Monte Carlo simulation package PENELOPE, an elaborate system for the simulation of…
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Determining the Nitrogen Content in (Oxy)Nitride Materials Open
Nitrogen (and also oxygen) determination has become an important parameter to characterize (oxy)nitride materials for many properties and applications. Analyzing such anions with accuracy is still a challenge for some materials. However, t…
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The Fate of Platinum-Group Minerals in the Exogenic Environment—From Sulfide Ores via Oxidized Ores into Placers: Case Studies Bushveld Complex, South Africa, and Great Dyke, Zimbabwe Open
Diverse studies were performed in order to investigate the behavior of the platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the weathering cycle in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa and the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe. Samples were obtained underground, fro…
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Compositional boundary layers trigger liquid unmixing in a basaltic crystal mush Open
The separation of immiscible liquids has significant implications for magma evolution and the formation of magmatic ore deposits. We combine high-resolution imaging and electron probe microanalysis with the first use of atom probe tomograp…
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Indium Mineralization in the Xianghualing Sn-Polymetallic Orefield in Southern Hunan, Southern China Open
Although numerous W–Sn–Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits are located in southern Hunan, and In-bearing deposits are related to W–Sn–Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits, Indium mineralization in southern Hunan is poorly studied. In order to investigate t…
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The effect of different fluoride application methods on the remineralization of initial carious lesions Open
Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of single and combined applications of fluoride on the amount of fluoride release, and the remineralization and physical properties of enamel. Materials and Methods Each of four…
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Electron-Excited X-ray Microanalysis by Energy Dispersive Spectrometry at 50: Analytical Accuracy, Precision, Trace Sensitivity, and Quantitative Compositional Mapping Open
2018 marked the 50th anniversary of the introduction of energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) with semiconductor detectors to electron-excited X-ray microanalysis. Initially useful for qualitative analysis, EDS has developed into a fu…
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Grain Boundary Analysis of the Garnet-Like Oxides Li7+X−YLa3−XAXZr2−YNbYO12 (A = Sr or Ca) Open
Garnet-like oxides having the formula Li7+X-YLa3-XAXZr2-YNbYO12 (A = Sr or Ca) were synthesized using a solid-state reaction and their bulk and grain boundary resistivities were assessed by AC impedance measurements. A difference in grain …
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Critical appraisal of tubular putative eumetazoans from the Ediacaran Weng'an Doushantuo biota Open
Molecular clock analyses estimate that crown-group animals began diversifying hundreds of millions of years before the start of the Cambrian period. However, the fossil record has not yielded unequivocal evidence for animals during this in…
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Crystal chemistry and light elements analysis of Ti-rich garnets Open
A suite of Ti-bearing garnets from magmatic, carbonatitic, and metamorphic rocks was studied by
\nelectron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and s…
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The Role of MgO Powder in Preventing Defluidization during Fluidized Bed Reduction of Fine Iron Ores with Different Iron Valences Open
\n\tThe role of MgO powder in preventing defluidization during the fluidized bed reduction of fine iron ores with different iron valences is investigated. The inhibiting effect of MgO powder on different types of fine iron ores is the same…
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Microchemical signatures of placer gold grains from the Gamba district, northern Cameroon: Implications for possible bedrock sources Open
The Central African Fold Belt (CAFB) in Cameroon hosts numerous alluvial gold deposits derived from known deposit types in the eastern and southern part of the country. In contrast, in northern Cameroon, primary source of gold remains enig…
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X-ray microanalysis of powders, obtained by electroerosion dispersion of the alloy W-Ni-Fe Open
The results of X-ray microanalysis of powders, obtained by electroerosive dispersion of the W-Ni-Fe alloy with various electrical parameters of the device, are presented. Conducted researches, aimed at establishing the elemental compositio…
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Low voltage EPMA: experiments on a new frontier in microanalysis - analytical lateral resolution Open
Field emission (FE) electron gun sources provide new capabilities for high lateral resolution EPMA. The determination of analytical lateral resolution is not as straightforward as that for electron microscopy imaging. Results from two sets…
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Valuable metals in coals of the Russian Arctic zone Open
The research results of rare and valuable metals and estimations of resources of these metals in the coal deposits of the Russian Arctic zone are presented. In coal deposits in the Arctic zone of Russia (Pechora, Lensky, Tungusky, Taimyrsk…
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High-throughput determination of mechanical and diffusion properties of Ti–Ta–Fe alloys Open
The mechanical and diffusion properties of Ti-Ta-Fe alloys in the Ti-rich region were investigated by utilizing a high-throughput method, with the combination of nanoindentation and diffusion couple techniques. Five groups of ternary Ti-Ta…
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Titanium alloy vs. stainless steel miniscrews: an in vivo split-mouth study. Open
TiA and SS miniscrews had comparable removal torque values. SEM photomicrographs showed no evidence of osseointegration with both TADs having similar biological responses.
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Quantifying common major and minor elements in minerals/rocks by economical desktop scanning electron microscopy/silicon drift detector energy-dispersive spectrometer (SEM/SDD-EDS) Open
Earth and planetary sciences require extensive microanalyses to quantify most common major and minor elements O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe and Ni in minerals/rocks. With O usually calculated, this is frequently done with expens…
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Chemical and Structural Characterization of Glass Ionomer Cements indicated for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Open
Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are restorative materials, which clinical use has increased significantly during the last decade. The aim of the present study was to analyze the chemical constitution and surface morphology of four glass ionom…
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Characterization of Rare Earth Elements in Tailing of Ex-Tin Mining Sands from Singkep Island, Indonesia Open
The objective of this research is to determine the rare earth elements (REEs) from themonazite minerals content of several tin tailing sands (TTS)of ex-tin mining area in Kuala Raya Singkep Island, Indonesia. We used the energy dispersive …
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Calculated interdiffusivities resulting from different fitting functions applied to measured concentration profiles in Cu-rich fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys at 1073 K Open
Employing six groups of bulk diffusion couples together with electron probe microanalysis technique, the compositiondependences of ternary interdiffusion coefficients in Cu-rich fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys at 1073 K were determined via the Whittle…
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RESEARCH OF THE CHROMIUM DISTRIBUTION IN THE DIFFUSION LAYER DURING CHROMIUM PLATING OF STEEL X35CRNI2-3 Open
The analysis of scientific literature has shown the diffusion saturation of two and more chemical elements of the surface of alloys remains understudied due to the complexity of sample preparation and subsequent analysis of samples. This r…