Cardiac Ventricle
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Cells of the adult human heart Open
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Advanced insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies require a deeper understanding of the molecular processes involved in the healthy heart. Knowledge of the …
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24‐segment sphericity index: a new technique to evaluate fetal cardiac diastolic shape Open
Objective Because of parallel circulation in the fetus and the differential effect that various disease states may have on the shape of the right and left ventricles, this study was conducted to evaluate the sphericity index (SI) of 24 tra…
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Sensing and Responding of Cardiomyocytes to Changes of Tissue Stiffness in the Diseased Heart Open
Cardiomyocytes are permanently exposed to mechanical stimulation due to cardiac contractility. Passive myocardial stiffness is a crucial factor, which defines the physiological ventricular compliance and volume of diastolic filling with bl…
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Asymmetry and Heterogeneity: Part and Parcel in Cardiac Autonomic Innervation and Function Open
The cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS) regulates cardiac adaptation to different demands. The heart is an asymmetrical organ, and in the selection of adequate treatment of cardiac diseases it may be relevant to take into account that …
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Feasibility of real-time MR thermal dose mapping for predicting radiofrequency ablation outcome in the myocardium in vivo Open
Quantitative TD mapping from real-time rapid CMR thermometry during catheter-based RFA is feasible. It provides a direct assessment of the lesion extent in the myocardium with precision in the range of one millimeter. Real-time MR thermome…
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Deep Learning Segmentation of the Right Ventricle in Cardiac MRI: The M&Ms Challenge Open
In recent years, several deep learning models have been proposed to accurately quantify and diagnose cardiac pathologies. These automated tools heavily rely on the accurate segmentation of cardiac structures in MRI images. However, segment…
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Specialized impulse conduction pathway in the alligator heart Open
Mammals and birds have a specialized cardiac atrioventricular conduction system enabling rapid activation of both ventricles. This system may have evolved together with high heart rates to support their endothermic state (warm-bloodedness)…
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Cilia-driven flows in the brain third ventricle Open
The brain ventricles are interconnected, elaborate cavities that traverse the brain. They are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that is, to a large part, produced by the choroid plexus, a secretory epithelium that reaches into the vent…
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Generation of Patient-Specific Cardiac Vascular Networks: A Hybrid Image-Based and Synthetic Geometric Model Open
Image-based models derived from CT angiography are being used clinically to simulate blood flow in the coronary arteries of individual patients to aid in the diagnosis of disease and planning treatments. However, image resolution limits ve…
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Transverse cardiac slicing and optical imaging for analysis of transmural gradients in membrane potential and Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients in murine heart Open
Key points A robust cardiac slicing approach was developed for optical mapping of transmural gradients in transmembrane potential ( V m ) and intracellular Ca 2+ transient (CaT) of murine heart. Significant transmural gradients in V m and …
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Sequential segmental analysis of the crocodilian heart Open
Differences between hearts of crocodilians and those of mammals and birds are only partly understood because there is no standardised approach and terminology for describing cardiac structure. Whereas most reptiles have an undivided ventri…
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Chamber Specific Gene Expression Landscape of the Zebrafish Heart Open
The organization of structure and function of cardiac chambers in vertebrates is defined by chamber-specific distinct gene expression. This peculiarity and uniqueness of the genetic signatures demonstrates functional resolution attributed …
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Anatomy of the cardiac chambers: A review of the left ventricle Open
Background: The left ventricle is built to carry out its function as a powerful pump. To detail recent findings of anatomical variants associated with the left ventricular compartment, we will first review the external and general features…
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Simultaneous Longitudinal Strain in All 4 Cardiac Chambers Open
Background— Simultaneous assessment of longitudinal strain (LS) by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography in all 4 cardiac chambers has not yet been explored. Our goal was to study LS curves obtained simultaneously from all 4 cardiac chamber…
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Heart Failure in Humans Reduces Contractile Force in Myocardium From Both Ventricles Open
This study measured how heart failure affects the contractile properties of the human myocardium from the left and right ventricles. The data showed that maximum force and maximum power were reduced by approximately 30% in multicellular pr…
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Regional differences in WT-1 and Tcf21 expression during ventricular development: implications for myocardial compaction Open
During normal heart development, spatio-temporal differences in contribution of WT-1 and Tcf21-LacZ + cells to right versus left ventricular myocardium occur parallel to myocardial thickening. These findings may relate to lateralized diffe…
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A Deep Learning Segmentation Approach in Free-Breathing Real-Time Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Open
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to segment the left ventricle (LV) blood pool, LV myocardium, and right ventricle (RV) blood pool of end-diastole and end-systole frames in free-breathing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. …
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Dynamic adaptation of myocardial proteome during heart failure development Open
Heart failure (HF) development is characterized by huge structural changes that are crucial for disease progression. Analysis of time dependent global proteomic adaptations during HF progression offers the potential to gain deeper insights…
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Feasibility of ventricular volumetry by cardiovascular MRI to assess cardiac function in the fetal sheep Open
Key points The application of fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) to assess fetal cardiovascular physiology and cardiac function through the quantification of ventricular volumes has previously been investigated, but the …
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Dual‐excitation flip‐angle simultaneous cine and <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> mapping using spiral acquisition with respiratory and cardiac self‐gating Open
Purpose To develop a free‐breathing cardiac self‐gated technique that provides cine images and slice profile–corrected T 1 maps from a single acquisition. Methods Without breath‐holding or electrocardiogram gating, data were acquired conti…
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Toward Hierarchical Assembly of Aligned Cell Sheets into a Conical Cardiac Ventricle Using Microfabricated Elastomers Open
Despite current efforts in organ‐on‐chip engineering to construct miniature cardiac models, they often lack some physiological aspects of the heart, including fiber orientation. This motivates the development of bioartificial left ventricl…
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Effects of early afterdepolarizations on excitation patterns in an accurate model of the human ventricles Open
Early Afterdepolarizations, EADs, are defined as the reversal of the action potential before completion of the repolarization phase, which can result in ectopic beats. However, the series of mechanisms of EADs leading to these ectopic beat…
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Predictive Values of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cardiac Troponin I for Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy Open
Serum cTnI is an independent predictor useful for identifying myocardial fibrosis, while plasma NT-proBNP is only associated with myocardial fibrosis on univariate analysis. Combined measurements of serum cTnI with MWT further improve its …
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Drift of Scroll Wave Filaments in an Anisotropic Model of the Left Ventricle of the Human Heart Open
Scroll waves are three-dimensional vortices which occur in excitable media. Their formation in the heart results in the onset of cardiac arrhythmias, and the dynamics of their filaments determine the arrhythmia type. Most studies of filame…
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Cardiac Function and Type of Mitral Valve Surgery Affect Postoperative Blood Flow Pattern in the Left Ventricle Open
Cardiac function and the type of MV surgery are factors affecting the postoperative LV blood flow pattern. MV replacement resulted in abnormal blood flow with normal cardiac function, whereas advanced cardiomyopathy modified the blood flow…
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Comparative analysis of avian hearts provides little evidence for variation among species with acquired endothermy Open
Mammals and birds acquired high performance hearts and endothermy during their independent evolution from amniotes with many sauropsid features. A literature review shows that the variation in atrial morphology is greater in mammals than i…
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The evolutionarily conserved choroid plexus contributes to the homeostasis of brain ventricles in zebrafish Open
The choroid plexus (ChP) produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It also contributes to brain development and serves as the CSF-blood barrier. Prior studies have identified transporters on the epithelial cells that transport water and ions fro…
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Frank-Starling mechanism and short-term adjustment of cardiac flow Open
The Frank-Starling Law of the heart is a filling-force mechanism (FFm), a positive relationship between the distension of a ventricular chamber and its force of ejection, and such a mechanism is found across all the studied vertebrate line…
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Differential expression of B-type natriuretic peptide between left and right ventricles, with particular regard to sudden cardiac death Open
The aim of the present study was to investigate the differential expression of B‑type natriuretic peptide (BNP) between the left and right ventricle (RV) in sudden cardiac death (SCD). A total of 26 forensic autopsy cases of sudden death (…
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Morphology of the atrioventricular valves and related intraventricular structures in the wild pig (Sus scrofa) Open
Morphology of the atrioventricular valves and the intraventricular related structures of 7 hearts of the wild pigs (Sus scrota) were observed by applying macroscopic and microscopic techniques and the findings were compared broadly to the …