Cerebrovascular Circulation
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Blood-brain barrier impairment and hypoperfusion are linked in cerebral small vessel disease Open
BBB impairment and hypoperfusion appear in the WMH and NAWM, which increase in the proximity of the WMH, and are linked. Both BBB and CBF are regulated in the neurovascular unit (NVU) and the observed link might be due to the physiologic r…
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Validity and Reliability of Neurological Scores in Mice Exposed to Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Open
Background and Purpose— The selection of appropriate neurological scores and tests is crucial for the evaluation of stroke consequences. The validity and reliability of neurological deficit scores and tests has repeatedly been questioned i…
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Flow diverter effect of LVIS stent on cerebral aneurysm hemodynamics: a comparison with Enterprise stents and the Pipeline device Open
This is the first study analyzing flow modifications associated with LVIS stents. We found that the LVIS stent has certain hemodynamic effects on cerebral aneurysms: a single LVIS stent caused more flow reductions than the double-Enterpris…
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Multiscale modelling of blood flow in cerebral microcirculation: Details at capillary scale control accuracy at the level of the cortex Open
Aging or cerebral diseases may induce architectural modifications in human brain microvascular networks, such as capillary rarefaction. Such modifications limit blood and oxygen supply to the cortex, possibly resulting in energy failure an…
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Nitrite and <i>S</i> -Nitrosohemoglobin Exchange Across the Human Cerebral and Femoral Circulation Open
Background: The mechanisms underlying red blood cell (RBC)–mediated hypoxic vasodilation remain controversial, with separate roles for nitrite ( ) and S -nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb) widely contested given their ability to transduce nitric o…
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A porous circulation model of the human brain for <i>in silico</i> clinical trials in ischaemic stroke Open
The advancement of ischaemic stroke treatment relies on resource-intensive experiments and clinical trials. In order to improve ischaemic stroke treatments, such as thrombolysis and thrombectomy, we target the development of computational …
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Semi‐automated analysis of 4D flow MRI to assess the hemodynamic impact of intracranial atherosclerotic disease Open
Purpose This study evaluated the feasibility of using 4D flow MRI and a semi‐automated analysis tool to assess the hemodynamic impact of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The ICAD impact was investigated by evaluating pressure d…
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Surpass Flow Diverter for Treatment of Posterior Circulation Aneurysms Open
Clinical results of flow-diverter treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms depend very much on patient selection. In this study, poorer outcomes were related to the treatment of aneurysms in patients with higher baseline mRS scores. An…
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Differential Hemodynamic Response of Pial Arterioles Contributes to a Quadriphasic Cerebral Autoregulation Physiology Open
Background Cerebrovascular autoregulation (CA) regulates cerebral vascular tone to maintain near‐constant cerebral blood flow during fluctuations in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Preclinical and clinical research has challenged the cl…
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Standardized Evaluation of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations Using Flow Distribution Network Graphs and Dual‐<i>venc</i> 4D Flow MRI Open
Background Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are pathological connections between arteries and veins. Dual‐ venc 4D flow MRI, an extended 4D flow MRI method with improved velocity dynamic range, provides time‐resolved 3D cerebral…
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Cerebral Blood Flow Predicts the Infarct Core Open
Background and Purpose— The aim of this study is to determine the spatial and volumetric accuracy of infarct core estimates from relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) by comparison with near-contemporaneous diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), …
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Quantification of Serial Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Stroke Using Arterial Spin Labeling Open
Background and Purpose— Perfusion-weighted imaging is used to select patients with acute ischemic stroke for intervention, but knowledge of cerebral perfusion can also inform the understanding of ischemic injury. Arterial spin labeling all…
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Normative Cerebral Hemodynamics in Middle-aged and Older Adults Using 4D Flow MRI: Initial Analysis of Vascular Aging Open
Background Characterizing cerebrovascular hemodynamics in older adults is important for identifying disease and understanding normal neurovascular aging. Four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI allows for a comprehensive assessment of cerebral hemo…
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Collateral blood flow measurement with intravoxel incoherent motion perfusion imaging in hyperacute brain stroke Open
IVIM is a promising tool to assess the quality of the collateral blood flow in hyperacute stroke. IVIM penumbra perfusion lesion may be a marker of nonsalvageable tissue despite treatment with thrombectomy, suggesting that the IVIM penumbr…
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Collagen Turnover in Relation to Risk Factors and Hemodynamics in Human Intracranial Aneurysms Open
Background and Purpose— Determinants for molecular and structural instability, that is, impending growth or rupture, of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remain uncertain. To elucidate this, we endeavored to estimate the actual turnover rates o…
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VEGF Paradoxically Reduces Cerebral Blood Flow in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice Open
Vascular dysfunction plays a critical role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Cerebral blood flow reductions of 10% to 25% present early in disease pathogenesis. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) drives angiogenesis, wh…
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Piezo1-dependent regulation of pericyte proliferation by blood flow during brain vascular development Open
Blood flow is known to regulate cerebrovascular development through acting on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). As an indispensable component of the neurovascular unit, brain pericytes physically couple with ECs and play vital roles in blo…
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Hypoperfusion Symptoms Poorly Predict Hemodynamic Compromise and Stroke Risk in Vertebrobasilar Disease Open
Background and Purpose— Cerebral hypoperfusion symptoms (defined as symptoms related to change in position, effort or exertion, or recent change in antihypertensive medication) have been used in stroke studies as a surrogate for detecting …
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Diffuse optical assessment of cerebral‐autoregulation in older adults stratified by cerebrovascular risk Open
Diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) at early stages is essential for preventing sequential complications. CVD is often associated with abnormal cerebral microvasculature, which may impact cerebral‐autoregulation (CA). A novel hybrid…
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Angiographic assessment of the efficacy of flow diverter treatment for cerebral aneurysms Open
Background The recent growth of neuro-endovascular treatment has rekindled interest in the use of angiographic techniques for flow assessment. Aneurysm treatment with flow diverters is particularly amenable to such analysis. We analyze con…
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Dynamic cerebral autoregulation is unrelated to decrease in external carotid artery blood flow during acute hypotension in healthy young men Open
New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) is impaired by sympathetic blockade, and the external carotid artery (ECA) vascular bed may prevent adequate internal carotid artery blood flow.…
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A lumped parameter modelling study of cerebral autoregulation in normal pressure hydrocephalus suggests the brain chooses to be ischemic Open
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is associated with a reduction in cerebral blood flow and an ischemic metabolic state. Ischemia should exhaust the available autoregulation in an attempt to correct the metabolic imbalance. There is evid…
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Capillary transit time heterogeneity inhibits cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with reduced cerebrovascular reserve capacity from steno-occlusive disease Open
The healthy cerebral perfusion demonstrates a homogenous distribution of capillary transit times. A disruption of this homogeneity may inhibit the extraction of oxygen. A high degree of capillary transit time heterogeneity (CTH) describes …
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Hypercapnia elicits differential vascular and blood flow responses in the cerebral circulation and active skeletal muscles in exercising humans Open
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a rise in arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2 ) on vascular and blood flow responses in the cerebral circulation and active skeletal muscles during dynamic exercise in humans.…
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UBC-Nepal expedition: markedly lower cerebral blood flow in high-altitude Sherpa children compared with children residing at sea level Open
Developmental cerebral hemodynamic adaptations to chronic high-altitude exposure, such as in the Sherpa population, are largely unknown. To examine hemodynamic adaptations in the developing human brain, we assessed common carotid (CCA), in…
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Sensitivity of frequency-domain optical measurements to brain hemodynamics: simulations and human study of cerebral blood flow during hypercapnia Open
This study characterizes the sensitivity of noninvasive measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) by using frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy (CHS). We considered six FD-NIRS method…
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Measuring global cerebrovascular pulsatility transmission using 4D flow MRI Open
Pulse wave encephalopathy (PWE) is hypothesised to initiate many forms of dementia, motivating its identification and risk assessment. As candidate pulsatility based biomarkers for PWE, pulsatility index and pulsatility damping have been s…
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to Assess Cerebral Vascular Compliance Open
This study explored whether autoregulatory shifts in cerebral blood volume induce susceptibility changes large enough to be depicted by quantitative susceptibility mapping. Eight healthy subjects underwent fast quantitative susceptibility …
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Correction: Associations between changes in precerebral blood flow and cerebral oximetry in the lower body negative pressure model of hypovolemia in healthy volunteers Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219154.].
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Quantitative Evaluation of the Absolute Value of the Cerebral Blood Flow According to the Scintigraphic Studies with 99MTC-HMPAO Open
Background. Represented by physical and mathematical model of cerebral hemodynamics, considered as a flow system.Objective. Development of cerebral blood flow quantification procedure according to scintigraphy data with 99mTc-HMPAO.Methods…