Acute hepatitis
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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepeviridae 2022 Open
The family Hepeviridae includes enterically transmitted small quasi-enveloped or non-enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses infecting mammals and birds (subfamily Orthohepevirinae ) or fish ( Parahepevirinae ). Hepatitis E vi…
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Genomic investigations of unexplained acute hepatitis in children Open
Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis in children have been reported worldwide, including 278 cases in the UK 1 . Here we report an investigation of 38 cases, 66 age-matched immuno…
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Clinical Spectrum of Children with Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Cause Open
In this series involving 44 young children with acute hepatitis of uncertain cause, human adenovirus was isolated in most of the children, but its role in the pathogenesis of this illness has not been established.
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COVID-19–Associated Hepatitis Complicating Recent Living Donor Liver Transplantation Open
We present a case of COVID-19 hepatitis in a living donor liver allograft recipient whose donor subsequently tested positive for COVID-19. The patient is a female infant with biliary atresia (failed Kasai procedure). She recovered well, wi…
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Acute liver failure associated with Garcinia cambogia use Open
Millions of Americans regularly use herbal supplements, but many are unaware of the potential hidden dangers. Numerous supplements have been associated with hepatotoxicity and, indeed dietary/herbal supplements represent an increasingly co…
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Severe acute hepatitis and acute liver failure of unknown origin in children: a questionnaire-based study within 34 paediatric liver centres in 22 European countries and Israel, April 2022 Open
To detect potential concern about severe acute hepatitis in children, we conducted a survey among 50 ERN RARE-LIVER centres. By 26 April 2022, 34 centres, including 25 transplant centres, reported an estimated median of 3–5, 0–2 and 3–5 ca…
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Case numbers of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology among children in 24 countries up to 18 April 2022 compared to the previous 5 years Open
An increase of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology has been reported among children in multiple countries worldwide. With a rapid online survey among hospitals in and outside of Europe, we describe case numbers recorded from 1 January to …
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Chronic Hepatitis B Increases Liver-Related Mortality of Patients With Acute Hepatitis E: A Territorywide Cohort Study From 2000 to 2016 Open
The mortality is higher in patients with acute hepatitis E than in those with hepatitis A. Coexisting CHB is the independent risk factor for liver-related mortality in patients with acute hepatitis E.
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Occurrence of Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs and Pork Cuts and Organs at the Time of Slaughter, Spain, 2017 Open
Zoonotic hepatitis E, mainly caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype (gt) 3, is a foodborne disease that has emerged in Europe in recent decades. The main animal reservoir for genotype 3 is domestic pigs. Pig liver and liver derivates a…
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Long-Lasting Imprint in the Soluble Inflammatory Milieu Despite Early Treatment of Acute Symptomatic Hepatitis C Open
Background Treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection leads to partial restoration of soluble inflammatory mediators (SIMs). In contrast, we hypothesized that early DAA treatment of acute …
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Hepatitis E virus and neurological disorders Open
Hepatitis E is the most common cause of hepatitis worldwide. While originally considered a disease of developing countries, it is increasingly recognised in developed countries, probably related to contaminated pork meat, and where infecti…
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Hepatitis E virus as a cause of acute hepatitis acquired in Switzerland Open
Background Autochthonous hepatitis E is increasingly recognized as zoonotic infection in western countries. Serological assays have varying sensitivity and specificity. Methods We implemented molecular testing to identify and characterize …
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High prevalence of acute hepatitis E virus infection in pigs in Dutch slaughterhouses Open
Hepatitis E is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), one of the causes of acute viral hepatitis. Domestic pigs are considered as the main reservoir of HEV-3. The recently reported high prevalence of HEV in liver- and meat products on the Dutc…
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Idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury: A short review Open
Idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (iDILI) is a rare adverse drug reaction that occasionally leads to acute liver failure or even death. An aging population that uses more drugs, a constant influx of newly developed drugs, and a growi…
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Early predictors of corticosteroid response in acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide multicenter study Open
Summary Background and Aims To assess whether corticosteroids improve prognosis in patients with AS‐AIH, and to identify factors at therapy initiation and during therapy predictive of the response to corticosteroids. Methods This was a ret…
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Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin in Children: Early Observations from the 2022 Outbreak Open
Recent reports of acute hepatitis of unknown origin in previously healthy children have been increasing worldwide. The main characteristics of the affected children were jaundice and gastrointestinal symptoms. Their serum aminotransaminase…
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Cell Culture Systems and Drug Targets for Hepatitis A Virus Infection Open
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is one of the major causes of acute hepatitis, and this infection occasionally causes acute liver failure. HAV infection is associated with HAV-contaminated food and water as well as sexual transmission am…
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Correlation of hepatitis E and rat hepatitis E viruses urban wastewater monitoring and clinical cases Open
Our study shows that there is no correlation between clinical cases and wastewater detection of HEV or RHEV.
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Increasing incidence of acute autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide survey in Japan Open
The Japanese diagnostic guidelines for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) were proposed in 2014. This study aimed to determine the trends and characteristics of AIH based on a Japanese nationwide survey. Data for 796 patients who were newly diagno…
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Autoimmune Hepatitis Associated With Turmeric Consumption Open
Turmeric is a popular herbal dietary supplement that has been considered safe and even shown to have hepatoprotective properties. In the recent times, however, there have been a few case reports of turmeric-induced liver injury. We report …
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Hepatitis of Unknown Origin and Etiology (Acute Non HepA-E Hepatitis) among Children in 2021/2022: Review of the Current Findings Open
Several clusters and individual cases of acute hepatitis have been reported in the US, Europe and recently in Asia and Central America since October 2021. A laboratory investigation of the common viral hepatitis agents (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV …
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Protective Effects of<i>Dracocephalum heterophyllum</i>in ConA-Induced Acute Hepatitis Open
Dracocephalum heterophyllum (DH) is a Chinese herbal medicine used in treating hepatitis. However, the protective effects and pharmacological mechanisms of DH in hepatitis are unknown. In this study, we found that pretreatment with DH extr…
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Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy in Benin Open
Objectives Hepatitis E virus ( HEV ) is the cause of enterically transmitted non‐A, non‐C hepatitis (an infection that is particularly severe during pregnancy) in tropical and subtropical countries. As there are no published data concernin…
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Improved detection of early acute, late acute, and occult Hepatitis B infections by an increased sensitivity HBsAg assay Open
The new prototype HBsAg assay will be of diagnostic value in providing improved detection of early acute, late acute, and occult HBV infections.
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Burden and Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Asia from 1990 to 2019 Open
Asia has a very high burden of acute hepatitis; thus, a comprehensive study of the current burden and long-term trends of acute hepatitis in Asia is needed. We aimed to assess the current status and trends from 1990 to 2019 of acute hepati…
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Progesterone-Mediated Enhancement of Hepatitis E Virus Replication in Human Liver Cells Open
Hepatitis E is usually a self-limiting acute disease; however, during pregnancy, a severe form of fulminant hepatic failure and high mortality rate are associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Increased levels of progesterone and…
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Linoleic Acid Induced Acute Hepatitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Open
Several dietary supplements used for weight loss have been reported to cause hepatotoxicity. Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is a dietary supplement that has been shown to cause reduction in body fat mass. Here, we present the first case of…
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Secondary Syphilis Associated with Membranous Nephropathy and Acute Hepatitis in a Patient with HIV: A Case Report Open
This case is a reminder that patients with HIV are not infrequently coinfected with Treponema pallidum and that secondary syphilis can have systemic manifestations, including elevated transaminases and nephrotic syndrome. Prompt diagnosis …
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Detection of hepatitis E virus genome in pig livers in Antioquia, Colombia Open
Hepatitis E is a form of endemic acute hepatitis found in humans in many countries worldwide and is caused by the hepatitis E Virus (HEV). Detection of HEV in pigs indicates that they may be carriers, possibly through zoonosis. The prevale…
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Early Combination Therapy with Corticosteroid and Nucleoside Analogue Induces Rapid Resolution of Inflammation in Acute Liver Failure due to Transient Hepatitis B Virus Infection Open
Objective Patients with acute hepatitis B sometimes develop acute liver failure (ALF), which has a poor prognosis. The efficacy of nucleoside analogue (NA) monotherapy for ALF due to transient hepatitis B virus infection (HBV-ALF) remains …