Group selection ≈ Group selection
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Adaptation and Natural Selection: A Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought Open
Biological evolution is a fact-but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. When Adaptation and Natural Selection was first published in 1966, it struck a powerful blow against those who argued for the co…
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Effects of dispersal and selection on stochastic assembly in microbial communities Open
Stochastic processes can play an important role in microbial community assembly. Dispersal limitation is one process that can increase stochasticity and obscure relationships between environmental variables and microbial community composit…
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Processes and patterns of interaction as units of selection: An introduction to ITSNTS thinking Open
Many practicing biologists accept that nothing in their discipline makes sense except in the light of evolution, and that natural selection is evolution’s principal sense-maker. But what natural selection actually is (a force or a statisti…
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Human large-scale cooperation as a product of competition between cultural groups Open
A fundamental puzzle of human evolution is how we evolved to cooperate with genetically unrelated strangers in transient interactions. Group-level selection on culturally differentiated populations is one proposed explanation. We evaluate …
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The evolution of altruism and the serial rediscovery of the role of relatedness Open
Significance The canonical explanation for the evolution of altruism (“kin selection”)—which was mathematically derived in the 1960s by W. D. Hamilton—emphasizes the importance of genetic relatedness. Over the past three decades, numerous …
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The Evolution of Strong Reciprocity Open
A number of outstanding puzzles in economics may be resolved by recognizing that where members of a group benefit from mutual adherence to a social norm, agents may obey the norm and punish its violators, even when this behavior cannot be …
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Hypotheses for the Evolution of Reduced Reactive Aggression in the Context of Human Self-Domestication Open
Parallels in anatomy between humans and domesticated mammals suggest that for the last 300,000 years, Homo sapiens has experienced more intense selection against the propensity for reactive aggression than other species of Homo. Selection …
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What Are the Environmental Determinants of Phenotypic Selection? A Meta-analysis of Experimental Studies Open
Although many selection estimates have been published, the environmental factors that cause selection to vary in space and time have rarely been identified. One way to identify these factors is by experimentally manipulating the environmen…
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A Group-based Approach to Improve Multifactorial Evolutionary Algorithm Open
Multifactorial evolutionary algorithm (MFEA) exploits the parallelism of population-based evolutionaryalgorithm and provides an efficient way to evolve individuals for solving multiple tasks concurrently.Its efficiency is derived by implic…
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Kin and multilevel selection in social evolution: a never-ending controversy? Open
Kin selection and multilevel selection are two major frameworks in evolutionary biology that aim at explaining the evolution of social behaviors. However, the relationship between these two theories has been plagued by controversy for almo…
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Creativity: Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Selection of Creative Ideas Open
Creative idea selection—the selection of the most creative idea(s) from available ideas—is an important yet understudied topic. Creative idea selection can be performed by the idea generator (i.e., intrapersonal selection) or by another pe…
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The origins of human prosociality: Cultural group selection in the workplace and the laboratory Open
As predicted by cultural group selection, increases in firm-level competition raise the generalized trust of workers.
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Kin recognition, multilevel selection and altruism in crop sustainability Open
Summary Intraspecific competition among crop plants is undesirable. Less competitive crops are predicted to increase yield and decrease the need for added resources. Wild plants demonstrate the ability to recognize kin and potentially help…
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Revising the Superorganism: An Organizational Approach to Complex Eusociality Open
Eusociality is broadly defined as: colonies consisting of overlapping generations, cooperative brood care, and a reproductive division of labor where sterile (or non-reproductive) workers help the reproductive members. Colonies of many com…
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Cultural group selection and human cooperation: a conceptual and empirical review Open
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Runaway brain‐culture coevolution as a reason for larger brains: Exploring the “cultural drive” hypothesis by computer modeling Open
Scale and tempo of brain expansion in the course of human evolution implies that this process was driven by a positive feedback. The “cultural drive” hypothesis suggests a possible mechanism for the runaway brain‐culture coevolution wherei…
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Evolutionary game theory and the adaptive dynamics approach: adaptation where individuals interact Open
Evolutionary game theory and the adaptive dynamics approach have made invaluable contributions to understanding how gradual evolution leads to adaptation when individuals interact. Here, we review some of the basic tools that have come out…
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Group and individual selection during evolutionary transitions in individuality: meanings and partitions Open
The Price equation embodies the ‘conditions approach’ to evolution in which the Darwinian conditions of heritable variation in fitness are represented in equation form. The equation can be applied recursively, leading to a partition of sel…
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Evolution of Swarming Behavior Is Shaped by How Predators Attack Open
Animal grouping behaviors have been widely studied due to their implications for understanding social intelligence, collective cognition, and potential applications in engineering, artificial intelligence, and robotics. An important biolog…
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Increasing plant group productivity through latent genetic variation for cooperation Open
Historic yield advances in the major crops have, to a large extent, been achieved by selection for improved productivity of groups of plant individuals such as high-density stands. Research suggests that such improved group productivity de…
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Evolution of conditional cooperation under multilevel selection Open
We study the emergence of conditional cooperation in the presence of both intra-group and inter-group selection. Individuals play public goods games within their groups using conditional strategies, which are represented as piecewise linea…
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Evolutionary dynamics of group formation Open
Group formation is a quite ubiquitous phenomenon across different animal species, whose individuals cluster together forming communities of diverse size. Previous investigations suggest that, in general, this phenomenon might have similar …
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Physicochemical Amino Acid Properties Better Describe Substitution Rates in Large Populations Open
Substitutions between chemically distant amino acids are known to occur less frequently than those between more similar amino acids. This knowledge, however, is not reflected in most codon substitution models, which treat all nonsynonymous…
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Evolution of multicellularity: cheating done right Open
For decades Darwinian processes were framed in the form of the Lewontin conditions: reproduction, variation and differential reproductive success were taken to be sufficient and necessary. Since Buss (The evolution of individuality, Prince…
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Designing cultural multilevel selection research for sustainability science Open
Humans stand out among animals in that we cooperate in large groups to exploit natural resources, and accumulate resource exploitation techniques across generations via cultural learning. This uniquely human form of adaptability is in larg…
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The Causal Structure of Natural Selection Open
Recent arguments concerning the nature of causation in evolutionary theory, now often known as the debate between the 'causalist' and 'statisticalist' positions, have involved answers to a variety of independent questions – definitions of …
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Group phenotypic composition in cancer Open
Although individual cancer cells are generally considered the Darwinian units of selection in malignant populations, they frequently act as members of groups where fitness of the group cannot be reduced to the average fitness of individual…
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Fluctuating survival selection explains variation in avian group size Open
Significance A characteristic feature of animal groups is extensive variation in size. Biologists have recognized that group size can often have profound effects on the fitness of individuals, and often certain group sizes afford greater s…
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The Evolution of Indiscriminate Altruism in a Cooperatively Breeding Mammal Open
Kin selection theory suggests that altruistic behaviors can increase the fitness of altruists when recipients are genetic relatives. Although selection can favor the ability of organisms to preferentially cooperate with close kin, indiscri…
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Group Activity Selection on Social Networks Open
We propose a new variant of the group activity selection problem (GASP), where the agents are placed on a social network and activities can only be assigned to connected subgroups. We show that if multiple groupscan simultaneously engage i…