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Physicochemical properties, modifications and applications of starches from different botanical sources Open
Present trends towards technologies and processes that increase the use of residues make starchy vegetal biomass an important alternative material in various applications due to starch’s versatility, low cost and ease of use when its physi…
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Starch as a determinant of plant fitness under abiotic stress Open
Contents Summary 943 I. Introduction 943 II. Multiple functions of starch metabolism 944 III. Starch metabolism during abiotic stress 945 IV. Enzymes involved in stress‐induced reorganization of starch metabolism 945 V. Regulation of starc…
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Understanding Starch Structure: Recent Progress Open
Starch is a major food supply for humanity. It is produced in seeds, rhizomes, roots and tubers in the form of semi-crystalline granules with unique properties for each plant. Though the size and morphology of the granules is specific for …
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Fermentation and germination improve nutritional value of cereals and legumes through activation of endogenous enzymes Open
Cereals and legumes are outstanding sources of macronutrients, micronutrients, phytochemicals, as well as antinutritional factors. These components present a complex system enabling interactions with different components within food matric…
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Nanopriming technology for enhancing germination and starch metabolism of aged rice seeds using phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles Open
Application of nanomaterials for agriculture is relatively new as compared to their use in biomedical and industrial sectors. In order to promote sustainable nanoagriculture, biocompatible silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized…
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Role of polysaccharides in food, digestion, and health Open
Polysaccharides derived from plant foods are major components of the human diet, with limited contributions of related components from fungal and algal sources. In particular, starch and other storage carbohydrates are the major sources of…
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Starch-based biodegradable materials: Challenges and opportunities Open
This paper reviews the recent development of starch-based materials, including both fundamental and application researches. In order to overcome the weakness of pure starch-based materials, such as lower mechanical properties found in natu…
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Effect of Plasticizer Type and Concentration on Tensile, Thermal and Barrier Properties of Biodegradable Films Based on Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Starch Open
The use of starch based films as a potential alternative choice to petroleum derived plastics is imperative for environmental waste management. This study presents a new biopolymer (sugar palm starch) for the preparation of biodegradable p…
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Generation of High-Amylose Rice through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Starch Branching Enzymes Open
Cereals high in amylose content (AC) and resistant starch (RS) offer potential health benefits. Previous studies using chemical mutagenesis or RNA interference have demonstrated that starch branching enzyme (SBE) plays a major role in dete…
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Combination of Poly(lactic) Acid and Starch for Biodegradable Food Packaging Open
The massive use of synthetic plastics, in particular in the food packaging area, has a great environmental impact, and alternative more ecologic materials are being required. Poly(lactic) acid (PLA) and starch have been extensively studied…
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Structure-Related Gelling of Pectins and Linking with Other Natural Compounds: A Review Open
Pectins are polysaccharides present commonly in dicotyledonous and non-grass monocotyledonous plants. Depending on the source, pectins may vary in molecular size, degrees of acetylation and methylation and contents of galacturonic acid and…
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Review article: insights into colonic protein fermentation, its modulation and potential health implications Open
Summary Background Beneficial effects of carbohydrate fermentation on gastrointestinal health are well established. Conversely, protein fermentation generates harmful metabolites but their relevance to gastrointestinal health is poorly und…
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Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants Open
Starch serves functions that range over a timescale of minutes to years, according to the cell type from which it is derived. In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergistic action of β-AMYLASE1 (BAM1) and α-AMYLASE3 (AMY3) …
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Corn and Rice Starch-Based Bio-Plastics as Alternative Packaging Materials Open
Due to the negative environmental impacts of synthetic plastics, the development of biodegradable plastics for both industrial and commercial applications is essential today. Researchers have developed various starch-based composites for d…
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Starch as a source, starch as a sink: the bifunctional role of starch in carbon allocation Open
Starch commands a central role in the carbon budget of the majority of plants on earth, and its biological role changes during development and in response to the environment. Throughout the life of a plant, starch plays a dual role in carb…
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Polyiodide Confinement by Starch Enables Shuttle‐Free Zn–Iodine Batteries Open
Aqueous Zn–iodine (Zn–I 2 ) batteries have been regarded as a promising energy‐storage system owing to their high energy/power density, safety, and cost‐effectiveness. However, the polyiodide shuttling results in serious active mass loss a…
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Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment Open
This paper examines the effect of mechanical activation on the amorphization of starch having different types of crystalline structure (A-type corn starch; B-type potato starch; and C-type tapioca starch). Structural properties of the star…
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How Glycerol and Water Contents Affect the Structural and Functional Properties of Starch-Based Edible Films Open
As starch is an inexpensive, filmogenic, easily processable and a widely available material, it is a material that can be utilized in the creation of biodegradable films and containers, presenting as a viable alternative to polymers derive…
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General Health Benefits and Pharmacological Activities of Triticum aestivum L. Open
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum), one of the world’s most consumed cereal grains, is known for its uses in baking and cooking in addition to its medicinal uses. As this plant’s medical benefits are enormous and scattered, this narrative re…
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BIOSYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION OF STARCH IN HIGHER PLANTS Open
Numerous reviews on starch biosynthesis and degradation have appeared inthe 1980s (4, 23, 39, 40, 51, 73, 100, 101, 124, 125). Here we updateestablished concepts and emphasize three topics that we consider to now meritreexamination: the si…
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Physical Modification of Food Starch Functionalities Open
Because, in general, native starches do not have properties that make them ideally suited for applications in food products, most starch is modified by dervatization to improve its functionality before use in processed food formulations, a…
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Health benefits of resistant starch: A review of the literature Open
Starch is an essential source of energy for the human diet. Resistant starch is the portion of starch that is not digested in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon by microorganisms, resulting in the formation of short-chain fa…
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Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications Open
Synthetic plastics are severely detrimental to the environment because non-biodegradable plastics do not degrade for hundreds of years. Nowadays, these plastics are very commonly used for food packaging. To overcome this problem, food pack…
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Hydrogel-Forming Algae Polysaccharides: From Seaweed to Biomedical Applications Open
With the increasing growth of the algae industry and the development of algae biorefinery, there is a growing need for high-value applications of algae-extracted biopolymers. The utilization of such biopolymers in the biomedical field can …
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Amylose in starch: towards an understanding of biosynthesis, structure and function Open
Summary Starch granules are composed of two distinct glucose polymers – amylose and amylopectin. Amylose constitutes 5–35% of most natural starches and has a major influence over starch properties in foods. Its synthesis and storage occurs…
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Starch Structure Influences Its Digestibility: A Review Open
Twenty‐five years ago, it was found that a significant fraction of the starch present in foods is not digested in the small intestine and continues to the large intestine, where it is fermented by the microbiota; this fraction was named re…
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Nano/Mesoporous Carbon from Rice Starch for Voltammetric Detection of Ascorbic Acid Open
Rice starch (RS-)based nano/mesoporous carbon (RSNMC) was prepared via a hard-templating route using cheap rice starch as a carbon source. XRD and TEM characterization indicated the formation of organized nanoporous RSNMC. Nitrogen absorpt…
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A review of starch, a unique biopolymer – Structure, metabolism and in planta modifications Open
Starch is a complex carbohydrate polymer produced by plants and especially by crops in huge amounts. It consists of amylose and amylopectin, which have α-1,4- and α-1,6-linked glucose units. Despite this simple chemistry, the entire starch…
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Effect of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose concentrations on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable films based on agro-waste sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) starch Open
Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibres and starches are considered as agro-industrial residue in the agricultural industry. This paper aims to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0–1.0 wt%) of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulo…
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Microstructural and techno-functional properties of cassava starch modified by ultrasound Open
This work was focused on the correlation between the structural and techno-functional properties of ultrasound treated cassava starch for the preparation of tailor-made starch-based ingredients and derivatives. Furthermore, the effect of t…