Sulfur metabolism
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Expanded diversity of microbial groups that shape the dissimilatory sulfur cycle Open
A critical step in the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur on Earth is microbial sulfate reduction, yet organisms from relatively few lineages have been implicated in this process. Previous studies using functional marker genes have detected ab…
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Sulfur nutrition and its role in plant growth and development Open
Sulfur is one of the essential nutrients that is required for the adequate growth and development of plants. Sulfur is a structural component of protein disulfide bonds, amino acids, vitamins, and cofactors. Most of the sulfur in soil is p…
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Oxidation Resistance of the Sulfur Amino Acids: Methionine and Cysteine Open
Sulfur amino acids are a kind of amino acids which contain sulfhydryl, and they play a crucial role in protein structure, metabolism, immunity, and oxidation. Our review demonstrates the oxidation resistance effect of methionine and cystei…
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Integration of P, S, Fe, and Zn nutrition signals in Arabidopsis thaliana: potential involvement of PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE 1 (PHR1) Open
Phosphate and sulfate are essential macro-elements for plant growth and development, and deficiencies in these mineral elements alter many metabolic functions. Nutritional constraints are not restricted to macro-elements. Essential metals …
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Recent Advances in Metabolic Pathways of Sulfate Reduction in Intestinal Bacteria Open
Sulfate is present in foods, beverages, and drinking water. Its reduction and concentration in the gut depend on the intestinal microbiome activity, especially sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which can be involved in inflammatory bowel di…
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Peatland <i>Acidobacteria</i> with a dissimilatory sulfur metabolism Open
Sulfur-cycling microorganisms impact organic matter decomposition in wetlands and consequently greenhouse gas emissions from these globally relevant environments. However, their identities and physiological properties are largely unknown. …
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Sulfur deficiency–induced repressor proteins optimize glucosinolate biosynthesis in plants Open
Researchers report how sulfur deficiency affects glucosinolate biosynthesis in plants.
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ATP-sulfurylase, sulfur-compounds, and plant stress tolerance Open
Sulfur (S) stands fourth in the list of major plant nutrients after N, P, and K. Sulfate (SO4 (2-)), a form of soil-S taken up by plant roots is metabolically inert. As the first committed step of S-assimilation, ATP-sulfurylase (ATP-S) ca…
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Hydrogen Sulfide Oxidation by Myoglobin Open
Enzymes in the sulfur network generate the signaling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), from the amino acids cysteine and homocysteine. Since it is toxic at elevated concentrations, cells are equipped to clear H2S. A canonical sulfide oxida…
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Catalase as a sulfide-sulfur oxido-reductase: An ancient (and modern?) regulator of reactive sulfur species (RSS) Open
Catalase is well-known as an antioxidant dismutating H2O2 to O2 and H2O. However, catalases evolved when metabolism was largely sulfur-based, long before O2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) became abundant, suggesting catalase metabolizes…
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Signaling by hydrogen sulfide and cyanide through post-translational modification Open
Two cysteine metabolism-related molecules, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen cyanide, which are considered toxic, have now been considered as signaling molecules. Hydrogen sulfide is produced in chloroplasts through the activity of sulfite red…
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Metabolic and physiological interdependencies in the <i>Bathymodiolus azoricus</i> symbiosis Open
The hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus lives in an intimate symbiosis with two types of chemosynthetic Gammaproteobacteria in its gills: a sulfur oxidizer and a methane oxidizer. Despite numerous investigations over the last d…
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Natural variations of copper and sulfur stable isotopes in blood of hepatocellular carcinoma patients Open
Significance In cancer, the metabolism of copper and sulfur are dysregulated, leading to deleterious side effects. These issues are commonly addressed by studying the variations of concentrations of the elements, but here we have used, for…
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Metagenomic resolution of microbial functions in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes across the Eastern Lau Spreading Center Open
Microbial processes within deep-sea hydrothermal plumes affect ocean biogeochemistry on global scales. In rising hydrothermal plumes, a combination of microbial metabolism and particle formation processes initiate the transformation of red…
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Active sulfur cycling in the terrestrial deep subsurface Open
The deep terrestrial subsurface remains an environment where there is limited understanding of the extant microbial metabolisms. At Olkiluoto, Finland, a deep geological repository is under construction for the final storage of spent nucle…
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The bacterial sulfur cycle in expanding dysoxic and euxinic marine waters Open
Dysoxic marine waters (DMW, < 1 μM oxygen) are currently expanding in volume in the oceans, which has biogeochemical, ecological and societal consequences on a global scale. In these environments, distinct bacteria drive an active sulfur c…
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A novel bacterial sulfur oxidation pathway provides a new link between the cycles of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds Open
Dimethylsulfide (DMS) plays a globally significant role in carbon and sulfur cycling and impacts Earth’s climate because its oxidation products serve as nuclei for cloud formation. While the initial steps of aerobic DMS degradation and the…
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Chemistry and Biochemistry of Sulfur Natural Compounds: Key Intermediates of Metabolism and Redox Biology Open
Sulfur contributes significantly to nature chemical diversity and thanks to its particular features allows fundamental biological reactions that no other element allows. Sulfur natural compounds are utilized by all living beings and depend…
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HNF4α regulates sulfur amino acid metabolism and confers sensitivity to methionine restriction in liver cancer Open
Methionine restriction, a dietary regimen that protects against metabolic diseases and aging, represses cancer growth and improves cancer therapy. However, the response of different cancer cells to this nutritional manipulation is highly v…
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Microbial carbon metabolism associated with electrogenic sulphur oxidation in coastal sediments Open
Recently, a novel electrogenic type of sulphur oxidation was documented in marine sediments, whereby filamentous cable bacteria (Desulfobulbaceae) are mediating electron transport over cm-scale distances. These cable bacteria are capable o…
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Destruction and reformation of an iron-sulfur cluster during catalysis by lipoyl synthase Open
Refueling an enzyme Lipoic acid is an eight-carbon fatty acid in which sulfur groups are appended on two carbon atoms by the enzyme lipoyl synthase (LipA). LipA provides the sulfurs from an auxiliary [4Fe-4S] cluster. McCarthy and Booker s…
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Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of plant sulfate starvation and resupply provides novel information on transcriptional regulation of metabolism associated with sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus nutritional responses in Arabidopsis Open
Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Reaching a thorough understanding of the molecular basis for changes in plant metabolism depending on the sulfur-nutritional status at the systems level will advance ou…
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Influence of sulfur and cadmium on antioxidants, phytochelatins and growth in Indian mustard Open
Soils in many parts of the world are contaminated with heavy metals, leading to multiple, deleterious effects on plants and threats to world food production efficiency. Cadmium (Cd) is one such metal, being toxic at relatively low concentr…
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Shared Sulfur Mobilization Routes for tRNA Thiolation and Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Open
Modifications of transfer RNA (tRNA) have been shown to play critical roles in the biogenesis, metabolism, structural stability and function of RNA molecules, and the specific modifications of nucleobases with sulfur atoms in tRNA are pres…
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From Elemental Sulfur to Hydrogen Sulfide in Agricultural Soils and Plants Open
Sulfur is an essential element in determining the productivity and quality of agricultural products. It is also an element associated with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress in plants. In agricultural practice, sulfur has broad use in …
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Retrograde sulfur flow from glucosinolates to cysteine in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Open
Specialized (secondary) metabolic pathways in plants have long been considered one-way routes of leading primary metabolite precursors to bioactive end products. Conversely, endogenous degradation of such “end” products in plant tissues ha…
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The Reactive Sulfur Species Concept: 15 Years On Open
Fifteen years ago, in 2001, the concept of “Reactive Sulfur Species” or RSS was advocated as a working hypothesis. Since then various organic as well as inorganic RSS have attracted considerable interest and stimulated many new and often u…
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Crystallographic snapshots of sulfur insertion by lipoyl synthase Open
Significance Lipoic acid, an enzyme cofactor in central metabolism and a livestock feed supplement, is produced on an industrial scale by a costly multistep synthesis. Nature makes lipoic acid in one step by the chemically challenging addi…
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Diversity and distribution of sulfur metabolic genes in the human gut microbiome and their association with colorectal cancer Open
Background Recent evidence implicates microbial sulfidogenesis as a potential trigger of colorectal cancer (CRC), highlighting the need for comprehensive knowledge of sulfur metabolism within the human gut. Microbial sulfidogenesis produce…
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Identification of drought-responsive miRNAs and physiological characterization of tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) under drought stress Open
Analyses of drought-responsive miRNAs in tea plants showed that most of differentially expressed-miRNA target genes were related to regulation of transcription. The results of study revealed that the expressions of phase-specific miRNAs va…