Diaphragm (acoustics)
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Wearable Microfluidic Diaphragm Pressure Sensor for Health and Tactile Touch Monitoring Open
Flexible pressure sensors have many potential applications in wearable electronics, robotics, health monitoring, and more. In particular, liquid‐metal‐based sensors are especially promising as they can undergo strains of over 200% without …
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Coexistence and Impact of Limb Muscle and Diaphragm Weakness at Time of Liberation from Mechanical Ventilation in Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients Open
Diaphragm dysfunction is twice as frequent as limb muscle weakness and has a direct negative impact on weaning outcome. The two types of muscle weakness have only limited overlap.
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Impact of prolonged assisted ventilation on diaphragmatic efficiency: NAVA versus PSV Open
Background Prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation depresses diaphragmatic efficiency. Assisted modes of ventilation should improve it. We assessed the impact of pressure support ventilation versus neurally adjusted ventilator assist o…
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Lung- and Diaphragm-Protective Ventilation Open
Mechanical ventilation can cause acute diaphragm atrophy and injury, and this is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although the importance and impact of lung-protective ventilation is widely appreciated and well established, the conc…
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Diagnosis and management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a clinical practice guideline Open
KEY POINTS Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), which occurs in about 1 in 3300 live births, is a congenital defect in the diaphragm that allows herniation of abdominal viscera into the thorax.[1][1] The resulting abnormal lung developme…
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Recent Progress of Miniature MEMS Pressure Sensors Open
Miniature Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) pressure sensors possess various merits, such as low power consumption, being lightweight, having a small volume, accurate measurement in a space-limited region, low cost, little influence on…
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Ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm function in mechanically ventilated patients: comparison to phrenic stimulation and prognostic implications Open
Under ACV, diaphragm thickness, EXdi and TFdi were uncorrelated to Ptr,stim. Under PSV, TFdi was strongly correlated to diaphragm strength and both were predictors of remaining length of MV and ICU and hospital death.
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Diaphragm Dysfunction: Diagnostic Approaches and Management Strategies Open
The diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle, and its dysfunction can lead to significant adverse clinical consequences. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of the main causes of uni- and bi-lateral diaphragm d…
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Diaphragmatic dysfunction Open
The diaphragm is the main breathing muscle and contraction of the diaphragm is vital for ventilation so any disease that interferes with diaphragmatic innervation, contractile muscle function, or mechanical coupling to the chest wall can c…
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Diaphragm-Sparing Nerve Blocks for Shoulder Surgery Open
Shoulder surgery can result in significant postoperative pain. Interscalene brachial plexus blocks (ISBs) constitute the current criterion standard for analgesia but may be contraindicated in patients with pulmonary pathology due to the in…
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Inspiratory muscle training reduces diaphragm activation and dyspnea during exercise in COPD Open
Among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), those with the lowest maximal inspiratory pressures experience greater breathing discomfort (dyspnea) during exercise. In such individuals, inspiratory muscle training (IMT)…
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Clinical strategies for implementing lung and diaphragm-protective ventilation: avoiding insufficient and excessive effort Open
Mechanical ventilation may have adverse effects on both the lung and the diaphragm. Injury to the lung is mediated by excessive mechanical stress and strain, whereas the diaphragm develops atrophy as a consequence of low respiratory effort…
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernias: from genes to mechanisms to therapies Open
Congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDHs) and structural anomalies of the diaphragm are a common class of congenital birth defects that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to associated pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary…
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Assessment of diaphragmatic function by ultrasonography: Current approach and perspectives Open
This article reports the various methods used to assess diaphragmatic function by ultrasonography. The excursions of the two hemidiaphragms can be measured using two-dimensional or M-mode ultrasonography, during respiratory maneuvers such …
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Ultrathin graphene diaphragm-based extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer for ultra-wideband fiber optic acoustic sensing Open
An ultra-wideband fiber optic acoustic sensor based on graphene diaphragm with a thickness of 10nm has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The two reflectors of the extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer is consist of fiber endfac…
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Diaphragm dysfunction during weaning from mechanical ventilation: an underestimated phenomenon with clinical implications Open
This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2018. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2018 . Further informati…
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Optimal operating parameters for advanced alkaline water electrolysis Open
Advanced zero-gap alkaline electrolyzers can be operated at a significantly higher current density than traditional alkaline electrolyzers. We have investigated how their performance is influenced by diaphragm thickness, temperature and pr…
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Usefulness of Parasternal Intercostal Muscle Ultrasound during Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation Open
Background The assessment of diaphragm function with diaphragm ultrasound seems to bring important clinical information to describe diaphragm work and weakness. When the diaphragm is weak, extradiaphragmatic muscles may play an important r…
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Standardization of Sonographic Diaphragm Thickness Evaluations in Healthy Volunteers Open
Real-time ultrasound of the diaphragm is a simple, inexpensive, and portable imaging technique that can provide qualitative anatomical information. The findings in this study show that sonographic diaphragm evaluations can be applied to th…
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Breathing: Motor Control of Diaphragm Muscle Open
Breathing occurs without thought but is controlled by a complex neural network with a final output of phrenic motor neurons activating diaphragm muscle fibers (i.e., motor units). This review considers diaphragm motor unit organization and…
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Diaphragm Pathology in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 and Postmortem Findings From 3 Medical Centers Open
This case-control study examines the association of COVID-19 with the respiratory muscles in Dutch critically ill patients.
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Ohmic resistance in zero gap alkaline electrolysis with a Zirfon diaphragm Open
Alkaline water electrolyzers are traditionally operated at low current densities, due to high internal ohmic resistance. Modern diaphragms with low internal resistance such as the Zirfon diaphragm combined with a zero gap configuration pot…
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: pathogenesis, prenatal diagnosis and management — literature review Open
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a developmental discontinuity of the diaphragm. It allows abdominal viscera to herniate into the chest and leads to lung hypoplasia. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is one of the most severe birth d…
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A Review of MEMS Capacitive Microphones Open
This review collates around 100 papers that developed micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) capacitive microphones. As far as we know, this is the first comprehensive archive from academia on this versatile device from 1989 to 2019. These…
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Network of Breathing. Multifunctional Role of the Diaphragm: A Review Open
The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in active inspiration and serves also as an important anatomical landmark that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity. However, the diaphragm muscle like other structures and organs in the …
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Strategies for lung- and diaphragm-protective ventilation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a physiological trial Open
Background Insufficient or excessive respiratory effort during acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) increases the risk of lung and diaphragm injury. We sought to establish whether respiratory effort can be optimized to achieve lung- …
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Diaphragm: Pathophysiology and Ultrasound Imaging in Neuromuscular Disorders Open
Respiratory muscles are classically involved in neuromuscular disorders, leading to a restrictive respiratory pattern. The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle involved during inspiration. Ultrasound imaging is a noninvasive, radiation…
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Ultrasonographic assessment of skeletal muscle mass and diaphragm function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case–control study Open
Ultrasonographic assessment of the diaphragm and rectus femoris can be used as markers to assess skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD as diaphragmatic function and RFCSA were lower in COPD patients.
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Leaky ryanodine receptors contribute to diaphragmatic weakness during mechanical ventilation Open
Significance Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD) refers to the diaphragm muscle weakness that follows prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation, impeding recovery from respiratory failure. The mechanisms underlying VIDD a…
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Dysfunction of respiratory muscles in critically ill patients on the intensive care unit Open
Muscular weakness and muscle wasting may often be observed in critically ill patients on intensive care units (ICUs) and may present as failure to wean from mechanical ventilation. Importantly, mounting data demonstrate that mechanical ven…