Anatomy ≈ Anatomy
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Re-epithelialization and immune cell behaviour in an ex vivo human skin model Open
A large body of literature is available on wound healing in humans. Nonetheless, a standardized ex vivo wound model without disruption of the dermal compartment has not been put forward with compelling justification. Here, we present a nov…
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A pathology atlas of the human cancer transcriptome Open
Modeling the cancer transcriptome Recent initiatives such as The Cancer Genome Atlas have mapped the genome-wide effect of individual genes on tumor growth. By unraveling genomic alterations in tumors, molecular subtypes of cancers have be…
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The Human Brainnetome Atlas: A New Brain Atlas Based on Connectional Architecture Open
The human brain atlases that allow correlating brain anatomy with psychological and cognitive functions are in transition from ex vivo histology-based printed atlases to digital brain maps providing multimodal in vivo information. Many cur…
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High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa Open
It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-nCov infection on the mucosa o…
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Cellular Scaling Rules for the Brains of Marsupials: Not as “Primitive” as Expected Open
In the effort to understand the evolution of mammalian brains, we have found that common relationships between brain structure mass and numbers of nonneuronal (glial and vascular) cells apply across eutherian mammals, but brain structure m…
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Limb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement Open
Animals have evolved limb proportions adapted to different environments, but it is not yet clear to what extent these proportions are directly influenced by the environment during prenatal development. The developing skeleton experiences m…
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CASTp 3.0: computed atlas of surface topography of proteins Open
Geometric and topological properties of protein structures, including surface pockets, interior cavities and cross channels, are of fundamental importance for proteins to carry out their functions. Computed Atlas of Surface Topography of p…
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Revised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bone and cartilage study Open
A revised procedure is described for counterstaining specimens with Alcian blue for cartilage and alizarin red S for bone, and for clearing tissue with enzymes and/or potassium hydroxide. Procedures are described and suggestions are made t…
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Automated anatomical labelling atlas 3 Open
Following a first version AAL of the automated anatomical labeling atlas (Tzourio-Mazoyer et al., 2002), a second version (AAL2) (Rolls et al., 2015) was developed that provided an alternative parcellation of the orbitofrontal cortex follo…
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The Human Cell Atlas Open
The recent advent of methods for high-throughput single-cell molecular profiling has catalyzed a growing sense in the scientific community that the time is ripe to complete the 150-year-old effort to identify all cell types in the human bo…
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The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness Open
The world atlas of zenith artificial night sky brightness is modelled with VIIRS DNB data and calibrated with more than 35,000 observations.
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Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19 Open
The newly identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a pandemic respiratory disease. Moreover, thromboembolic events throughout the body, including in the CNS, have been described. Given the ne…
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Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth Open
Injuries to the Teeth" is an update of the issues presented in the previous 2007 edition; the book aims to present the dental traumatology from the perspective of an interdisciplinary treatment.The book comprises 44 chapters, accompanied b…
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Airborne transmission of respiratory viruses Open
Mechanisms of airborne transmission The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted controversies and unknowns about how respiratory pathogens spread between hosts. Traditionally, it was thought that respiratory pathogens spread between people throu…
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Three-dimensional bioprinting of thick vascularized tissues Open
Significance Current tissue manufacturing methods fail to recapitulate the geometry, complexity, and longevity of human tissues. We report a multimaterial 3D bioprinting method that enables the creation of thick human tissues (>1 cm) reple…
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<i>Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus</i> : The species and its viruses – a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group Open
The present outbreak of lower respiratory tract infections, including respiratory distress syndrome, is the third spillover, in only two decades, of an animal coronavirus to humans resulting in a major epidemic. Here, the Coronavirus Study…
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Open
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease, is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons, which leads to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. Until recently, ALS was classified …
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Learning agile and dynamic motor skills for legged robots Open
A method for learning agile control policies uses simulated data to enable precise, efficient movements in a complex physical robot.
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Global Disorders of Sex Development Update since 2006: Perceptions, Approach and Care Open
The goal of this update regarding the diagnosis and care of persons with disorders of sex development (DSDs) is to address changes in the clinical approach since the 2005 Consensus Conference, since knowledge and viewpoints change. An effo…
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The human protein atlas: A spatial map of the human proteome Open
The correct spatial distribution of proteins is vital for their function and often mis‐localization or ectopic expression leads to diseases. For more than a decade, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) has constituted a valuable tool for research…
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Genetic Analysis of Human Norovirus Strains in Japan in 2016–2017 Open
In the 2016/2017 winter season in Japan, HuNoV GII.P16-GII.2 strains (2016 strains) emerged and caused large outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. To better understand the outbreaks, we examined the molecular evolution of the VP1 gene and Rd…
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Asymptomatic Transmission, the Achilles’ Heel of Current Strategies to Control Covid-19 Open
Traditional infection-control and public health strategies rely heavily on early detection of disease to contain spread. When Covid-19 burst onto the global scene, public health officials initially...
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Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections Open
The seasonal cycle of respiratory viral diseases has been widely recognized for thousands of years, as annual epidemics of the common cold and influenza disease hit the human population like clockwork in the winter season in temperate regi…
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Osteoarthritis: toward a comprehensive understanding of pathological mechanism Open
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and a major cause of pain and disability in adult individuals. The etiology of OA includes joint injury, obesity, aging, and heredity. However, the detailed molecular mechan…
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A novel source of arterial valve cells linked to bicuspid aortic valve without raphe in mice Open
Abnormalities of the arterial valve leaflets, predominantly bicuspid aortic valve, are the commonest congenital malformations. Although many studies have investigated the development of the arterial valves, it has been assumed that, as wit…
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Microneedles: A smart approach and increasing potential for transdermal drug delivery system Open
The most widely used methods for transdermal administration of the drugs are hypodermic needles, topical creams, and transdermal patches. The effect of most of the therapeutic agents is limited due to the stratum corneum layer of the skin,…
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A Complete Electron Microscopy Volume of the Brain of Adult Drosophila melanogaster Open
Drosophila melanogaster has a rich repertoire of innate and learned behaviors. Its 100,000-neuron brain is a large but tractable target for comprehensive neural circuit mapping. Only electron microscopy (EM) enables complete, unbiased mapp…
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Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? Open
Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. However, in vulnerable populations, such as newborns, infants, the elderly and immune-compromised individuals, these opportunistic pathogens can al…
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Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain Open
Although COVID-19 is considered to be primarily a respiratory disease, SARS-CoV-2 affects multiple organ systems including the central nervous system (CNS). Yet, there is no consensus on the consequences of CNS infections. Here, we used th…
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3D Printing of Personalized Thick and Perfusable Cardiac Patches and Hearts Open
Generation of thick vascularized tissues that fully match the patient still remains an unmet challenge in cardiac tissue engineering. Here, a simple approach to 3D‐print thick, vascularized, and perfusable cardiac patches that completely m…