Elite athletes
View article: Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019)
Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019) Open
Mental health symptoms and disorders are common among elite athletes, may have sport related manifestations within this population and impair performance. Mental health cannot be separated from physical health, as evidenced by mental healt…
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How much is too much? (Part 1) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of injury Open
Athletes participating in elite sports are exposed to high training loads and increasingly saturated competition calendars. Emerging evidence indicates that poor load management is a major risk factor for injury. The International Olympic …
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Eighty-three per cent of elite athletes return to preinjury sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review with meta-analysis of return to sport rates, graft rupture rates and performance outcomes Open
Objectives The primary objective was to calculate the rate of return to sport (RTS) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in elite athletes. Secondary objectives were to estimate the time taken to RTS, calculate rates o…
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Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high performance athletes Open
This consensus statement is the product of an international Think Tank on the initiative of the International Society of Sport Psychology. The purpose of the Think Tank was to unify major sport psychology organizations in a discussion of t…
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Monitoring Fatigue Status in Elite Team-Sport Athletes: Implications for Practice Open
The increase in competition demands in elite team sports over recent years has prompted much attention from researchers and practitioners to the monitoring of adaptation and fatigue in athletes. Monitoring fatigue and gaining an understand…
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Determinants of anxiety in elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Objective To identify and quantify determinants of anxiety symptoms and disorders experienced by elite athletes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Five online databases (PubMed, SportDiscus, PsycINFO, Scopus and Coch…
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Risk and protective factors for mental health in elite athletes: a scoping review Open
The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of studies concerning the mental health (MH) of elite athletes and to provide a methodological, conceptual, and applied overview of factors affecting elite athletes’ MH. A total…
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Muscle Fiber Type Transitions with Exercise Training: Shifting Perspectives Open
Human muscle fibers are generally classified by myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms characterized by slow to fast contractile speeds. Type I, or slow-twitch fibers, are seen in high abundance in elite endurance athletes, such as long-distanc…
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Assessment of Metabolic Flexibility by Means of Measuring Blood Lactate, Fat, and Carbohydrate Oxidation Responses to Exercise in Professional Endurance Athletes and Less-Fit Individuals Open
Blood lactate accumulation is negatively correlated with FATox and positively correlated with CHOox during exercise across populations with widely ranging metabolic capabilities. Because both lactate and fatty acids are mitochondrial subst…
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Comparison of Athletes’ Proneness to Depressive Symptoms in Individual and Team Sports: Research on Psychological Mediators in Junior Elite Athletes Open
Depression among elite athletes is a topic of increasing interest and public awareness. Currently, empirical data on elite athletes' depressive symptoms are rare. Recent results indicate sport-related mechanisms and effects on depression p…
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Cardiorespiratory considerations for return-to-play in elite athletes after COVID-19 infection: a practical guide for sport and exercise medicine physicians Open
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has necessitated that all professional and elite sport is either suspended, postponed or cancelled altogether to minimise the risk of viral spread. As i…
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Effects of training and competition on the sleep of elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Objectives To characterise the sleep of elite athletes and to identify factors associated with training and competition that negatively affect sleep. Design Prognosis systematic review. Data sources Three databases (PubMed, SCOPUS and SPOR…
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Quantification of Training and Competition Loads in Endurance Sports: Methods and Applications Open
Training quantification is basic to evaluate an endurance athlete’s responses to training loads, ensure adequate stress/recovery balance, and determine the relationship between training and performance. Quantifying both external and intern…
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International Olympic Committee consensus statement on pain management in elite athletes Open
Pain is a common problem among elite athletes and is frequently associated with sport injury. Both pain and injury interfere with the performance of elite athletes. There are currently no evidence-based or consensus-based guidelines for th…
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Elite female athletes’ experiences and perceptions of the menstrual cycle on training and sport performance Open
The purpose of the current study was twofold (a) to examine elite female athletes’ experiences of their menstrual cycle, with a focus upon the impact on training and competition performance and (b) the openness of conversation pertaining t…
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The Prevalence and Impact of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia) in Elite and Non-Elite Athletes Open
To identify the prevalence and impact of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in exercising females where anemia may have a significant effect on training and performance a 'Female Health Questionnaire' was designed incorporating a validated dia…
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No Evidence of a Common DNA Variant Profile Specific to World Class Endurance Athletes Open
There are strong genetic components to cardiorespiratory fitness and its response to exercise training. It would be useful to understand the differences in the genomic profile of highly trained endurance athletes of world class caliber and…
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The molecular athlete: exercise physiology from mechanisms to medals Open
Human skeletal muscle demonstrates remarkable plasticity, adapting to numerous external stimuli including the habitual level of contractile loading. Accordingly, muscle function and exercise capacity encompass a broad spectrum, from inacti…
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The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Elite Athlete Performance: A Critical and Systematic Review Open
Background : In elite athletes, training individualization is widely recommended to optimize competitive performance. Previous studies have evidenced the impact of hormonal fluctuations on different performance parameters among female athl…
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Lipidomic profiles, lipid trajectories and clinical biomarkers in female elite endurance athletes Open
We assessed whether blood lipid metabolites and their changes associate with various cardiometabolic, endocrine, bone- and energy-related comorbidities of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) in female elite endurance athletes. Thir…
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Development of the athlete sleep behavior questionnaire: A tool for identifying maladaptive sleep practices in elite athletes Open
Introduction: Existing sleep questionnaires to assess sleep behaviors may not be sensitive in determining the unique sleep challenges faced by elite athletes. The purpose of the current study was to develop and validate the Athlete Sleep B…
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Mental health management of elite athletes during COVID-19: a narrative review and recommendations Open
Elite athletes suffer many mental health symptoms and disorders at rates equivalent to or exceeding those of the general population. COVID-19 has created new strains on elite athletes, thus potentially increasing their vulnerability to men…
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Letting the cat out of the bag: athletes, coaches and physiotherapists share their perspectives on injury prevention in elite sports Open
Objectives To explore how sports injury prevention takes place in elite sport practice and to describe the perspectives of athletes, coaches and physiotherapists regarding the most critical factors that help prevent injury in the elite spo…
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Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review Open
It is still to be defined to what extent PhA varies between different sports and changes with training/untraining. It can be argued that for a given sport much more data should be collected in a systematic way and for a period of time appr…
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Prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use in elite Spanish athletes Open
Dietary supplementation appears to be widely used in sport with a considerable proportion of athletes consuming supplements with low level of scientific evidence. Additionally, athletes seem to rely on inadequate sources of information and…
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Do E-Athletes Move? Open
This article offers possibly the first peer-reviewed study on the training routines of elite e-athletes with special focus on the subjects' physical exercise routines. The study is based on a sample of 115 elite e-athletes. According to th…
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A pilot study comparing the metabolic profiles of elite-level athletes from different sporting disciplines Open
This pilot data provides evidence that high-power and high-endurance athletes exhibit a distinct metabolic profile that reflects steroid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress, and energy-related metabolites. Replication stu…
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More than a Metric: How Training Load is Used in Elite Sport for Athlete Management Open
Training load monitoring is a core aspect of modern-day sport science practice. Collecting, cleaning, analysing, interpreting, and disseminating load data is usually undertaken with a view to improve player performance and/or manage injury…
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Identifying Stressors and Coping Strategies of Elite Esports Competitors Open
Researchers have examined some of the psychological aspects of competing at a high level in esports. The present study aims to build on this literature by examining the various stressors faced and the associated coping strategies employed …
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Exercise and pregnancy in recreational and elite athletes: 2016/2017 evidence summary from the IOC expert group meeting, Lausanne. Part 5. Recommendations for health professionals and active women Open
Exercise and pregnancy in recreational and elite athletes : 2016/2017 evidence summary from the IOC expert group meeting, Lausanne. Part 5. Recommendations for health professionals and active women