Stimulus–response model
View article
Artificial stimulus-response system capable of conscious response Open
A successful emulation of human conscious responses is demonstrated through an artificial stimulus-response system.
View article
Extracting multidimensional stimulus-response correlations using hybrid encoding-decoding of neural activity Open
In neuroscience, stimulus-response relationships have traditionally been analyzed using either encoding or decoding models. Here we propose a hybrid approach that decomposes neural activity into multiple components, each representing a por…
View article
The Law of Recency: An Episodic Stimulus-Response Retrieval Account of Habit Acquisition Open
A habit is a regularity in automatic responding to a specific situation. Classical learning psychology explains the emergence of habits by an extended learning history during which the response becomes associated to the situation (learning…
View article
The disintegration of event files over time: Decay or interference? Open
When facing particular combinations of stimuli and responses, people create temporary event files integrating the corresponding stimulus and response features. Repeating one or more of these features retrieves the entire event file, which …
View article
The relation between learning and stimulus–response binding. Open
Perception and action rely on integrating or binding different features of stimuli and responses. Such bindings are short-lived, but they can be retrieved for a limited amount of time if any of their features is reactivated. This is partic…
View article
Abstract Neural Representations of Category Membership beyond Information Coding Stimulus or Response Open
For decades, researchers have debated whether mental representations are symbolic or grounded in sensory inputs and motor programs. Certainly, aspects of mental representations are grounded. However, does the brain also contain abstract co…
View article
Response Preparation, Response Conflict, and the Effects of Irrelevant Flanker Stimuli Open
The present study explored how response preparation modulates the effects of response conflict as induced by irrelevant flanker stimuli. In Experiments 1 and 2, an unreliable response cue (i.e., valid in 75% of trials but invalid in 25% of…
View article
Interference suppression in bilingualism: Stimulus-Stimulus vs. Stimulus-Response conflict Open
Studies examining the potential effects of bilingualism on interference suppression show inconsistent results. Our study approaches this topic by distinguishing two potential subcomponents within interference suppression (i.e., Stimulus-St…
View article
Sequential Modulations in a Combined Horizontal and Vertical Simon Task: Is There ERP Evidence for Feature Integration Effects? Open
In the Simon task, participants respond faster when the task-irrelevant stimulus position and the response position are corresponding, for example on the same side, compared to when they have a non-corresponding relation. Interestingly, th…
View article
What Belongs Together Retrieves Together – The Role of Perceptual Grouping in Stimulus-Response Binding and Retrieval Open
Nowadays there is consensus that stimulus and response features are partially represented in the same coding format furthering the binding of these features into event files. If some or all features comprised in an event file repeat later,…
View article
Cross-modal Action Complexity: Action- and Rule-related Memory Retrieval in Dual-response Control Open
Normally, we do not act within a single effector system only, but rather coordinate actions across several output modules (cross-modal action). Such cross-modal action demands can vary substantially with respect to their complexity in term…
View article
Dorsal striatum mediates deliberate decision making, not late‐stage, stimulus–response learning Open
We investigated a controversy regarding the role of the dorsal striatum (DS) in deliberate decision‐making versus late‐stage, stimulus–response learning to the point of automatization. Participants learned to associate abstract images with…
View article
The Nature of Associations between Physical Stimulus Size and Left-Right Response Codes Open
In two-choice response tasks, participants respond faster and more accurate with the left hand to a small stimulus and with the right hand to a large stimulus as compared to the reverse assignment. This compatibility effect suggests the ex…
View article
All together now: Simultaneous feature integration and feature retrieval in action control Open
Accounts of human action control assume integration of stimulus and response features at response execution and, upon repetition of some of those features, retrieval of other previously integrated features. Even though both processes contr…
View article
Does Perceptual Simulation Explain Spatial Effects in Word Categorization? Open
In three experiments we investigated the origin of the effects of the compatibility between the typical location of entities denoted by written words (e.g., "up" for eagle and "down" for carpet) and either the actual position of the words …
View article
Decoding the auditory brain with canonical component analysis Open
The relation between a stimulus and the evoked brain response can shed light on perceptual processes within the brain. Signals derived from this relation can also be harnessed to control external devices for Brain Computer Interface (BCI) …
View article
Two types of between-task conflict trigger respective processing adjustments within one dual-task Open
In dual tasking, two different kinds of between-task conflict occur. Because in both cases, Task 2 characteristics affect Task 1 performance, they are commonly referred to as backward crosstalk effects (BCE): One with a conflict at the res…
View article
Disentangling stimulus and response compatibility as potential sources of backward crosstalk Open
In two experiments ( N = 60 each), we investigated the locus of backward crosstalk effects in dual tasking. Specifically, we embedded the typical flanker task within a dual-task paradigm by assigning stimulus-response (S-R) rules to the fl…
View article
Different effects of spatial separation in action and perception Open
Spatial distance of response keys has been shown to have an effect on nonspatial tasks in that performance improved if the spatial distance increased. Comparably, spatial distance of stimulus features has been shown to have a performance-i…
View article
Response-category conflict improves target memory in a flanker paradigm Open
Previous studies have shown that cognitive control demands and long-term memory interact in several ways. For example, trial-unique Stroop entities which consist of two perceptually distinct stimulus dimensions can enhance subsequent memor…
View article
Strong evidence for ideomotor theory: Unwilled manifestation of the conceptual attribute in movement control Open
Scientific understanding of how the mind generates bodily actions remains opaque. In the early 19th century, the ideomotor theory proposed that humans generate voluntary actions by imagining the sensory consequence of those actions, implyi…
View article
Stimulus-Response Conflict Tasks and Their Use in Clinical Psychology Open
This article reviews the historical usage of the concept of ‘conflict’ in psychology and delineates the design and development of three basic conflict tasks (Stroop, Flanker, Stop Signal). Afterwards, important theoretical concepts to acco…
View article
Learning the Abstract General Task Structure in a Rapidly Changing Task Content Open
The ability to learn abstract generalized structures of tasks is crucial for humans to adapt to changing environments and novel tasks. In a series of five experiments, we investigated this ability using a Rapid Instructed Task Learning par…
View article
Binding between Responses is not Modulated by Grouping of Response Effects Open
Several action control theories postulate that individual responses to stimuli are represented by event files that include temporal bindings between stimulus, response, and effect features. Which stimulus features are bound into an event f…
View article
One Link to Link Them All Open
A conditioned response to a stimulus can be transferred to an associated stimulus, as seen in sensory preconditioning. In this research paper, we aimed to explore this phenomenon using a stimulus–response contingency learning paradigm usin…
View article
Expanding dual-task research by a triple-task Open
Multitasking research in the laboratory is dominated by extremely simplistic dual-task paradigms. Although dual-tasks allow for some variations, they do not compare well to more complex everyday task settings. This study expands a classica…
View article
Implementation of Discovery Learning Factor Analysis in Transforming Learning Achievement Through Stimulus Organism Response Theory Open
The Discovery Learning method in collaboration with the Stimulus Organism Response Model (SOR) can explain the learning model and explain how the stimulus is captured by the five senses, then felt, causing a response to something.Whereas t…
View article
Local and global control adjustments to stimulus-based task conflict in task switching Open
A prominent feature of cognitive control is that its deployment is regulated depending on the environmental circumstances. Control upregulation has been widely documented in response-conflict paradigms where congruency effects are reduced …
View article
Cling together, swing together? Assessing indirect retrieval of stimulus-response bindings for associated stimuli Open
When a stimulus is paired with a response, a stimulus-response (SR) binding (or event file) is formed. Subsequent stimulus repetition retrieves the SR binding from memory, which facilitates (impedes) performance when the same (a different)…
View article
The Forced-Response Method: A New Chronometric Approach to Measure Conflict Processing Open
Despite long-standing concerns about the use of free reaction times (RTs) in cognitive psychology, they remain a prevalent measure of conflict resolution. This report presents the forced-response method as a fresh approach to examine speed…