Type 2 diabetes ≈ Type 2 diabetes
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The Metabolic Phenotype in Obesity: Fat Mass, Body Fat Distribution, and Adipose Tissue Function Open
The current obesity epidemic poses a major public health issue since obesity predisposes towards several chronic diseases. BMI and total adiposity are positively correlated with cardiometabolic disease risk at the population level. However…
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Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes Open
Background Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor that reduces glycemia as well as blood pressure, body weight, and albuminuria in people with diabetes. We report the effects of treatment with canagliflozin on cardiova…
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Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Open
In the time-to-event analysis, the rate of the first occurrence of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was lower with liraglutide than with place…
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Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Open
In patients with type 2 diabetes who were at high cardiovascular risk, the rate of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke was significantly lower among patients receiving semaglutide than among those recei…
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Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Open
In patients with type 2 diabetes who had or were at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, treatment with dapagliflozin did not result in a higher or lower rate of MACE than placebo but did result in a lower rate of cardiovascula…
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Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy Open
In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years. (Funded by Janssen Research and D…
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Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Open
Among patients with chronic kidney disease, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes, the risk of a composite of a sustained decline in the estimated GFR of at least 50%, end-stage kidney disease, or death from renal or cardiovasc…
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Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure Open
Among patients receiving recommended therapy for heart failure, those in the empagliflozin group had a lower risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure than those in the placebo group, regardless of the presence or a…
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Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products and Their Potential Role in Cardiometabolic Disease in Children Open
The rising incidence of obesity and metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in adolescents and young adults is of grave concern. Recent studies favor a role of lifestyle factors over genetics in the perpetua…
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Empagliflozin and Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Open
In patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, empagliflozin was associated with slower progression of kidney disease and lower rates of clinically relevant renal events than was placebo when added to standard care. (Funded …
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Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Open
The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes convened a panel to update the prior position statements, published in 2012 and 2015, on the management of type 2 diabetes in adults. A systematic eva…
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Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Open
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused by a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond app…
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Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association Open
The adoption and maintenance of physical activity are critical foci for blood glucose management and overall health in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. Recom- mendations and precautions vary depending on individual characteristic…
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Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity Open
In this 72-week trial in participants with obesity, 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg of tirzepatide once weekly provided substantial and sustained reductions in body weight. (Supported by Eli Lilly; SURMOUNT-1 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04184622.).
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Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health Open
Recent studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating risk of several chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. At the…
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DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan Open
It was unknown whether plasma protein levels can be estimated based on DNA methylation (DNAm) levels, and if so, how the resulting surrogates can be consolidated into a powerful predictor of lifespan. We present here, seven DNAm-based esti…
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Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction Open
Dapagliflozin reduced the combined risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death among patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. (Funded by AstraZeneca; DELIVER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NC…
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Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Open
In patients with CKD and type 2 diabetes, treatment with finerenone resulted in lower risks of CKD progression and cardiovascular events than placebo. (Funded by Bayer; FIDELIO-DKD ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02540993.).
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Obesity and Kidney Disease: Hidden Consequences of the Epidemic Open
Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, and its prevalence has been projected to grow by 40% in the next decade. This increasing prevalence has implications for the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and also for chronic kidney dis…
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Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity Open
Suboptimal nutrition is a leading cause of poor health. Nutrition and policy science have advanced rapidly, creating confusion yet also providing powerful opportunities to reduce the adverse health and economic impacts of poor diets. This …
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Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Open
Among patients with type 2 diabetes with or without previous cardiovascular disease, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events did not differ significantly between patients who received exenatide and those who received placebo. …
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Inflammatory mechanisms linking obesity and metabolic disease Open
There are currently over 1.9 billion people who are obese or overweight, leading to a rise in related health complications, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration…
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Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes Open
In patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease and overweight or obesity but without diabetes, weekly subcutaneous semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg was superior to placebo in reducing the incidence of death from cardiovascular causes, …
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Sex and Gender Differences in Risk, Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Open
The steep rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications go along with mounting evidence of clinically important sex and gender differences. T2DM is more frequently diagnosed at lower age and body mass index in men; h…
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Prevalence and Ethnic Pattern of Diabetes and Prediabetes in China in 2013 Open
Among adults in China, the estimated overall prevalence of diabetes was 10.9%, and that for prediabetes was 35.7%. Differences from previous estimates for 2010 may be due to an alternate method of measuring hemoglobin A1c.
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State of Type 1 Diabetes Management and Outcomes from the T1D Exchange in 2016–2018 Open
Data from the T1D Exchange registry demonstrate that only a minority of adults and youth with T1D in the United States achieve ADA goals for HbA1c.
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Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025 Open
Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. We aim to estimate the burden of diabetes by type, year, regions, and socioeconomic status in 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years, which provid…
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Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Open
BACKGROUND Establishing cardiovascular safety of new therapies for type 2 diabetes is important. Safety data are available for the subcutaneous form of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide but are needed for oral semagl…
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Obesity Phenotypes, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Diseases Open
This review addresses the interplay between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. It is proposed that obesity, generally defined by an excess of body fat causing prejudice to health, can no longer be evaluated sol…
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Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Open
The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes convened a panel to update the previous consensus statements on the management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes in adults, published since 2006 and…