Centennial ≈ Centennial
View article: The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3)
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3) Open
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to make centennial-scale projections of future climate, and to produce initialized seasonal and decadal …
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Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives Open
Since its discovery in the early 1970s, the crucial role of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the global hydrological cycle and its tremendous influence on high‐impact climate and weather extremes have been well recognized. The MJO al…
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The Indonesian throughflow, its variability and centennial change Open
The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is an important component of the upper cell of the global overturning circulation that provides a low-latitude pathway for warm, fresh waters from the Pacific to enter the Indian Ocean. Variability and chan…
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Centennial‐long trends of lake browning show major effect of afforestation Open
Observations of increasing water color and organic carbon concentrations in lakes are widespread across the Northern Hemisphere. The drivers of these trends are debated. Declining atmospheric sulfur deposition has been put forward as an im…
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The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3) Open
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to make centennial scale projections of future climate, and to produce initialized seasonal and decadal …
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus: much progress, many opportunities Open
As part of the centennial celebration of insulin's discovery, this review summarizes the current understanding of the genetics, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcomes in type 1 diabetes (T1D). T1D results from an autoimmune response that le…
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Rainfall variations in central Indo-Pacific over the past 2,700 y Open
Significance We present a high-resolution, replicated speleothem δ 18 O record from Klang Cave in southern Thailand that characterizes rainfall variation in NCIP over the past 2,700 y. This record reveals notable dry climate conditions dur…
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Spatiotemporal changes in extreme sea levels along the coasts of the <span>N</span>orth <span>A</span>tlantic and the <span>G</span>ulf of <span>M</span>exico Open
Extreme sea levels along the densely monitored coasts of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico have been investigated using high‐frequency tide gauge measurements in the GESLA‐2 data set ( www.gesla.org ). Our results, based on n…
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Uncertainty quantification of the multi-centennial response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate change Open
Ice loss from the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) is expected to become the major contributor to sea level in the next centuries. Projections of the AIS response to climate change based on numerical ice-sheet models remain challenging due to the…
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Sensitivity of centennial mass loss projections of the Amundsen basin to the friction law Open
Reliable projections of ice sheets' future contributions to sea-level rise require models that are able to accurately simulate grounding-line dynamics, starting from initial states consistent with observations. Here, we simulate the centen…
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On the Anthropogenic Impact on Long‐Term Evolution of Noctilucent Clouds Open
Little is known about climate change effects in the transition region between the Earth's atmosphere and space, roughly at 80–120 km. Some of the earliest observations in this region come from noctilucent clouds (NLC) at ∼83‐km altitude. T…
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Phage Therapy in Poland – a Centennial Journey to the First Ethically Approved Treatment Facility in Europe Open
Although phage discovery is an unquestionable merit of the English bacteriologist Frederick W. Twort and the Canadian-French microbiologist Félix d'Hérelle, who both discovered phages over 100 years ago, the Polish history of phage studies…
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The 2016 Southeastern U.S. Drought: An Extreme Departure From Centennial Wetting and Cooling Open
The fall 2016 drought in the southeastern United States (SE U.S.) appeared exceptional based on its widespread impacts, but the current monitoring framework that only extends from 1979 to present does not readily facilitate evaluation of s…
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Contribution of the deep ocean to the centennial changes of the Indonesian Throughflow Open
The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is an important component of the global overturning circulation. In this study, we amend Godfrey's Island Rule to estimate the ITF transport by including contributions from deep ocean vertical transport. Si…
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A 305-year continuous monthly rainfall series for the island of Ireland (1711–2016) Open
A continuous 305-year (1711–2016) monthly rainfall series (IoI_1711) is created for the Island of Ireland. The post 1850 series draws on an existing quality assured rainfall network for Ireland, while pre-1850 values come from instrumental…
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Climate models fail to capture strengthening wintertime North Atlantic jet and impacts on Europe Open
Projections of wintertime surface climate over Europe depend on reliable simulations of the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation from climate models. However, it is unclear whether these models capture the long-term observed trends in th…
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Sea-Level Rise: From Global Perspectives to Local Services Open
Coastal areas are highly diverse, ecologically rich, regions of key socio-economic activity, and are particularly sensitive to sea-level change. Over most of the 20th century, global mean sea level has risen mainly due to warming and subse…
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Centennial- to millennial-scale monsoon changes since the last deglaciation linked to solar activities and North Atlantic cooling Open
Rapid monsoon changes since the last deglaciation remain poorly constrained due to the scarcity of geological archives. Here we present a high-resolution scanning X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of a 13.5 m terrace succession on the west…
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The Southern Annular Mode determines interannual and centennial‐scale fire activity in temperate southwest Tasmania, Australia Open
Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the primary mode of atmospheric variability in the Southern Hemisphere. While it is well established that the current anthropogenic‐driven trend in SAM is responsible for decreased rainfall in southern Austra…
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The recent normalization of historical marine heat extremes Open
Climate change exposes marine ecosystems to extreme conditions with increasing frequency. Capitalizing on the global reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) records from 1870-present, we present a centennial-scale index of extreme …
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Why the social cost of carbon will always be disputed Open
Any social cost of carbon (SCC) calculated from an integrated assessment model of global climate‐economy interactions will always be disputed. This is because a key model input–namely the valuation of centennial climate damage–is highly un…
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The Irish economy during the century after Partition Open
We provide a centennial overview of the Irish economy in the one hundred years following partition and independence. A comparative perspective allows us to distinguish between those aspects of Irish policies and performance that were uniqu…
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Centennial Review: History and husbandry recommendations for raising Pekin ducks in research or commercial production Open
By some accounts, ducks were domesticated between 400 and 10,000 yr ago and have been a growing portion of the poultry industry for decades. Ducks specifically, and waterfowl in general, have unique health, housing, nutrition and welfare c…
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Assessing patterns of human–Asiatic black bear interaction in and around Wangchuck Centennial National Park, Bhutan Open
Bhutan has 2 of the 8 species of bears recorded in the world: Asiatic black bear and Sloth bear. Asiatic black bear is listed in Appendix I of the CITES and categorized as vulnerable in IUCN Red List. Asiatic black bear is increasingly bec…
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Centennial decline in North Sea water clarity causes strong delay in phytoplankton bloom timing Open
With climate warming, a widespread expectation is that events in spring, such as flowering, bird migrations, and insect bursts, will occur earlier because of increasing temperature. At high latitudes, increased ocean temperature is suggest…
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Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution Open
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: BOGIN, B. ...et al., 2018. Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution.…
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The Extreme Heat Wave of Summer 2021 in Athens (Greece): Cumulative Heat and Exposure to Heat Stress Open
The Mediterranean has been identified as a ‘climate change hot spot’, already experiencing faster warming rates than the global average, along with an increased occurrence of heat waves (HWs), prolonged droughts, and forest fires. During s…
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Multi‐century trends to wetter winters and drier summers in the England and Wales precipitation series explained by observational and sampling bias in early records Open
Globally, few precipitation records extend to the 18th century. The England Wales Precipitation (EWP) series is a notable exception with continuous monthly records from 1766. EWP has found widespread use across diverse fields of research i…
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Uncertainties in Long-Term Twenty-First Century Process-Based Coastal Sea-Level Projections Open
Many processes affect sea level near the coast. In this paper, we discuss the major uncertainties in coastal sea-level projections from a process-based perspective, at different spatial and temporal scales, and provide an outlook on how th…
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Satellites See the World’s Atmosphere Open
Satellite meteorology is a relatively new branch of the atmospheric sciences. The field emerged in the late 1950s during the Cold War and built on the advances in rocketry after World War II. In less than 70 years, satellite observations h…