Texture (cosmology)
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Development of International Terminology and Definitions for Texture-Modified Foods and Thickened Fluids Used in Dysphagia Management: The IDDSI Framework Open
Dysphagia is estimated to affect ~8% of the world's population (~590 million people). Texture-modified foods and thickened drinks are commonly used to reduce the risks of choking and aspiration. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisa…
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Image Quality Assessment: Unifying Structure and Texture Similarity Open
Objective measures of image quality generally operate by comparing pixels of a "degraded" image to those of the original. Relative to human observers, these measures are overly sensitive to resampling of texture regions (e.g., replacing on…
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Efficient tandem solar cells with solution-processed perovskite on textured crystalline silicon Open
Growing perovskite on textured silicon Wide–band gap perovskites could boost the efficiency of silicon solar cells by forming tandem cells, but usually the perovskite must be grown on a smoothed side of the silicon cell because the materia…
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Strengthening mechanisms, deformation behavior, and anisotropic mechanical properties of Al-Li alloys: A review Open
Al-Li alloys are attractive for military and aerospace applications because their properties are superior to those of conventional Al alloys. Their exceptional properties are attributed to the addition of Li into the Al matrix, and the tec…
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Recent research and developments on wrought magnesium alloys Open
Wrought magnesium alloys attract special interests as lightweight structural material due to their homogeneous microstructure and enhanced mechanical properties compared to as-cast alloys. In this contribution, recent research and developm…
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Texture Networks: Feed-forward Synthesis of Textures and Stylized Images Open
Gatys et al. recently demonstrated that deep networks can generate beautiful textures and stylized images from a single texture example. However, their methods requires a slow and memory-consuming optimization process. We propose here an a…
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Static and Dynamical Properties of Antiferromagnetic Skyrmions in the Presence of Applied Current and Temperature Open
Skyrmions are topologically protected entities in magnetic materials which have the potential to be used in spintronics for information storage and processing. However, Skyrmions in ferromagnets have some intrinsic difficulties which must …
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Pectin and Pectin-Based Composite Materials: Beyond Food Texture Open
Pectins are plant cell wall natural heteropolysaccharides composed mainly of α-1-4 d-galacturonic acid units, which may or may not be methyl esterified, possesses neutral sugars branching that harbor functional moieties. Physicochemical fe…
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Crystallographic texture control of beta-type Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al alloy by selective laser melting for the development of novel implants with a biocompatible low Young's modulus Open
We first successfully achieved the two types of distinct texture control in low-modulus beta-type Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al alloy products using selective laser melting. Bidirectional scanning with and without a rotation of 90° between the layers ga…
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Process–Structure–Properties in Polymer Additive Manufacturing via Material Extrusion: A Review Open
This article provides a database of the mechanical properties of additively manufactured polymeric materials fabricated using material extrusion (e.g., fused filament fabrication (FFF)). Mechanical properties available in the literatures a…
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Unique crystallographic texture formation in Inconel 718 by laser powder bed fusion and its effect on mechanical anisotropy Open
Additive manufacturing offers an exclusive way of anisotropic microstructure control with a high degree of freedom regarding variation in process parameters. This study demonstrates a unique texture formation in Inconel 718 (IN718) using a…
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The Freeze-Drying of Foods—The Characteristic of the Process Course and the Effect of Its Parameters on the Physical Properties of Food Materials Open
Freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is a process in which water in the form of ice under low pressure is removed from a material by sublimation. This process has found many applications for the production of high quality food and …
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Validation of A Method to Compensate Multicenter Effects Affecting CT Radiomics Open
Background Radiomics extracts features from medical images more precisely and more accurately than visual assessment. However, radiomics features are affected by CT scanner parameters such as reconstruction kernel or section thickness, thu…
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Intrinsic Spin and Orbital Hall Effects from Orbital Texture Open
We show theoretically that both the intrinsic spin Hall effect (SHE) and orbital Hall effect (OHE) can arise in centrosymmetric systems through momentum-space orbital texture, which is ubiquitous even in centrosymmetric systems unlike spin…
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Textured interfaces in monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: advanced light management for improved efficiency and energy yield Open
25.5% efficiency is demonstrated for monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell using textured foil and the impact of texture position on performance and energy yield is simulated.
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Early Detection and Classification of Tomato Leaf Disease Using High-Performance Deep Neural Network Open
Tomato is one of the most essential and consumable crops in the world. Tomatoes differ in quantity depending on how they are fertilized. Leaf disease is the primary factor impacting the amount and quality of crop yield. As a result, it is …
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Effect of scanning strategy on texture formation in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting Open
Variations in the crystallographic texture in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting with different scanning strategies were designed for the first time. Single-crystalline-like texture with a short-range order of Mo ato…
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The effectiveness of combining rolling deformation with Wire–Arc Additive Manufacture on β-grain refinement and texture modification in Ti–6Al–4V Open
In Additive Manufacture (AM), with the widely used titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V, the solidification conditions typically result in undesirable, coarse-columnar, primary β grain structures. This can result in a strong texture and mechanical ani…
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Stretchable surfaces with programmable 3D texture morphing for synthetic camouflaging skins Open
3D texture morphing for camouflage Some animals, such as cephalopods, use soft tissue to change shape reversibly for camouflage and object manipulation. Pikul et al. used fixed-length fiber mesh embedded in a silicone elastomer to transfor…
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Texture formation in metal alloys with cubic crystal structures Open
The present paper gives a concise overview of a number of current issues in the literature on texture formation in alloys with cubic crystal structures, mainly steel and aluminium alloys. As crystallographic texture determines to a large e…
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Strong texturing of lithium metal in batteries Open
Significance This work represents a first attempt to study the crystallographic texture of Li metal in batteries. X-ray diffraction pole-figure analysis demonstrates that the texture of Li deposition is primarily dependent on the type of a…
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A Centrosymmetric Hexagonal Magnet with Superstable Biskyrmion Magnetic Nanodomains in a Wide Temperature Range of 100–340 K Open
Superstable biskyrmion magnetic nanodomains are experimentally observed for the first time in a hexagonal MnNiGa, a common and easily produced centrosymmetric material. The biskyrmion states in MnNiGa thin plates, as determined by the comb…
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Simulating tactile signals from the whole hand with millisecond precision Open
Significance When we grasp an object, thousands of tactile nerve fibers become activated and inform us about its physical properties (e.g., shape, size, and texture). Although the properties of individual fibers have been described, our un…
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Sensorial and Nutritional Aspects of Cultured Meat in Comparison to Traditional Meat: Much to Be Inferred Open
Cultured meat aspires to be biologically equivalent to traditional meat. If cultured meat is to be consumed, sensorial (texture, color, flavor) and nutritional characteristics are of utmost importance. This paper compares cultured meat to …
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Construct Robust Epitaxial Growth of (101) Textured Zinc Metal Anode for Long Life and High Capacity in Mild Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries Open
Aqueous zinc‐metal batteries are considered to have the potential for energy storage due to their high safety and low cost. However, the practical applications of zinc batteries are limited by dendrite growth and side reactions. Epitaxial …
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Mesoscale texture of cement hydrates Open
Significance Calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H) nanoscale gels are the main binding agent in cement and concrete, crucial for the strength and the long-term evolution of the material. Even more than the molecular structure, the C–S–H mesosca…
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Structure, Texture and Phases in 3D Printed IN718 Alloy Subjected to Homogenization and HIP Treatments Open
3D printing results in anisotropy in the microstructure and mechanical properties. The focus of this study is to investigate the structure, texture and phase evolution of the as-printed and heat treated IN718 superalloy. Cylindrical specim…
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Mechanical and microstructural testing of wire and arc additively manufactured sheet material Open
Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a method of 3D printing that enables large elements to be built, with reasonable printing times and costs. There are, however, uncertainties relating to the structural performance of WAAM mater…
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Predicting tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced via directed energy deposition Open
Advanced manufacturing approaches, including additive manufacturing (i.e., "3D printing") of metallic structures requires a change to qualification strategies. One approach, informed qualification, integrates modeling strategies to make pr…
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Control and manipulation of a magnetic skyrmionium in nanostructures Open
A magnetic skyrmionium is a nontopological soliton, which has a doughnut-like\nout-of-plane spin texture in thin films, and can be phenomenologically viewed\nas a coalition of two topological magnetic skyrmions with opposite topological\nn…