Eddy ≈ Eddy
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Submesoscale currents in the ocean Open
This article is a perspective on the recently discovered realm of submesoscale currents in the ocean. They are intermediate-scale flow structures in the form of density fronts and filaments, topographic wakes and persistent coherent vortic…
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Wall-Modeled Large-Eddy Simulation for Complex Turbulent Flows Open
Large-eddy simulation (LES) has proven to be a computationally tractable approach to simulate unsteady turbulent flows. However, prohibitive resolution requirements induced by near-wall eddies in high–Reynolds number boundary layers necess…
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Coherent structures in wall-bounded turbulence Open
This article discusses the description of wall-bounded turbulence as a deterministic high-dimensional dynamical system of interacting coherent structures, defined as eddies with enough internal dynamics to behave relatively autonomously fr…
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The Antarctic Slope Current in a Changing Climate Open
The Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) is a coherent circulation feature that rings the Antarctic continental shelf and regulates the flow of water toward the Antarctic coastline. The structure and variability of the ASC influences key processe…
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Modulation of Wind Work by Oceanic Current Interaction with the Atmosphere Open
In this study, uncoupled and coupled ocean–atmosphere simulations are carried out for the California Upwelling System to assess the dynamic ocean–atmosphere interactions, namely, the ocean surface current feedback to the atmosphere. The au…
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The Role of Ekman Currents, Geostrophy, and Stokes Drift in the Accumulation of Floating Microplastic Open
Floating microplastic in the oceans is known to accumulate in the subtropical ocean gyres, but unclear is still what causes that accumulation. We investigate the role of various physical processes, such as surface Ekman and geostrophic cur…
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Small‐scale open ocean currents have large effects on wind wave heights Open
Tidal currents and large‐scale oceanic currents are known to modify ocean wave properties, causing extreme sea states that are a hazard to navigation. Recent advances in the understanding and modeling capability of open ocean currents have…
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The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in High‐Resolution Models Open
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) represents the zonally integrated stream function of meridional volume transport in the Atlantic Basin. The AMOC plays an important role in transporting heat meridionally in the climat…
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Anticyclonic eddies are more productive than cyclonic eddies in subtropical gyres because of winter mixing Open
In subtropical ocean gyres, anticyclonic eddies increase surface nutrient injection and primary production during winter.
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Extended Lifetime of Respiratory Droplets in a Turbulent Vapor Puff and Its Implications on Airborne Disease Transmission Open
To quantify the fate of respiratory droplets under different ambient relative humidities, direct numerical simulations of a typical respiratory event are performed. We found that, because small droplets (with initial diameter of 10 μm) are…
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Challenges and Prospects for Reducing Coupled Climate Model SST Biases in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic and Pacific Oceans: The U.S. CLIVAR Eastern Tropical Oceans Synthesis Working Group Open
Well-known problems trouble coupled general circulation models of the eastern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basins. Model climates are significantly more symmetric about the equator than is observed. Model sea surface temperatures are biased …
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Anticyclonic Eddies Connecting the Western Boundaries of Indian and Atlantic Oceans Open
The Indo‐Atlantic interocean exchanges achieved by Agulhas Rings are tightly linked to global ocean circulation and climate. Yet they are still poorly understood because they are difficult to identify and follow. We propose here an origina…
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Narrowing of the ITCZ in a warming climate: Physical mechanisms Open
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) narrows in response to global warming in both observations and climate models. However, a physical understanding of this narrowing is lacking. Here we show that the narrowing of the ITCZ in simulat…
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Submesoscale Dynamics in the Upper Ocean Open
Oceanic motions with spatial scales of 200 m–20 km, called submesoscales, are ubiquitous in the upper ocean and serve as a key intermediary between larger-scale balanced dynamics and unbalanced turbulence. Here, we introduce the fluid dyna…
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Ocean‐Scale Interactions From Space Open
Satellite observations of the last two decades have led to a major breakthrough emphasizing the existence of a strongly energetic mesoscale turbulent eddy field in all the oceans. This ocean mesoscale turbulence is characterized by cycloni…
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Up to What Extent Can We Characterize Ocean Eddies Using Present‐Day Gridded Altimetric Products? Open
The most common methodology used to detect and characterize mesoscale eddies in the global ocean is to analyze altimetry‐based sea‐level gridded products with an automatic eddy detection and tracking algorithm. However, a careful look at t…
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Passive scalars in turbulent channel flow at high Reynolds number Open
We study passive scalars in turbulent plane channels at computationally high Reynolds number, thus allowing us to observe previously unnoticed effects. The mean scalar profiles are found to obey a generalized logarithmic law which includes…
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Intense submesoscale upwelling in anticyclonic eddies Open
Observations from around the global ocean show that enhanced biological activity can be found in anticyclonic eddies. This may mean that upwelling of nutrient‐rich water occurs within the eddy, but such upwelling is not captured by models …
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Mesoscale Eddies Modulate Mixed Layer Depth Globally Open
Mesoscale eddies, energetic vortices covering nearly a third of the ocean surface at any one time, modulate the spatial and temporal evolution of the mixed layer. We present a global analysis of concurrent satellite observations of mesosca…
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ICON-Sapphire: simulating the components of the Earth system and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales Open
State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapph…
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Ocean Mesoscale and Frontal-Scale Ocean–Atmosphere Interactions and Influence on Large-Scale Climate: A Review Open
Two decades of high-resolution satellite observations and climate modeling studies have indicated strong ocean–atmosphere coupled feedback mediated by ocean mesoscale processes, including semipermanent and meandrous SST fronts, mesoscale e…
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The Submesoscale Kinetic Energy Cascade: Mesoscale Absorption of Submesoscale Mixed Layer Eddies and Frontal Downscale Fluxes Open
Mesoscale eddies can be strengthened by the absorption of submesoscale eddies resulting from mixed layer baroclinic instabilities. This is shown for mesoscale eddies in the Agulhas Current system by investigating the kinetic energy cascade…
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Mesoscale eddies release pelagic sharks from thermal constraints to foraging in the ocean twilight zone Open
Mesoscale eddies are critical components of the ocean’s “internal weather” system. Mixing and stirring by eddies exerts significant control on biogeochemical fluxes in the open ocean, and eddies may trap distinctive plankton communities th…
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Toward an Energetically Consistent, Resolution Aware Parameterization of Ocean Mesoscale Eddies Open
A subgrid‐scale eddy parameterization is developed, which makes use of an explicit eddy kinetic energy budget and can be applied at both “non‐eddying” and “eddy‐permitting” resolutions. The subgrid‐scale eddies exchange energy with the res…
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Circum‐Antarctic Shoreward Heat Transport Derived From an Eddy‐ and Tide‐Resolving Simulation Open
Almost all heat reaching the bases of Antarctica's ice shelves originates from warm Circumpolar Deep Water in the open Southern Ocean. This study quantifies the roles of mean and transient flows in transporting heat across almost the entir…
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Submesoscale Sea Ice‐Ocean Interactions in Marginal Ice Zones Open
Signatures of ocean eddies, fronts, and filaments are commonly observed within marginal ice zones (MIZs) from satellite images of sea ice concentration, and in situ observations via ice‐tethered profilers or underice gliders. However, loca…
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Enhanced eddy activity in the Beaufort Gyre in response to sea ice loss Open
The Beaufort Gyre freshwater content has increased since the 1990s, potentially stabilizing in recent years. The mechanisms proposed to explain the stabilization involve either mesoscale eddy activity that opposes Ekman pumping or the redu…
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Interaction of sea ice floe size, ocean eddies, and sea ice melting Open
The effect of the horizontal size of sea ice floes on sea ice melting is commonly formulated using the ratio between side and basal floe area. This leads to the conclusion that floe size is not important for sea ice evolution when floes ex…
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Lagrangian Views of the Pathways of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Open
The Lagrangian method—where current location and intensity are determined by tracking the movement of flow along its path—is the oldest technique for measuring the ocean circulation. For centuries, mariners used compilations of ship drift …
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Reviews and syntheses: Physical and biogeochemical processes associated with upwelling in the Indian Ocean Open
The Indian Ocean presents two distinct climate regimes. The north Indian Ocean is dominated by the monsoons, whereas the seasonal reversal is less pronounced in the south. The prevailing wind pattern produces upwelling along different part…