Effective radius
View article: The MODIS Cloud Optical and Microphysical Products: Collection 6 Updates and Examples From Terra and Aqua
The MODIS Cloud Optical and Microphysical Products: Collection 6 Updates and Examples From Terra and Aqua Open
The MODIS Level-2 cloud product (Earth Science Data Set names MOD06 and MYD06 for Terra and Aqua MODIS, respectively) provides pixel-level retrievals of cloud-top properties (day and night pressure, temperature, and height) and cloud optic…
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Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies Open
New surface photometry of all known elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster is combined with published data to derive composite profiles of brightness, ellipticity, position angle, isophote shape, and color over large radius ranges. These…
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Remote Sensing of Droplet Number Concentration in Warm Clouds: A Review of the Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives Open
The cloud droplet number concentration ( N d ) is of central interest to improve the understanding of cloud physics and for quantifying the effective radiative forcing by aerosol‐cloud interactions. Current standard satellite retrievals do…
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A microphysics guide to cirrus – Part 2: Climatologies of clouds and humidity from observations Open
This study presents airborne in situ and satellite remote sensing climatologies of cirrus clouds and humidity. The climatologies serve as a guide to the properties of cirrus clouds, with the new in situ database providing detailed insights…
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Selection bias in dynamically measured supermassive black hole samples: its consequences and the quest for the most fundamental relation Open
We compare the set of local galaxies having dynamically measured black holes with a large, unbiased sample of galaxies extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We confirm earlier work showing that the majority of black hole hosts have …
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Aerosol measurements by SPEXone on the NASA PACE mission: expected retrieval capabilities Open
SPEXone is a Multi-Angle Polarimeter instrument that is baselined to fly on the NASA Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, and ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission, to be launched in 2022. It will perform hyper-spectral measurements of radiance and polariza…
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Challenges in constraining anthropogenic aerosol effects on cloud radiative forcing using present-day spatiotemporal variability Open
A large number of processes are involved in the chain from emissions of aerosol precursor gases and primary particles to impacts on cloud radiative forcing. Those processes are manifest in a number of relationships that can be expressed as…
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Potential of polarization lidar to provide profiles of CCN- and INP-relevant aerosol parameters Open
We investigate the potential of polarization lidar to provide vertical profiles of aerosol parameters from which cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) and ice nucleating particle (INP) number concentrations can be estimated. We show that height…
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Sensitivity of Aerosol Distribution and Climate Response to Stratospheric SO<sub>2</sub> Injection Locations Open
Injection of SO 2 into the stratosphere has been proposed as a method to, in part, counteract anthropogenic climate change. So far, most studies investigated injections at the equator or in a region in the tropics. Here we use Community Ea…
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The SAMI Galaxy Survey: the link between angular momentum and optical morphology Open
We investigate the relationship between stellar and gas specific angular momentum j, stellar massM* and optical morphology for a sample of 488 galaxies extracted from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field Galaxy Survey.We find that j,…
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The Stellar Initial Mass Function in Early-type Galaxies from Absorption Line Spectroscopy. III. Radial Gradients Open
There is good evidence that the centers of massive early-type galaxies have a bottom-heavy stellar initial mass function (IMF) compared to that of the Milky Way. Here we study the radial variation of the IMF within such galaxies, using a c…
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Enlarging Rainfall Area of Tropical Cyclones by Atmospheric Aerosols Open
The size of a tropical cyclone (TC), measured by the area of either rainfall or wind, is an important indicator for the potential damage by TC. Modeling studies suggested that aerosols tend to enhance rainfall in the outer rainbands, which…
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The Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) with the VST: III. Low Surface Brightness\n (LSB) dwarfs and Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in the center of the Fornax\n cluster Open
Studies of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in nearby clusters have\nrevealed a sub-population of extremely diffuse galaxies with central surface\nbrightness $\\mu_{0,g'}$ > 24 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ and effective radius between 1.5\nkpc 2…
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Advanced characterisation of aerosol size properties from measurements of spectral optical depth using the GRASP algorithm Open
This study evaluates the potential of using aerosol optical depth (τa) measurements to characterise the microphysical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols. With this aim, we used the recently developed GRASP (Generalized Retrieva…
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Aerosol–fog interaction and the transition to well-mixed radiation fog Open
We analyse the development of a radiation fog event and its gradual transition from optically thin fog in a stable boundary layer to well-mixed optically thick fog. A comparison of observations and a detailed large-eddy simulation demonstr…
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In situ and space‐based observations of the Kelud volcanic plume: The persistence of ash in the lower stratosphere Open
Volcanic eruptions are important causes of natural variability in the climate system at all time scales. Assessments of the climate impact of volcanic eruptions by climate models almost universally assume that sulfate aerosol is the only r…
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Negative Aerosol‐Cloud <i>r</i><sub><i>e</i></sub> Relationship From Aircraft Observations Over Hebei, China Open
Using six flights observations in September 2015 over Hebei, China, this study shows a robust negative aerosol‐cloud droplet effective radius ( r e ) relationship for liquid clouds, which is different from previous studies that found posit…
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New understanding and quantification of the regime dependence of aerosol‐cloud interaction for studying aerosol indirect effects Open
Aerosol indirect effects suffer from large uncertainty in climate models and among observations. This study focuses on two plausible factors: regime dependence of aerosol‐cloud interactions and the effect of cloud droplet spectral shape. W…
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Microphysical characterization of long-range transported biomass burning particles from North America at three EARLINET stations Open
Strong events of long-range transported biomass burning aerosol were detected during July 2013 at three EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) stations, namely Granada (Spain), Leipzig (Germany) and Warsaw (Poland). Satellite o…
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Properties of individual contrails: a compilation of observations and some comparisons Open
Mean properties of individual contrails are characterized for a wide range of jet aircraft as a function of age during their life cycle from seconds to 11.5 h (7.4–18.7 km altitude, −88 to −31 °C ambient temperature), based on a compilatio…
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SALSA2.0: The sectional aerosol module of the aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM6.3.0-HAM2.3-MOZ1.0 Open
In this paper, we present the implementation and evaluation of the aerosol microphysics module SALSA2.0 in the framework of the aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM-HAMMOZ. It is an alternative microphysics module to the default modal mic…
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The co-evolution of total density profiles and central dark matter fractions in simulated early-type galaxies Open
We present evidence from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for a\nco-evolution of the slope of the total (dark and stellar) mass density profile,\ngamma_tot, and the dark matter fraction within the half-mass radius, f_DM, in\nearly-t…
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Cloud property datasets retrieved from AVHRR, MODIS, AATSR and MERIS in the framework of the Cloud_cci project Open
New cloud property datasets based on measurements from the passive imaging satellite sensors AVHRR, MODIS, ATSR2, AATSR and MERIS are presented. Two retrieval systems were developed that include components for cloud detection and cloud typ…
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MODIS Collection 6 shortwave-derived cloud phase classification algorithm and comparisons with CALIOP Open
Cloud thermodynamic phase (ice, liquid, undetermined) classification is an important first step for cloud retrievals from passive sensors such as MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Because ice and liquid phase clouds ha…
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Spatially resolved spectroscopy of early-type galaxies over a range in mass Open
Long-slit spectra have been obtained with the Keck telescope for a sample of 11 early-type galaxies covering a wide range in luminosity and hence mass. Rotation velocity and velocity dispersions, together with 19 Lick line-strength gradien…
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Resolving ice cloud optical thickness biases between CALIOP and MODIS using infrared retrievals Open
Despite its importance as one of the key radiative properties that determines the impact of upper tropospheric clouds on the radiation balance, ice cloud optical thickness (IOT) has proven to be one of the more challenging properties to re…
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The East Asian Observatory SCUBA-2 Survey of the COSMOS Field: Unveiling 1147 Bright Sub-millimeter Sources across 2.6 Square Degrees Open
We present sensitive 850 μ m imaging of the Cosmological Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field using 640 hr of new and archival observations taken with SCUBA-2 at the East Asian Observatory’s James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The SCUBA-2 COSMOS sur…
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Further evidence for CCN aerosol concentrations determining the height of warm rain and ice initiation in convective clouds over the Amazon basin Open
We have investigated how aerosols affect the height above cloud base of rain and ice hydrometeor initiation and the subsequent vertical evolution of cloud droplet size and number concentrations in growing convective cumulus. For this purpo…
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The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 with MUSE Open
The so-called ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 was announced to be a galaxy lacking dark matter based on a spectroscopic study of its constituent globular clusters. Here we present the first spectroscopic analysis of the stellar body of t…
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A physically motivated definition for the size of galaxies in an era of ultradeep imaging Open
Present-day multiwavelength deep imaging surveys allow to characterize the outskirts of galaxies with unprecedented precision. Taking advantage of this situation, we define a new physically motivated measurement of size for galaxies based …