Exopolymer
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The organic sea-surface microlayer in the upwelling region off the coast of Peru and potential implications for air–sea exchange processes Open
The sea-surface microlayer (SML) is at the uppermost surface of the ocean, linking the hydrosphere with the atmosphere. The presence and enrichment of organic compounds in the SML have been suggested to influence air–sea gas exchange proce…
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Characteristics and roles of <i>Microcystis</i> extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in cyanobacterial blooms: a short review Open
Cyanobacterial blooms are serious eco-environmental problem, and cyanobacteria can produce large amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPS, as complex polymers, possess several characteristics, such as hydrophobicity, carbon…
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Role and significance of biofilm-forming microbes in phytoremediation -A review Open
Heavy metals pollution in the environment is a result of continuous urbanization and industrialization processes, and it has become a major issue for the environment and human health. Microbial biofilms are dense ground communities of micr…
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Surface-layer protein is a public-good matrix exopolymer for microbial community organisation in environmental anammox biofilms Open
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are core biofilm components, yet how they mediate interactions within and contribute to the structuring of biofilms is largely unknown, particularly for non-culturable microbial communities that pre…
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Bacterial Colonization and Vertical Distribution of Marine Gel Particles (TEP and CSP) in the Arctic Fram Strait Open
Gel particles—a class of abundant transparent organic particles—have increasingly gathered attention in marine research. Field studies on the bacterial colonization of marine gels however are still scarce. So far, most studies on respectiv…
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An updated method for the calibration of transparent exopolymer particle measurements Open
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) are biologically derived, polysaccharide‐rich, gel‐like particles that play important roles in ocean carbon cycling. The original spectrophotometric method for TEP quantification published in 1995 by …
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Membrane Fouling in Algal Separation Processes: A Review of Influencing Factors and Mechanisms Open
The use of algal biotechnologies in the production of biofuels, food, and valuable products has gained momentum in recent years, owing to its distinctive rapid growth and compatibility to be coupled to wastewater treatment in membrane phot…
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Heterotrophic Bacteria Enhance the Aggregation of the Marine Picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus Open
Marine picocyanobacteria are ubiquitous primary producers across the world's oceans, and play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Recent evidence stemming from in situ investigations have shown that picocyanobacteria are able to sink ou…
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Dynamics of transparent exopolymer particle production and aggregation during viral infection of the coccolithophore, <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> Open
Summary Emiliania huxleyi produces calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) coccoliths and transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), sticky, acidic carbohydrates that facilitate aggregation. E. huxleyi's extensive oceanic blooms are often terminated by c…
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Coomassie Stainable Particles (CSP): Protein Containing Exopolymer Particles in the Ocean Open
Exopolymer particles play a significant role in biogeochemical processes in the ocean. Coomassie stainable particles (CSP) are a class of gel-like exopolymer particles that contain protein. CSP are abundant and ubiquitous in the global oce…
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Proteins dominate in the surface layers formed on materials exposed to extracellular polymeric substances from bacterial cultures Open
The chemical compositions of the surface conditioning layers formed by different types of solutions (from isolated EPS to whole culture media), involving different bacterial strains relevant for biocorrosion were compared, as they may infl…
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Prochlorococcus as a Possible Source for Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) Open
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), usually associated with phytoplankton blooms, promote the formation of marine aggregates. Their exportation to deep waters is considered a key component of the biological carbon pump. Here, we explor…
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Protein and Carbohydrate Exopolymer Particles in the Sea Surface Microlayer (SML) Open
Exchanges of matter and energy between ocean and atmosphere occur through the sea surface microlayer (SML). The SML is the thin surface layer of the ocean at the ocean-atmosphere interface that has distinctive physical, chemical and biolog…
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Bacterial Community Composition in the Sea Surface Microlayer Off the Peruvian Coast Open
The sea surface microlayer (SML) is located at the air-sea interface, with microorganisms and organic matter in the SML influencing air-sea exchange processes. Yet understanding of the SML bacterial (bacterioneuston) community composition …
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Cyanobacterial exopolymer properties differentiate microbial carbonate fabrics Open
Although environmental changes and evolution of life are potentially recorded via microbial carbonates, including laminated stromatolites and clotted thrombolites, factors controlling their fabric are still a matter of controversy. Herein,…
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Exopolysaccharide Production by Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 Is Repressed by Genistein in a NodD1-Dependent Manner Open
In the rhizobia-legume symbiotic interaction, bacterial surface polysaccharides, such as exopolysaccharide (EPS), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), K-antigen polysaccharide (KPS) or cyclic glucans (CG), appear to play crucial roles either acting a…
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Experimental evidence of formation of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and POC export provoked by dust addition under current and high pCO2 conditions Open
The evolution of organic carbon export to the deep ocean, under anthropogenic forcing such as ocean warming and acidification, needs to be investigated in order to evaluate potential positive or negative feedbacks on atmospheric CO2 concen…
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Secretion of sulfated fucans by diatoms may contribute to marine aggregate formation Open
Microalgae produce copious amounts of structurally diverse polysaccharides, some are bound within cells and cell walls, while others are secreted into the surrounding seawater. A fraction of the secreted polysaccharides assembles into part…
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Over-calcified forms of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> in high-CO <sub>2</sub> waters are not preadapted to ocean acidification Open
Marine multicellular organisms inhabiting waters with natural high fluctuations in pH appear more tolerant to acidification than conspecifics occurring in nearby stable waters, suggesting that environments of fluctuating pH hold genetic re…
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Rising bubbles enhance the gelatinous nature of the air–sea interface Open
Bubbles rising through the water column are known to scavenge organic material and microorganisms, and transport them through the air–sea interface after bursting. This mechanism has important implications for air–sea exchange processes. H…
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High number concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles in ambient aerosol particles and cloud water – a case study at the tropical Atlantic Ocean Open
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) exhibit the properties of gels and are ubiquitously found in the world oceans. TEPs may enter the atmosphere as part of sea-spray aerosol. Here, we report number concentrations of TEPs with a diamete…
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Main drivers of transparent exopolymer particle distribution across the surface Atlantic Ocean Open
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) are a class of gel particles, produced mainly by microorganisms, which play important roles in biogeochemical processes such as carbon cycling and export. TEPs (a) are colonized by carbon-consuming m…
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Organic Matter Composition of Biomineral Flocs and Its Influence on Suspended Particulate Matter Dynamics Along a Nearshore to Offshore Transect Open
The seasonal variation in concentration of transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) were investigated together with floc size and the concentration of suspended partic…
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Molecular characterization of acutely and gradually heavy metal acclimated aquatic bacteria by FTIR spectroscopy Open
In the environment, bacteria can be exposed to the concentration gradient of toxic heavy metals (gradual) or sudden high concentration of them (acute). In both situations, bacteria get acclimated to toxic heavy metal concentrations. Acclim…
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Effect of wind speed on the size distribution of gel particles in the sea surface microlayer: insights from a wind–wave channel experiment Open
Gel particles, such as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie stainable particles (CSP), are important organic components in the sea surface microlayer (SML). Here, we present results on the effect of different wind speeds on…
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Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) in the NW Mediterranean Sea Are Linked to Chlorophyll a and O2 Variability Open
Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) are relevant in particle and carbon fluxes in the ocean, and have economic impact in the desalination industry affecting reverse osmosis membrane fouling. However, general models of their occurrence a…
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Dynamics of Dissolution, Killing, and Inhibition of Dental Plaque Biofilm Open
The present study aims to establish a standardized model that makes it possible to evaluate the dynamic dissolution of biofilm, killing of biofilm microbes and inhibition of growth of biofilm by disinfecting solutions. Biofilm was grown fr…
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Transparent Exopolymer Particles in Deep Oceans: Synthesis and Future Challenges Open
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) are a class of abundant gel-like particles that are omnipresent in seawater. While versatile roles of TEP in the regulation of carbon cycles have been studied extensively over the past three decades, …
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Bacteria contribute exopolysaccharides to an algal-bacterial joint extracellular matrix Open
Marine ecosystems are influenced by phytoplankton aggregation, which affects processes like marine snow formation and harmful events such as marine mucilage outbreaks. Phytoplankton secrete exopolymers, creating an extracellular matrix (EC…
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Dynamics and Origin of Transparent Exopolymer Particles in the Oyashio Region of the Western Subarctic Pacific during the Spring Diatom Bloom Open
The seasonal biological drawdown of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the surface waters of the Oyashio region of the western subarctic Pacific is one of the greatest among the world's oceans. This is attributable to spring diatom bloo…