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What would it take for renewably powered electrosynthesis to displace petrochemical processes? Open
BACKGROUND As the world continues to transition toward carbon emissions–free energy technologies, there remains a need to also reduce the carbon emissions of the chemical production industry. Today many of the world’s chemicals are produce…
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How green is blue hydrogen? Open
Hydrogen is often viewed as an important energy carrier in a future decarbonized world. Currently, most hydrogen is produced by steam reforming of methane in natural gas (“gray hydrogen”), with high carbon dioxide emissions. Increasingly, …
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Core–shell structured catalysts for thermocatalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> Open
An in-depth assessment of properties of core–shell catalysts and their application in the thermocatalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic conversion of CO2into synthesis gas and valuable hydrocarbons.
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Supported Catalysts for CO2 Methanation: A Review Open
CO2 methanation is a well-known reaction that is of interest as a capture and storage (CCS) process and as a renewable energy storage system based on a power-to-gas conversion process by substitute or synthetic natural gas (SNG) production…
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A Review on Bimetallic Nickel‐Based Catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> Reforming of Methane Open
In recent years, CO 2 reforming of methane (dry reforming of methane, DRM) has become an attractive research area because it converts two major greenhouse gasses into syngas (CO and H 2 ), which can be directly used as fuel or feedstock fo…
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Synergistic electroreduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide on bimetallic layered conjugated metal-organic frameworks Open
Highly effective electrocatalysts promoting CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) is extremely desirable to produce value-added chemicals/fuels while addressing current environmental challenges. Herein, we develop a layer-stacked, bimetallic t…
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Gas Fermentation—A Flexible Platform for Commercial Scale Production of Low-Carbon-Fuels and Chemicals from Waste and Renewable Feedstocks Open
There is an immediate need to drastically reduce the emissions associated with global fossil fuel consumption in order to limit climate change. However, carbon-based materials, chemicals, and transportation fuels are predominantly made fro…
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Fundamentals and applications of photocatalytic CO2 methanation Open
The extraction and combustion of fossil natural gas, consisting primarily of methane, generates vast amounts of greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. However, as a result of recent research efforts, “solar methane” can now be…
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Opportunities and Challenges for Catalysis in Carbon Dioxide Utilization Open
The environmental and societal consequences of the increasing levels of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere are among the most significant challenges society currently faces. Carbon dioxide utilization, in which carbon dioxide is either used …
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Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review Open
The production of biofuels from renewable sources is a major challenge in research. Methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether (DME), synthetic natural gas (SNG), and hydrogen can be produced from syngas which is the result of the gasification of b…
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Steam gasification of biomass with subsequent syngas adjustment using shift reaction for syngas production: An Aspen Plus model Open
A simulation model of biomass gasification for syngas production with steam as gasifying agent and subsequent syngas adjustment has been developed using Aspen Plus. The developed model is based on Gibbs free energy minimization applying th…
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A stable covalent organic framework for photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction Open
A metal-decorated alkene-linked covalent organic framework is a robust, selective photocatalyst for CO2 reduction.
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Dry Reforming of Methane on a Highly‐Active Ni‐CeO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst: Effects of Metal‐Support Interactions on C−H Bond Breaking Open
Ni‐CeO 2 is a highly efficient, stable and non‐expensive catalyst for methane dry reforming at relative low temperatures (700 K). The active phase of the catalyst consists of small nanoparticles of nickel dispersed on partially reduced cer…
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Syngas production from electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>: current status and prospective implementation Open
The opportunities and challenges for exploiting the production of syngas from the electrochemical reduction of CO2are critically reviewed and analysed.
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One‐Step Reforming of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> into High‐Value Liquid Chemicals and Fuels at Room Temperature by Plasma‐Driven Catalysis Open
The conversion of CO 2 with CH 4 into liquid fuels and chemicals in a single‐step catalytic process that bypasses the production of syngas remains a challenge. In this study, liquid fuels and chemicals (e.g., acetic acid, methanol, ethanol…
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Multilayer Electrolyzer Stack Converts Carbon Dioxide to Gas Products at High Pressure with High Efficiency Open
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 is a value-added approach to both decrease the atmospheric emission of carbon dioxide and form valuable chemicals. We present a zero gap electrolyzer cell, which continuously converts gas phase CO2 to produ…
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Direct Methane to Methanol: The Selectivity–Conversion Limit and Design Strategies Open
Currently, methane is transformed into methanol through the two-step syngas process, which requires high temperatures and centralized production. While the slightly exothermic direct partial oxidation of methane to methanol would be prefer…
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Electrochemical Conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> to Syngas with Controllable CO/H<sub>2</sub> Ratios over Co and Ni Single‐Atom Catalysts Open
The electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) to yield synthesis gas (syngas, CO and H 2 ) has been considered as a promising method to realize the net reduction in CO 2 emission. However, it is challenging to balance the CO 2 RR a…
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A comprehensive review of primary strategies for tar removal in biomass gasification Open
In the current energy scenario, the production of heat, power and biofuels from biomass has become of major interest. Amongst diverse thermochemical routes, gasification has stood out as a key technology for the large-scale application of …
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Tunable Cu Enrichment Enables Designer Syngas Electrosynthesis from CO<sub>2</sub> Open
Using renewable energy to recycle CO2 provides an opportunity to both reduce net CO2 emissions and synthesize fuels and chemical feedstocks. It is of central importance to design electrocatalysts that both are efficient and can access a tu…
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Unique hole-accepting carbon-dots promoting selective carbon dioxide reduction nearly 100% to methanol by pure water Open
Solar-driven CO 2 reduction by abundant water to alcohols can supply sustainable liquid fuels and alleviate global warming. However, the sluggish water oxidation reaction has been hardly reported to be efficient and selective in CO 2 conve…
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Design of efficient bifunctional catalysts for direct conversion of syngas into lower olefins<i>via</i>methanol/dimethyl ether intermediates Open
Zn–ZrO2/SSZ-13 catalyzed direct conversion of syngas into lower olefinsviamethanol/DME intermediates with 77% selectivity at 29% CO conversion.
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Technologies and infrastructures underpinning future CO 2 value chains: A comprehensive review and comparative analysis Open
In addition to carbon capture and storage, efforts are also being focussed on using captured CO2, both directly as a working fluid and in chemical conversion processes, as a key strategy for mitigating climate change and achieving resource…
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Confined small-sized cobalt catalysts stimulate carbon-chain growth reversely by modifying ASF law of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis Open
Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising technology to convert syngas derived from non-petroleum-based resources to valuable chemicals or fuels. Selectively producing target products will bring great economic benefits, but unfortunat…
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Catalytic Dry Reforming of Methane: Insights from Model Systems Open
Catalytic dry reforming under industrially relevant conditions of high pressures and high temperatures poses severe challenges towards catalyst materials and process engineering. The demanding conditions under which the reaction is perform…
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Cost benefits of optimizing hydrogen storage and methanation capacities for Power-to-Gas plants in dynamic operation Open
Power-to-Gas technologies offer a promising approach for converting renewable electricity into a molecular form (fuel) to serve the energy demands of non-electric energy applications in all end-use sectors. The technologies have been broad…
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Green Diesel: Biomass Feedstocks, Production Technologies, Catalytic Research, Fuel Properties and Performance in Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engines Open
The present investigation provides an overview of the current technology related to the green diesel, from the classification and chemistry of the available biomass feedstocks to the possible production technologies and up to the final fue…
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Co-precipitation, impregnation and so-gel preparation of Ni catalysts for pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming of waste plastics Open
Three Ni/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by co-precipitation, impregnation and sol-gel methods were investigated for the pyrolysis-steam reforming of waste plastics. The influence of Ni loading method on the physicochemical properties and the cat…
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Calcium-looping reforming of methane realizes in situ CO <sub>2</sub> utilization with improved energy efficiency Open
Calcium-looping reforming of methane helps close the anthropogenic carbon cycle directly at large CO 2 stationary sources.
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Process Advantages of Direct CO2 to Methanol Synthesis Open
Developing a laboratory scale or pilot scale chemical process into industrial scale is not trivial. The direct conversion of CO2 to methanol, and concomitant production of hydrogen from water electrolysis on large scale, are no exception. …