Group (periodic table) ≈ Group (periodic table)
View article: Body Fatness and Cancer — Viewpoint of the IARC Working Group
Body Fatness and Cancer — Viewpoint of the IARC Working Group Open
The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a workshop on the relationship between body fatness and cancer, from which an IARC handbook on the topic will appear. An executive summary of the evidence is presented.
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Soil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale Open
Soil organisms are a crucial part of the terrestrial biosphere. Despite their importance for ecosystem functioning, few quantitative, spatially explicit models of the active belowground community currently exist. In particular, nematodes a…
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Recent progress in 2D group-VA semiconductors: from theory to experiment Open
This review provides recent theoretical and experimental progress in the fundamental properties, electronic modulations, fabrications and applications of 2D group-VA materials.
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NHCs in Main Group Chemistry Open
Since the discovery of the first stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) in the beginning of the 1990s, these divalent carbon species have become a common and available class of compounds, which have found numerous applications in academic and…
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Functionalization of C(sp <sup>3</sup> )–H bonds using a transient directing group Open
Amino acids can lend palladium a hand Metals such as rhodium and palladium (Pd) are adept at activating otherwise inert carbon-hydrogen bonds toward useful reactivity. To get properly oriented, they often require some help from oxygen or n…
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Ferroelectricity and Phase Transitions in Monolayer Group-IV Monochalcogenides Open
Ferroelectricity usually fades away as materials are thinned down below a critical value. We reveal that the unique ionic-potential anharmonicity can induce spontaneous in-plane electrical polarization and ferroelectricity in monolayer gro…
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Complementary Strategies for Directed C(sp<sup>3</sup>)−H Functionalization: A Comparison of Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Activation, Hydrogen Atom Transfer, and Carbene/Nitrene Transfer Open
The functionalization of C(sp 3 )−H bonds streamlines chemical synthesis by allowing the use of simple molecules and providing novel synthetic disconnections. Intensive recent efforts in the development of new reactions based on C−H functi…
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A Simple and Versatile Amide Directing Group for C−H Functionalizations Open
Achieving selective C−H activation at a single and strategic site in the presence of multiple C−H bonds can provide a powerful and generally useful retrosynthetic disconnection. In this context, a directing group serves as a compass to gui…
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Group Equivariant Convolutional Networks Open
We introduce Group equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks (G-CNNs), a natural generalization of convolutional neural networks that reduces sample complexity by exploiting symmetries. G-CNNs use G-convolutions, a new type of layer that e…
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The Strong Light‐Emission Materials in the Aggregated State: What Happens from a Single Molecule to the Collective Group Open
The strong light emission of organic luminogens in the aggregated state is essential to their applications as optoelectronic materials with good performance. In this review, with respect to the aggregation‐induced emission and room‐tempera…
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Enantioenriched Helicenes and Helicenoids Containing Main-Group Elements (B, Si, N, P) Open
In this review, we discuss the rich chemistry of helicenes and helicenoids containing main-group elements. Enantioenriched helicenic derivatives containing main-group elements B, Si, N, and P, either incorporated within the helical backbon…
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The Road Travelled: After Main‐Group Elements as Transition Metals Open
Since the latter quarter of the twentieth century, main group chemistry has undergone significant advances. Power's timely review in 2010 highlighted the inherent differences between the lighter and heavier main group elements, and that th…
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Stereotypes* Open
We present a model of stereotypes based on Kahneman and Tversky’s representativeness heuristic. A decision maker assesses a target group by overweighting its representative types, defined as the types that occur more frequently in that gro…
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Definition of the chalcogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) Open
This recommendation proposes a definition for the term “chalcogen bond”; it is recommended the term is used to designate the specific subset of inter- and intramolecular interactions formed by chalcogen atoms wherein the Group 16 element i…
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Modular Theory in Operator Algebras Open
The first edition of this book appeared in 1981 as a direct continuation of Lectures of von Neumann Algebras (by Ş.V. Strătilă and L. Zsidó) and, until 2003, was the only comprehensive monograph on the subject. Addressing the students of m…
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Physics beyond colliders at CERN: beyond the Standard Model working group report Open
The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN’s accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible…
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FA*IR Open
In this work, we define and solve the Fair Top-k Ranking problem, in which we\nwant to determine a subset of k candidates from a large pool of n >> k\ncandidates, maximizing utility (i.e., select the "best" candidates) subject to\ngroup fa…
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Band alignment of two-dimensional semiconductors for designing heterostructures with momentum space matching Open
We present a comprehensive study of the band alignments of two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials and highlight the possibilities of forming momentum-matched type I, II and III heterojunctions; an enticing possibility being atomic h…
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Representations of Finite Groups of Lie Type Open
On its original publication, this book provided the first elementary treatment of representation theory of finite groups of Lie type in book form. This second edition features new material to reflect the continuous evolution of the subject…
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Theta, time reversal and temperature Open
SU(N ) gauge theory is time reversal invariant at θ = 0 and θ = π. We show that at θ = π there is a discrete ’t Hooft anomaly involving time reversal and the center symmetry. This anomaly leads to constraints on the vacua of the theory. It…
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<i>AceDRG</i>: a stereochemical description generator for ligands Open
The program AceDRG is designed for the derivation of stereochemical information about small molecules. It uses local chemical and topological environment-based atom typing to derive and organize bond lengths and angles from a small-molecul…
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Network dynamics of social influence in the wisdom of crowds Open
Significance Since the discovery of the wisdom of crowds over 100 years ago theories of collective intelligence have held that group accuracy requires either statistical independence or informational diversity among individual beliefs. Emp…
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Sulfoximines as Rising Stars in Modern Drug Discovery? Current Status and Perspective on an Emerging Functional Group in Medicinal Chemistry Open
Sulfoximines have been largely disregarded in medicinal chemistry for a long time. However, recently, they have risen to the apparent level of stardom on the drug discovery scene. Considering the outstanding properties of sulfoximines, thi…
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Network science on belief system dynamics under logic constraints Open
Belief system dynamics People tend to structure their beliefs in a way that appears consistent to them. But how do some beliefs within groups persist in the face of social pressure, whereas others change and, by changing, influence a casca…
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Distributionally Robust Neural Networks for Group Shifts: On the Importance of Regularization for Worst-Case Generalization Open
Overparameterized neural networks can be highly accurate on average on an i.i.d. test set yet consistently fail on atypical groups of the data (e.g., by learning spurious correlations that hold on average but not in such groups). Distribut…
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Advancing the global physical activity agenda: recommendations for future research by the 2020 WHO physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines development group Open
Background In July, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) commenced work to update the 2010 Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health and established a Guideline Development Group (GDG) comprising expert public health scie…
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A pyrolysis-free path toward superiorly catalytic nitrogen-coordinated single atom Open
A pyrolysis-free synthetic approach is created to prepare nitrogen-coordinated single-atom catalysts.
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Gender Differences in Recognition for Group Work Open
We study whether gender influences credit attribution for group work using observational data and two experiments. We use data from academic economists to test whether coauthorship matters differently for tenure for men and women. We find …
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Establishing reactivity descriptors for platinum group metal (PGM)-free Fe–N–C catalysts for PEM fuel cells Open
Establishing new reactivity map descriptor of TOF–SD for PGM-free Fe–N–C catalysts ORR activity.
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A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation: Report of the independent High level Group on fake news and online disinformation Open
In January 2018, the European Commission set up a highlevel group of experts («the HLEG») to advise on policy initiatives to counter fake news and disinformation spread online. The HLEG consisted of 39 members and was chaired by Prof. Dr. …