Dentate gyrus ≈ Dentate gyrus
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Hipposeq: a comprehensive RNA-seq database of gene expression in hippocampal principal neurons Open
Clarifying gene expression in narrowly defined neuronal populations can provide insight into cellular identity, computation, and functionality. Here, we used next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to produce a quantitative, whole genome …
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Neural basis of major depressive disorder: Beyond monoamine hypothesis Open
The monoamine hypothesis has been accepted as the most common hypothesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) for a long period because of its simplicity and understandability. Actually, most currently used antidepressants have been consider…
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Coping with the Forced Swim Stressor: Towards Understanding an Adaptive Mechanism Open
In the forced swim test (FST) rodents progressively show increased episodes of immobility if immersed in a beaker with water from where escape is not possible. In this test, a compound qualifies as a potential antidepressant if it prevents…
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Adult microbiota‐deficient mice have distinct dendritic morphological changes: differential effects in the amygdala and hippocampus Open
Increasing evidence implicates the microbiota in the regulation of brain and behaviour. Germ‐free mice ( GF ; microbiota deficient from birth) exhibit altered stress hormone signalling and anxiety‐like behaviours as well as deficits in soc…
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Live imaging of neurogenesis in the adult mouse hippocampus Open
Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) generate neurons throughout life in the mammalian hippocampus. We used chronic in vivo imaging and followed genetically labeled individual NSPCs and their progeny in the mouse hippocampus for up to …
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Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Open
Cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) severely impact daily life for the millions of affected individuals. Progressive memory impairment in AD patients is associated with degeneration of the hippocampus. The dentate g…
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Strong Evidence for Pattern Separation in Human Dentate Gyrus Open
A fundamental property of an episodic memory system is the ability to minimize interference between similar episodes. The dentate gyrus (DG) subregion of the hippocampus is widely viewed to realize this function through a computation refer…
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A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study Reveals Cellular and Molecular Dynamics of the Hippocampal Neurogenic Niche Open
Adult neurogenesis in the murine dentate gyrus occurs in a specialized microenvironment that sustains the generation of neurons during life. To fully understand adult neurogenesis, it is essential to determine the neural stem cell (NSC) an…
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Impact of neurodegenerative diseases on human adult hippocampal neurogenesis Open
Disease and hippocampal dysfunction Impaired function of the brain’s hippocampus can underpin psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment. Looking at postmortem brain samples from patients affected by any of several neurodegenerative dis…
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Conservation and divergence of cortical cell organization in human and mouse revealed by MERFISH Open
The human cerebral cortex has tremendous cellular diversity. How different cell types are organized in the human cortex and how cellular organization varies across species remain unclear. In this study, we performed spatially resolved sing…
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Dentate gyrus mossy cells control spontaneous convulsive seizures and spatial memory Open
A way to prevent generalized seizures? Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common form of epilepsy in adults. Patients have spontaneous seizures and risk developing serious cognitive impairment. Bui et al. studied an animal model of tempora…
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Evidences for Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Humans Open
The rodent hippocampus generates new neurons throughout life. This process, named adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), is a striking form of neural plasticity that occurs in the brains of numerous mammalian species. Direct evidence of adu…
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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote neurogenesis and cognitive function recovery in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease Open
Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can enhance neural plasticity and improve cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on neurogenes…
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Lentivirus-mediated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) knock-down in the hippocampus alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory deficits and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice Open
Collectively, our findings suggest that IL-1β is necessary for the oxidative and neuroinflammatory responses produced by LPS and offers a novel drug target in the IL-1β/oxidative/neuroinflammatory/neurotrophic pathway for treating neuropsy…
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Microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease: Activated, Dysfunctional or Degenerative Open
Microglial activation has been considered a crucial player in the pathological process of multiple human neurodegenerative diseases. In some of these pathologies, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or Multiple Sclerosis, the immune syst…
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Gamma rhythm communication between entorhinal cortex and dentate gyrus neuronal assemblies Open
Brain region coordination in learning Gamma-frequency oscillations have been hypothesized as a physiological mechanism of interregional communication in the brain. However, until now, all supporting data have been correlational and thus in…
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Photobiomodulation and the brain: a new paradigm Open
Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) also known as low level laser therapy (tLLLT) relies on the use of red/NIR light to stimulate, preserve and regenerate cells and tissues. The mechanism of action involves photon absorption in the mitoc…
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Plaque associated microglia hyper-secrete extracellular vesicles and accelerate tau propagation in a humanized APP mouse model Open
Background Recent studies suggest that microglia contribute to tau pathology progression in Alzheimer’s disease. Amyloid plaque accumulation transforms microglia, the primary innate immune cells in the brain, into neurodegenerative microgl…
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Microglia secrete miR-146a-5p-containing exosomes to regulate neurogenesis in depression Open
Enhancing neurogenesis within the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is critical for maintaining brain development and function in many neurological diseases. However, the neural mechanisms underlying neurogenesis in depression remain unclear.…
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The Neuroprotective Effects of Exercise: Maintaining a Healthy Brain Throughout Aging Open
Physical activity plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy body, yet it also provides unique benefits for the vascular and cellular systems that sustain a healthy brain. While the benefit of exercise has been observed in humans of …
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Neuroinflammation, memory, and depression: new approaches to hippocampal neurogenesis Open
As one of most common and severe mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly increases the risks of premature death and other medical conditions for patients. Neuroinflammation is the abnormal immune response in the bra…
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Adult-born hippocampal neurons bidirectionally modulate entorhinal inputs into the dentate gyrus Open
Afferents modulate newborn neurons What is the role of adult neurogenesis in learning, memory, and mood? Luna et al. found that adult-born neurons either inhibited or excited the dentate gyrus, depending on whether synaptic inputs originat…
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Hippocampal Respiration-Driven Rhythm Distinct from Theta Oscillations in Awake Mice Open
We have recently described a slow oscillation in the hippocampus of urethane-anesthetized mice, which couples to nasal respiration and is clearly distinct from co-occurring theta oscillations. Here we set out to investigate whether such ty…
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Sparse activity of identified dentate granule cells during spatial exploration Open
In the dentate gyrus – a key component of spatial memory circuits – granule cells (GCs) are known to be morphologically diverse and to display heterogeneous activity profiles during behavior. To resolve structure–function relationships, we…
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Rapid stimulation of human dentate gyrus function with acute mild exercise Open
Significance Our previous work has shown that mild physical exercise can promote better memory in rodents. Here, we use functional MRI in healthy young adults to assess the immediate impact of a short bout of mild exercise on the brain mec…
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Tryptophan-metabolizing gut microbes regulate adult neurogenesis via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor Open
Significance While the effects of gut microbes on brain development and function have been described, the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that tryptophan-metabolizing gut microbes secrete indoles that regulate neurogenes…
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Dancing or Fitness Sport? The Effects of Two Training Programs on Hippocampal Plasticity and Balance Abilities in Healthy Seniors Open
Age-related degenerations in brain structure are associated with balance disturbances and cognitive impairment. However, neuroplasticity is known to be preserved throughout lifespan and physical training studies with seniors could reveal v…
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Adult neurogenesis and neurodegenerative diseases: A systems biology perspective Open
New neurons are generated throughout adulthood in two regions of the brain, the olfactory bulb and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and are incorporated into the hippocampal network circuitry; disruption of this process has been postulate…
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Autophagic death of neural stem cells mediates chronic stress-induced decline of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive deficits Open
Macroautophagy/autophagy is generally regarded as a cytoprotective mechanism, and it remains a matter of controversy whether autophagy can cause cell death in mammals. Here, we show that chronic restraint stress suppresses adult hippocampa…
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Hyperactive neuronal autophagy depletes BDNF and impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis in a corticosterone-induced mouse model of depression Open
Background: Depression is a mental disorder that poses a serious threat to human health. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is closely associated with the efficacy of antidepressants. Chronic treatment with corticosterone (CORT), a well-…