Response inhibition
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The Neurocognitive Profile of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Meta-Analyses Open
The evidence suggests that ADHD is associated with substantial deficits across a variety of neurocognitive domains. This is the most in-depth review of the neurocognitive functioning of people with ADHD to date.
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A Hierarchical Model of Inhibitory Control Open
Inhibitory control describes the suppression of goal-irrelevant stimuli and behavioral responses. Current developmental taxonomies distinguish between Response Inhibition - the ability to suppress a prepotent motor response, and Attentiona…
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A systematic review of the relationship between eating, weight and inhibitory control using the stop signal task Open
Altered inhibitory control (response inhibition, reward-based inhibition, cognitive inhibition, reversal learning) has been implicated in eating disorders (EDs) and obesity. It is unclear, however, how different types of inhibitory control…
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Correction: Corrigendum: DNA damage response inhibition at dysfunctional telomeres by modulation of telomeric DNA damage response RNAs Open
Nature Communications 8: Article number: 13980 (2017); Published: 27 February 2017; Updated: 13 April 2017 In Supplementary Fig. 3d, the two columns of DAPI images associated with pATM and pS/TQ images were inadvertently swapped. The corre…
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Differences in unity: The go/no-go and stop signal tasks rely on different mechanisms Open
Response inhibition refers to the suppression of prepared or initiated actions. Typically, the go/no-go task (GNGT) or the stop signal task (SST) are used interchangeably to capture individual differences in response inhibition. On the one…
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General Deficit in Inhibitory Control of Excessive Smartphone Users: Evidence from an Event-Related Potential Study Open
With the popularity of smartphones, the problem of excessive use has drawn increasing attention. However, it is not clear whether there is an inhibitory deficit in excessive smartphone users. Using a modified Go/NoGo task with three types …
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Acute Physical Activity Enhances Executive Functions in Children with ADHD Open
Acute physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity has been shown to improve cognitive functions in children. However, the empirical evidence associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children is still limit…
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Do all inhibitions act alike? A study of go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms Open
Response inhibition is frequently measured by the Go/no-go and Stop-signal tasks. These two are often used indiscriminately under the assumption that both measure similar inhibitory control abilities. However, accumulating evidence show di…
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Neural and behavioral mechanisms of proactive and reactive inhibition Open
Response inhibition is an important component of adaptive behavior. Substantial prior research has focused on reactive inhibition, which refers to the cessation of a motor response that is already in progress. More recently, a growing numb…
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Behavioral and Electrophysiological Differences in Executive Control Between Monolingual and Bilingual Children Open
This study examined executive control in sixty-two 5-year-old children who were monolingual or bilingual using behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) measures. All children performed equivalently on simple response inhibition (gift…
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Training response inhibition to reduce food consumption: Mechanisms, stimulus specificity and appropriate training protocols Open
Training individuals to inhibit their responses towards unhealthy foods has been shown to reduce food intake relative to a control group. Here we aimed to further explore these effects by investigating the role of stimulus devaluation, tra…
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The impairing effects of mental fatigue on response inhibition: An ERP study Open
Mental fatigue is one of the main reasons for the decline of response inhibition. This study aimed to explore the impairing influence of mental fatigue on a driver's response inhibition. The effects of mental fatigue on response inhibition…
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Training and transfer effects of response inhibition training in children and adults Open
Response inhibition is crucial for mental and physical health but studies assessing the trainability of this type of inhibition are rare. Thirty‐nine children aged 10‐12 years and 46 adults aged 18‐24 years were assigned to an adaptive go/…
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Proactive inhibitory control: A general biasing account Open
Flexible behavior requires a control system that can inhibit actions in response to changes in the environment. Recent studies suggest that people proactively adjust response parameters in anticipation of a stop signal. In three experiment…
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Dual neurocircuitry dysfunctions in disruptive behavior disorders: emotional responding and response inhibition Open
Background To determine the functional integrity of the neural systems involved in emotional responding/regulation and response control/inhibition in youth (age 10–18 years) with disruptive behavioral disorders (DBDs: conduct disorder and/…
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Positive urgency is related to difficulty inhibiting prepotent responses. Open
Positive urgency, the tendency to respond impulsively to positive affective states, has been linked to many psychopathologies, but little is known about mechanisms underpinning this form of impulsivity. We examined whether the Positive Urg…
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Gain in Body Fat Is Associated with Increased Striatal Response to Palatable Food Cues, whereas Body Fat Stability Is Associated with Decreased Striatal Response Open
This novel, repeated-measures brain-imaging study suggests that adolescents who gained body fat over our follow-up period experienced an increase in striatal responsivity to cues for palatable foods compared to those who showed stability o…
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Frontal and motor cortex contributions to response inhibition: evidence from electrocorticography Open
Changes in the environment require rapid modification or inhibition of ongoing behavior. We used the stop-signal paradigm and intracranial recordings to investigate response preparation, inhibition, and monitoring of task-relevant informat…
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Segregating Top-Down Selective Attention from Response Inhibition in a Spatial Cueing Go/NoGo Task: An ERP and Source Localization Study Open
Successfully inhibiting a prepotent response tendency requires the attentional detection of signals which cue response cancellation. Although neuroimaging studies have identified important roles of stimulus-driven processing in the attenti…
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M-current inhibition rapidly induces a unique CK2-dependent plasticity of the axon initial segment Open
Significance The axon initial segment (AIS), the region where neurons generate spikes, was recently shown to be a highly dynamic structure, exhibiting plasticity over wide timescales. Here we triggered a unique form of AIS plasticity in hi…
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Executive Functions and Impulsivity Are Genetically Distinct and Independently Predict Psychopathology: Results From Two Adult Twin Studies Open
Laboratory executive function (EF) constructs, such as response inhibition, are often conceptually linked with self-report measures of impulsivity, yet their empirical correlations are low. We examined, in two twin studies ( n s = 749 and …
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Impulsive aggression and response inhibition in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behavioral disorders: Findings from a systematic review Open
Control network deficits were evidenced across clinical phenotypes in IA and RI. Dysfunctions at any level within these cortico-subcortical projections lead to deficient cognitive-affective control by ascribing emotional salience to otherw…
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Distinct brain responses to different inhibitions: Evidence from a modified Flanker Task Open
Whether inhibition is a unitary or multifaceted construct is still an open question. To clarify the electrophysiological distinction among the different types of inhibition, we used a modified flanker paradigm, in which interference inhibi…
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Patterns of bilingual language use and response inhibition: A test of the adaptive control hypothesis Open
Given prior studies that provided inconsistent results, there is an ongoing debate on the issue of whether bilingualism benefits cognitive control. We tested the Adaptive Control Hypothesis, according to which only the intense use of diffe…
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On the interrelation of 1/<i>f</i> neural noise and norepinephrine system activity during motor response inhibition Open
Several lines of evidence suggest that there is a close interrelation between the degree of noise in neural circuits and the activity of the norepinephrine (NE) system, yet the precise nexus between these aspects is far from being understo…
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Is (poly-) substance use associated with impaired inhibitory control? A mega-analysis controlling for confounders Open
Many studies have reported that heavy substance use is associated with impaired response inhibition. Studies typically focused on associations with a single substance, while polysubstance use is common. Further, most studies compared heavy…
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Glutamatergic Signaling Drives Ketamine-Mediated Response in Depression: Evidence from Dynamic Causal Modeling Open
NCT#00088699.
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Small Acute Benefits of 4 Weeks Processing Speed Training Games on Processing Speed and Inhibition Performance and Depressive Mood in the Healthy Elderly People: Evidence from a Randomized Control Trial Open
Background: Processing speed training using a 1-year intervention period improves cognitive functions and emotional states of elderly people. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether short-term processing speed training such as 4 weeks can…
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Changes in executive function over time in bilingual and monolingual school-aged children. Open
We examined the development of 3 executive function (EF) components-inhibition, updating, and task shifting-over time in monolingual and bilingual school-age children. We tested 41 monolingual and 41 simultaneous bilingual typically develo…
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Partial response electromyography as a marker of action stopping Open
Response inhibition is among the core constructs of cognitive control. It is notoriously difficult to quantify from overt behavior, since the outcome of successful inhibition is the lack of a behavioral response. Currently, the most common…