Infiltration (HVAC)
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Cold Tumors: A Therapeutic Challenge for Immunotherapy Open
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints (ICPs) have changed the treatment landscape of many tumors. However, response rate remains relatively low in most cases. A major factor involved in initial resistance to ICP in…
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m6A regulator-mediated methylation modification patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in gastric cancer Open
Background The epigenetic regulation of immune response has been demonstrated in recent studies. Nonetheless, potential roles of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) modification in tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration remain unknown. …
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Tumor immune microenvironment characterization in clear cell renal cell carcinoma identifies prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant messenger RNA signatures Open
Our analysis sheds light on the immune infiltration patterns of 19 human cancers and unravels mRNA signatures with prognostic utility and immunotherapeutic biomarker potential in ccRCC.
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Turning cold tumors into hot tumors by improving T-cell infiltration Open
Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has greatly improved the clinical efficacy of malignant tumor therapy. ICI-mediated antitumor responses depend on the infiltration of T cells capable of recognizing and kil…
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Cellular and Molecular Identity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma Open
In glioblastoma (GBM), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent up to one half of the cells of the tumor mass, including both infiltrating macrophages and resident brain microglia. In an effort to delineate the temporal and spatial dyn…
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Illuminating hydrological processes at the soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere interface with water stable isotopes Open
Water stable isotopes ( 18 O and 2 H) are widely used as ideal tracers to track water through the soil and to separate evaporation from transpiration. Due to the technical developments in the last two decades, soil water stable isotope dat…
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Patterns of PD-L1 expression and CD8 T cell infiltration in gastric adenocarcinomas and associated immune stroma Open
Objective Recent data supports a significant role for immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumours. Here, we evaluate gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinomas for their expression of programmed deat…
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Tumor-Infiltrating Natural Killer Cells Open
Because of their potent antitumor activity and their proinflammatory role, natural killer (NK) cells are at the forefront of efforts to develop immuno-oncologic treatments. NK cells participate in immune responses to tumors by killing targ…
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Implementing Plant Hydraulics in the Community Land Model, Version 5 Open
Version 5 of the Community Land Model (CLM5) introduces the plant hydraulic stress (PHS) configuration of vegetation water use, which is described and compared with the corresponding parameterization from CLM4.5. PHS updates vegetation wat…
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Photothermal Therapy Promotes Tumor Infiltration and Antitumor Activity of CAR T Cells Open
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐redirected T lymphocytes (CAR T cells) show modest therapeutic efficacy in solid tumors. The desmoplastic structure of the tumor and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment usually account for the reduc…
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A cancer vaccine-mediated postoperative immunotherapy for recurrent and metastatic tumors Open
Vaccines to induce effective and sustained antitumor immunity have great potential for postoperative cancer therapy. However, a robust cancer vaccine simultaneously eliciting tumor-specific immunity and abolishing immune resistance continu…
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Blocking CXCR4 alleviates desmoplasia, increases T-lymphocyte infiltration, and improves immunotherapy in metastatic breast cancer Open
Significance Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) along with nab-paclitaxel has increased progression-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients, a large fraction of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients do not benefit …
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More friend than foe: the emerging role of neutrophils in tissue repair Open
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in humans and serve as first responders to a myriad of host perturbations. Equipped with a plethora of antimicrobial molecules, neutrophils invade sites of inflammation to eradicate pathogens …
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Neutrophil‐Based Drug Delivery Systems Open
White blood cells (WBCs) are a major component of immunity in response to pathogen invasion. Neutrophils are the most abundant WBCs in humans, playing a central role in acute inflammation induced by pathogens. Adhesion to vasculature and t…
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Intravenous delivery of oncolytic reovirus to brain tumor patients immunologically primes for subsequent checkpoint blockade Open
Intravenous infusion of oncolytic reovirus in patients leads to infection of brain tumors, infiltration by cytotoxic T cells, and up-regulation of PD-L1.
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Role of Cardiac Macrophages on Cardiac Inflammation, Fibrosis and Tissue Repair Open
The immune system plays a pivotal role in the initiation, development and resolution of inflammation following insult or damage to organs. The heart is a vital organ which supplies nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body. Heart failu…
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Fatty Infiltration of Skeletal Muscle: Mechanisms and Comparisons with Bone Marrow Adiposity Open
Skeletal muscle and bone share common embryological origins from mesodermal cell populations and also display common growth trajectories early in life. Moreover, muscle and bone are both mechanoresponsive tissues, and the mass and strength…
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Identification and Verification of Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Signature Based on ssGSEA for Osteosarcoma Open
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescence. Multiple immune-related genes have been reported in different cancers. The aim is to identify an immune-related gene signature for the prospective evaluation…
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Flow-induced, inflammation-mediated arterial wall remodeling in the formation and progression of intracranial aneurysms Open
OBJECTIVE Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are relatively common lesions that may cause devastating intracranial hemorrhage, thus producing considerable suffering and anxiety in those affected by the disease or an increased likelih…
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Mechanisms of regulatory T cell infiltration in tumors: implications for innovative immune precision therapies Open
With the broad application of cancer immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple cancer types, the immunological landscape in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has become enormously important for determining the optimal…
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Neutrophils instruct homeostatic and pathological states in naive tissues Open
Immune protection relies on the capacity of neutrophils to infiltrate challenged tissues. Naive tissues, in contrast, are believed to remain free of these cells and protected from their toxic cargo. Here, we show that neutrophils are endow…
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Comparison of soil moisture in GLDAS model simulations and in situ observations over the Tibetan Plateau Open
Soil moisture is a key state variable in many hydrological processes. The Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) can produce global and continuous soil moisture data sets which have been used in many applications. In this study, simu…
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Macrophages of distinct origins contribute to tumor development in the lung Open
Tissue-resident macrophages can self-maintain without contribution of adult hematopoiesis. Herein we show that tissue-resident interstitial macrophages (Res-TAMs) in mouse lungs contribute to the pool of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)…
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Legacy, Rather Than Adequacy, Drives the Selection of Hydrological Models Open
The findings of hydrological modeling studies depend on which model was used. Although hydrological model selection is a crucial step, experience suggests that hydrologists tend to stick to the model they have experience with, and rarely s…
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Role of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Atherosclerosis Open
Inflammation with macrophage infiltration is a key feature of atherosclerosis. Although the mechanisms had been unclear, emerging evidence unveiled that NLRP3 inflammasomes, which regulate caspase-1 activation and subsequent processing of …
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The pervasive and multifaceted influence of biocrusts on water in the world's drylands Open
The capture and use of water are critically important in drylands, which collectively constitute Earth's largest biome. Drylands will likely experience lower and more unreliable rainfall as climatic conditions change over the next century.…
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Immune infiltration and PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment are prognostic in osteosarcoma Open
Osteosarcoma patient survival has remained stagnant for 30 years. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve outcomes. We examined the expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and defined the tumor immune microenvironment to…
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T‐cell infiltration and clonality correlate with programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death‐ligand 1 expression in patients with soft tissue sarcomas Open
BACKGROUND Patients with metastatic sarcomas have poor outcomes and although the disease may be amenable to immunotherapies, information regarding the immunologic profiles of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtypes is limited. METHODS The autho…
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Pan-Cancer Analysis of Immune Cell Infiltration Identifies a Prognostic Immune-Cell Characteristic Score (ICCS) in Lung Adenocarcinoma Open
Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of heterogeneous cell populations, including malignant cells and nonmalignant cells that support tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through extensive cross talk. The intra-tu…
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Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Regulatory T Cells Infiltration and the Clinical Outcome in Colorectal Cancer Open
The aim of the study is the assessment of the intensity of the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) CD68+/iNOS- and Tregs CD8+/FoxP3+ in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients as prognostic factors with respect to disease-free sur…