Study heterogeneity ≈ Study heterogeneity
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Basics of meta‐analysis: <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> is not an absolute measure of heterogeneity Open
When we speak about heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis, our intent is usually to understand the substantive implications of the heterogeneity. If an intervention yields a mean effect size of 50 points, we want to know if the effect size in d…
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Trial Sequential Analysis in systematic reviews with meta-analysis Open
Trial Sequential Analysis represents analysis of meta-analytic data, with transparent assumptions, and better control of type I and type II errors than the traditional meta-analysis using naïve unadjusted confidence intervals.
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More than 50 Long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can involve sequelae and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery, which has come to be called Long-COVID or COVID long-haulers. This systematic review and meta-analysis a…
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The global prevalence of IBS in adults remains elusive due to the heterogeneity of studies: a Rome Foundation working team literature review Open
Objectives The global prevalence of IBS is difficult to ascertain, particularly in light of the heterogeneity of published epidemiological studies. The aim was to conduct a literature review, by experts from around the world, of community-…
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Long-COVID in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses Open
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analyses is to estimate the prevalence of long-COVID in children and adolescents and to present the full spectrum of symptoms present after acute COVID-19. We have used PubMed and Embase to …
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Association Between Risk-of-Bias Assessments and Results of Randomized Trials in Cochrane Reviews: The ROBES Meta-Epidemiologic Study Open
Flaws in the design of randomized trials may bias intervention effect estimates and increase between-trial heterogeneity. Empirical evidence suggests that these problems are greatest for subjectively assessed outcomes. For the Risk of Bias…
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Accuracy of novel antigen rapid diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2: A living systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Background SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are increasingly being integrated in testing strategies around the world. Studies of the Ag-RDTs have shown variable performance. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, w…
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Social relationships and cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies Open
Despite heterogeneity in study design and measures, our meta-analyses show that multiple aspects of social relationships are associated with cognitive decline. As evidence for publication bias was found, the association might be overestima…
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Statistical Primer: heterogeneity, random- or fixed-effects model analyses?† Open
Heterogeneity in meta-analysis describes differences in treatment effects between trials that exceed those we may expect through chance alone. Accounting for heterogeneity drives different statistical methods for summarizing data and, if h…
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The global gap in treatment coverage for major depressive disorder in 84 countries from 2000–2019: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-regression analysis Open
Background The treatment coverage for major depressive disorder (MDD) is low in many parts of the world despite MDD being a major contributor to disability globally. Most existing reviews of MDD treatment coverage do not account for potent…
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Proton pump inhibitors therapy and risk of Clostridium difficile infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis Open
This meta-analysis provides further evidence that PPI use is associated with an increased risk for development of CDI. Further high-quality, prospective studies are needed to assess whether this association is causal.
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Association of Drug Cues and Craving With Drug Use and Relapse Open
Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that drug cue and craving indicators play significant roles in drug use and relapse outcomes and are an important mechanism underlying SUDs. Clinically, these results support i…
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Corticosteroids in Sepsis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis addresses the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in critically ill patients with sepsis. Data Sources: We updated a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and LILACS, and u…
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Prevalence of chronic pain in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Chronic pain (CP) is prevalent worldwide. Current reports on its prevalence in developing countries are heterogeneous, and to date, there is no quantitative synthesis providing a general estimation of its magnitude in the developing world.…
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of cognitive impairment no dementia in the first year post-stroke Open
Introduction Increasing attention is being paid to interventions for cognitive impairment (CI) post-stroke, including for CI that does not meet dementia criteria. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis o…
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Clinical manifestations in primary ciliary dyskinesia: systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Few original studies have described the prevalence and severity of clinical symptoms of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify all published studies on clinical manifestations of PCD pa…
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Effect of computerised cognitive training on cognitive outcomes in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Objectives To determine the effect of computerised cognitive training (CCT) on improving cognitive function for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed, Embase, Web…
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Regenerative surgery versus access flap for the treatment of intra‐bony periodontal defects: A systematic review and meta‐analysis Open
Background The aim of this systematic review was to compare clinical, radiographic and patient‐reported outcomes (PROMs) in intra‐bony defects treated with regenerative surgery or access flap. Materials and Methods A systematic review prot…
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Performance of the quick Sequential (sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment score as a prognostic tool in infected patients outside the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
A positive qSOFA score had high specificity outside the ICU in early detection of in-hospital mortality, acute organ dysfunction, and ICU admission, but low sensitivity may have limitations as a predictive tool for adverse outcomes. Becaus…
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Distribution and Temporal Trends From 1993 to 2015 of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes Open
Background and Purpose— Preventive strategies, together with demographic and socioeconomic changes, might have modified the worldwide distribution of ischemic stroke (IS) subtypes. We investigated those changes by means of a systematic rev…
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Prevalence of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Open
The findings of this systematic review and meta-regression analysis may help facilitate policy formulation, channeling funding and guiding principles for better disease diagnosis using universal valid tools and management.
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Incidence and prevalence of systemic sclerosis globally: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Objectives We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence and prevalence of SSc covering the entire literature. Methods This study followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Rev…
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A Meta-Analysis of the Global Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders Open
Background: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the proportion of people with TMDs in different studies, considering factors such as geographical region, patient age, and sample size. Methods: The search yielded 6984 articles on the incide…
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Random effects meta‐analysis: Coverage performance of 95<i>%</i> confidence and prediction intervals following REML estimation Open
A random effects meta‐analysis combines the results of several independent studies to summarise the evidence about a particular measure of interest, such as a treatment effect. The approach allows for unexplained between‐study heterogeneit…
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Social networks and symptomatic and functional outcomes in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Psychosocial interventions which support individuals to build and maintain social networks may improve outcomes in schizophrenia. The review findings are cross-sectional and thus causal direction cannot be inferred. Further research is req…
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Global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Introduction With increasing diabetes trends worldwide, morbidity, mortality and associated costs due to diabetes-related complications are a global public health concern. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is among the leading causes of vision los…
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Efficacy of preoperative biliary drainage in malignant obstructive jaundice: a meta-analysis and systematic review Open
In patients with malignant biliary jaundice requiring surgery, PBD group had significantly less major adverse effects than DS group. Length of hospital stay and mortality rate were comparable in both the groups.
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Breathing exercises for adults with asthma Open
Breathing exercises may have some positive effects on quality of life, hyperventilation symptoms, and lung function. Due to some methodological differences among included studies and studies with poor methodology, the quality of evidence f…
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Assessing robustness against potential publication bias in Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analyses for fMRI Open
The importance of integrating research findings is incontrovertible and procedures for coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) such as Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) have become a popular approach to combine results of fMRI studies w…
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All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among People Using Extramedical Opioids Open
The findings suggest that people using extramedical opioids experience significant excess mortality, much of which is preventable. The range of causes for which excess mortality was observed highlights the multiplicity of risk exposures ex…