Neural stem cell
View article: Single-cell genomics identifies cell type–specific molecular changes in autism
Single-cell genomics identifies cell type–specific molecular changes in autism Open
Brain cell transcriptomes in autism Autism manifests in many ways. Despite that diversity, the disorder seems to affect specific cellular pathways, including those observed in the neocortex of patients' brains. Velmeshev et al. analyzed th…
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Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen Open
In response to the current global health emergency posed by the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and its link to microcephaly and other neurological conditions, we performed a drug repurposing screen of ∼6,000 compounds that included approved dr…
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The Adult Ventricular–Subventricular Zone (V-SVZ) and Olfactory Bulb (OB) Neurogenesis Open
A large population of neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs) persists in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) located in the walls of the lateral brain ventricles. V-SVZ NSCs produce large numbers of neuroblasts that migrate a long dist…
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Self-Organizing 3D Human Neural Tissue Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Recapitulate Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes Open
The dismal success rate of clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) motivates us to develop model systems of AD pathology that have higher predictive validity. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allows us to model pat…
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Lysosome activation clears aggregates and enhances quiescent neural stem cell activation during aging Open
Lysosomes keep neuronal stem cells young An important consequence of aging is loss of regenerative capacity in stem cells, particularly those of the nervous system. Leeman et al. isolated quiescent and activated stem cells from mice and co…
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Zika virus cell tropism in the developing human brain and inhibition by azithromycin Open
Significance Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has rapidly spread through the Americas and has been associated with fetal abnormalities, including microcephaly. To understand how microcephaly develops, it is important t…
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The Indispensable Roles of Microglia and Astrocytes during Brain Development Open
Glia are essential for brain functioning during development and in the adult brain. Here, we discuss the various roles of both microglia and astrocytes, and their interactions during brain development. Although both cells are fundamentally…
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The RNA m6A Reader YTHDF2 Maintains Oncogene Expression and Is a Targetable Dependency in Glioblastoma Stem Cells Open
Glioblastoma is a universally lethal cancer driven by glioblastoma stem cells (GSC). Here, we interrogated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modifications in GSCs by methyl RNA immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing and transcriptome analy…
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Single-cell atlas of early human brain development highlights heterogeneity of human neuroepithelial cells and early radial glia Open
The human cortex comprises diverse cell types that emerge from an initially uniform neuroepithelium that gives rise to radial glia, the neural stem cells of the cortex. To characterize the earliest stages of human brain development, we per…
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N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through histone modifications Open
Internal N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is widespread in messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and is catalyzed by heterodimers of methyltransferase-like protein 3 (Mettl3) and Mettl14. To understand the role of m6A in development, we deleted Mett…
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Derivation of Human Midbrain-Specific Organoids from Neuroepithelial Stem Cells Open
Research on human brain development and neurological diseases is limited by the lack of advanced experimental in vitro models that truly recapitulate the complexity of the human brain. Here, we describe a robust human brain organoid system…
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Nestin-expressing progenitor cells: function, identity and therapeutic implications Open
The neuroepithelial stem cell protein, or Nestin, is a cytoskeletal intermediate filament initially characterized in neural stem cells. However, current extensive evidence obtained in in vivo models and humans shows presence of Nestin+ cel…
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Single cell transcriptomics reveals spatial and temporal dynamics of gene expression in the developing mouse spinal cord Open
The coordinated spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression in the vertebrate neural tube determines the identity of neural progenitors and the function and physiology of the neurons they generate. Progress has been made deciphering…
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Ythdf2-mediated m6A mRNA clearance modulates neural development in mice Open
We show that the m6A reader protein Ythdf2 modulates neural development by promoting m6A-dependent degradation of neural development-related mRNA targets.
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Functional 3D Neural Mini‐Tissues from Printed Gel‐Based Bioink and Human Neural Stem Cells Open
Direct‐write printing of stem cells within biomaterials presents an opportunity to engineer tissue for in vitro modeling and regenerative medicine. Here, a first example of constructing neural tissue by printing human neural stem cells tha…
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Neural stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles attenuate apoptosis and neuroinflammation after traumatic spinal cord injury by activating autophagy Open
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe irreversible motor dysfunction and even death. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can promote functional recovery after acute SCI in experimental animals, but numerous issues, including low-tra…
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Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein regulates adult neurogenesis Open
Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is a member of the Fe (II)- and oxoglutarate-dependent AlkB dioxygenase family and is linked to both obesity and intellectual disability. The role of FTO in neurodevelopment and neurogenesis, howe…
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disorders Open
Neurological disorders are becoming a growing burden as society ages, and there is a compelling need to address this spiraling problem. Stem cell‐based regenerative medicine is becoming an increasingly attractive approach to designing ther…
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SARS-CoV-2 infects human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids Open
Dear Editor,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 1 has resulted in over 13 million confirmed cases and more than 580,045 deaths across 218 countries and geogra…
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Live imaging of neurogenesis in the adult mouse hippocampus Open
Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) generate neurons throughout life in the mammalian hippocampus. We used chronic in vivo imaging and followed genetically labeled individual NSPCs and their progeny in the mouse hippocampus for up to …
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A Fatty Acid Oxidation-Dependent Metabolic Shift Regulates Adult Neural Stem Cell Activity Open
Hippocampal neurogenesis is important for certain forms of cognition, and failing neurogenesis has been implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases. The neurogenic capacity of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) depends on a balan…
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Generation of vascularized brain organoids to study neurovascular interactions Open
Brain organoids have been used to recapitulate the processes of brain development and related diseases. However, the lack of vasculatures, which regulate neurogenesis and brain disorders, limits the utility of brain organoids. In this stud…
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Pre-clinical study of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor cells for Parkinson’s disease Open
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived dopaminergic (DA) neurons are an expected source for cell-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD). The regulatory criteria for the clinical application of these therapies, however, have not…
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Angiogenesis and neuronal remodeling after ischemic stroke Open
Increased microvessel density in the peri-infarct region has been reported and has been correlated with longer survival times in ischemic stroke patients and has improved outcomes in ischemic animal models.This raises the possibility that …
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FMRP Modulates Neural Differentiation through m6A-Dependent mRNA Nuclear Export Open
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of mRNA is emerging as a vital mechanism regulating RNA function. Here, we show that fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) reads m6A to promote nuclear export of methylated mRNA targets during ne…
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3D Printed Stem‐Cell Derived Neural Progenitors Generate Spinal Cord Scaffolds Open
A bioengineered spinal cord is fabricated via extrusion‐based multimaterial 3D bioprinting, in which clusters of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived spinal neuronal progenitor cells (sNPCs) and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OP…
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Differences and similarities between human and chimpanzee neural progenitors during cerebral cortex development Open
Human neocortex expansion likely contributed to the remarkable cognitive abilities of humans. This expansion is thought to primarily reflect differences in proliferation versus differentiation of neural progenitors during cortical developm…
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Temporal Patterning in the <i>Drosophila</i> CNS Open
A small pool of neural progenitors generates the vast diversity of cell types in the CNS. Spatial patterning specifies progenitor identity, followed by temporal patterning within progenitor lineages to expand neural diversity. Recent work …
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Exosomes regulate neurogenesis and circuit assembly Open
Significance Exosomes have been implicated in intercellular communication in cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. We explored their function in brain development. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that exosomes from isogenic control cultu…
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A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study Reveals Cellular and Molecular Dynamics of the Hippocampal Neurogenic Niche Open
Adult neurogenesis in the murine dentate gyrus occurs in a specialized microenvironment that sustains the generation of neurons during life. To fully understand adult neurogenesis, it is essential to determine the neural stem cell (NSC) an…