Cyclotron ≈ Cyclotron
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Innovative Target for Production of Technetium-99m by Biomedical Cyclotron Open
Technetium-99m (99mTc) is the most used radionuclide worldwide in nuclear medicine for diagnostic imaging procedures. 99mTc is typically extracted from portable generators containing 99Mo, which is produced normally in nuclear reactors as …
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Boron neutron capture therapy using cyclotron-based epithermal neutron source and borofalan (10B) for recurrent or locally advanced head and neck cancer (JHN002): An open-label phase II trial Open
These data suggest that BNCT using C-BENS with borofalan (10B) is a promising treatment option for patients with R-SCC or R/LA-nSCC of the head and neck.
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Cyclotron lines in highly magnetized neutron stars Open
Cyclotron lines, also called cyclotron resonant scattering features are spectral features, generally appearing in absorption, in the X-ray spectra of objects containing highly magnetized neutron stars, allowing the direct measurement of th…
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High-power gyrotrons for electron cyclotron heating and current drive Open
In many tokamak and stellarator experiments around the globe that are investigating energy production via controlled thermonuclear fusion, electron cyclotron heating and current drive (ECH&CD) are used for plasma start-up, heating, non-ind…
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Achievement of Reactor-Relevant Performance in Negative Triangularity Shape in the DIII-D Tokamak Open
Plasma discharges with a negative triangularity (δ=-0.4) shape have been created in the DIII-D tokamak with a significant normalized beta (β_{N}=2.7) and confinement characteristic of the high confinement mode (H_{98y2}=1.2) despite the ab…
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Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator Open
After completing the main construction phase of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) and successfully commissioning the device, first plasma operation started at the end of 2015. Integral commissioning of plasma start-up and operation using electron cyc…
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Deciphering dissolved organic matter by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS): from bulk to fractions and individuals Open
Exploring the source, transformation pathways, and the fate of natural organic matter (NOM) is critical to understanding the regional/global carbon cycle and carbon budget. The dissolved fraction of NOM, i.e., dissolved organic matter (DOM…
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Determining the neutrino mass with cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy—Project 8 Open
The most sensitive direct method to establish the absolute neutrino mass is observation of the endpoint of the tritium beta-decay spectrum. Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) is a precision spectrographic technique that can p…
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Performance and properties of the first plasmas of Wendelstein 7-X Open
The optimized, superconducting stellarator Wendelstein 7-X went into operation and delivered first measurement data after 15 years of construction and one year commissioning. Errors in the magnet assembly were confirmend to be small. Plasm…
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Multi‐MeV electron loss in the heart of the radiation belts Open
Significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding acceleration mechanisms in the Earth's radiation belts. In particular, a number of studies demonstrated the importance of the local acceleration by analyzing the radial pr…
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MMS observations of whistler waves in electron diffusion region Open
Whistler waves that can produce anomalous resistivity by affecting electrons' motion have been suggested as one of the mechanisms responsible for magnetic reconnection in the electron diffusion region (EDR). Such type of waves, however, ha…
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Broadband Amplification of Low-Terahertz Signals Using Axis-Encircling Electrons in a Helically Corrugated Interaction Region Open
Experimental results are presented of a broadband, high power, gyrotron traveling wave amplifier (gyro-TWA) operating in the (75-110)-GHz frequency band and based on a helically corrugated interaction region. The second harmonic cyclotron …
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Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium–tritium operation with the ITER like-wall Open
For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des . 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/5…
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Russian Gyrotrons: Achievements and Trends Open
The last decade has contributed to the rapid progress in the gyrotron development. Megawatt-class, continuous wave gyrotrons are employed as high-power millimeter (mm)-wave sources for electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and current drive in …
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Statistical distribution of EMIC wave spectra: Observations from Van Allen Probes Open
It has been known that electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves can precipitate ultrarelativistic electrons through cyclotron resonant scattering. However, the overall effectiveness of this mechanism has yet to be quantified, because it …
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Modern Propulsions for Aerospace-Part II Open
Speaking about a new engine ionic means to speak about a new aircraft. The paper presents in a short time the actual engines ion chambers (called the ion thrusters) and other new ionic motors proposed by the authors. The engine (ionic prop…
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FLASH Investigations Using Protons: Design of Delivery System, Preclinical Setup and Confirmation of FLASH Effect with Protons in Animal Systems Open
Extremely high-dose-rate irradiation, referred to as FLASH, has been shown to be less damaging to normal tissues than the same dose administrated at conventional dose rates. These results, typically seen at dose rates exceeding 40 Gy/s (or…
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Optimization of ICRH for core impurity control in JET-ILW Open
Ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating has been an essential component in the development of high power H-mode scenarios in the Jet European Torus ITER-like wall (JET-ILW). The ICRF performance was improved by enhancing the anten…
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Nonresonant interactions of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves with relativistic electrons Open
The dynamics of relativistic electrons traveling through a parallel‐propagating, monochromatic electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave in the Earth's dipole field are investigated via test particle simulations. Both resonant and nonreson…
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Luminosity dependence of the cyclotron line and evidence for the accretion regime transition in V 0332+53 Open
We report on the analysis of NuSTAR observations of the Be-transient X-ray pulsar V 0332+53 during the giant outburst in 2015 and another minor outburst in 2016. We confirm the cyclotron-line energy–luminosity correlation previously report…
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Unraveling the excitation mechanisms of highly oblique lower band chorus waves Open
Excitation mechanisms of highly oblique, quasi‐electrostatic lower band chorus waves are investigated using Van Allen Probes observations near the equator of the Earth's magnetosphere. Linear growth rates are evaluated based on in situ, me…
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Predictions of core plasma performance for the SPARC tokamak Open
SPARC is designed to be a high-field, medium-size tokamak aimed at achieving net energy gain with ion cyclotron range-of-frequencies (ICRF) as its primary auxiliary heating mechanism. Empirical predictions with conservative physics indicat…
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2D radial-azimuthal particle-in-cell benchmark for <b>E</b> <b>×</b> <b>B</b> discharges Open
In this paper we propose a representative simulation test-case of E × B discharges accounting for plasma wall interactions with the presence of both the electron cyclotron drift instability and the modified-two-stream-instability. Seven in…
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Hot Plasma Effects on the Cyclotron‐Resonant Pitch‐Angle Scattering Rates of Radiation Belt Electrons Due to EMIC Waves Open
To investigate the hot plasma effects on the cyclotron‐resonant interactions between electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and radiation belt electrons in a realistic magnetospheric environment, calculations of the wave‐induced bounce…
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Imaging Cyclotron Orbits of Electrons in Graphene Open
Electrons in graphene can travel for several microns without scattering at low temperatures, and their motion becomes ballistic, following classical trajectories. When a magnetic field B is applied perpendicular to the plane, electrons fol…
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First Observation of the de Haas–van Alphen Effect and Fermi Surfaces in the Unconventional Superconductor UTe<sub>2</sub> Open
We report the first observation of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect in\nthe novel spin-triplet superconductor UTe2 using high quality single crystals\nwith the high residual resistivity ratio (RRR) over 200. The dHvA frequencies,\nname…
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Integrated operation of steady-state long-pulse H-mode in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak Open
Recent Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experiments have successfully demonstrated a long-pulse steady-state scenario with improved plasma performance through integrated operation since the last IAEA FEC in 2016. A disc…
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Nonlinear structures and anomalous transport in partially magnetized E×B plasmas Open
Nonlinear dynamics of the electron-cyclotron instability driven by the electron E×B current in a crossed electric and magnetic field is studied. In the nonlinear regime, the instability proceeds by developing a large amplitude coherent wav…
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How expanded ionospheres of Hot Jupiters can prevent escape of radio emission generated by the cyclotron maser instability Open
We present a study of plasma conditions in the atmospheres of the Hot\nJupiters HD 209458b and HD 189733b and for an HD 209458b-like planet at orbit\nlocations between 0.2-1 AU around a Sun-like star. We discuss how these\nconditions influ…
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Multi-device studies of pedestal physics and confinement in the I-mode regime Open
This paper describes joint ITPA studies of the I-mode regime, which features an edge thermal barrier together with L-mode-like particle and impurity transport and no edge localized modes (ELMs). The regime has been demonstrated on the Alca…