Calorimeter (particle physics)
View article: Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector
Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector Open
The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a …
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First results from the CRESST-III low-mass dark matter program Open
The CRESST experiment is a direct dark matter search which aims to measure\ninteractions of potential dark matter particles in an earth-bound detector.\nWith the current stage, CRESST-III, we focus on a low energy threshold for\nincreased …
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CaloGAN: Simulating 3D high energy particle showers in multilayer electromagnetic calorimeters with generative adversarial networks Open
The precise modeling of subatomic particle interactions and propagation\nthrough matter is paramount for the advancement of nuclear and particle physics\nsearches and precision measurements. The most computationally expensive step in\nthe …
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Jet reconstruction and performance using particle flow with the ATLAS Detector Open
This paper describes the implementation and performance of a particle flow algorithm applied to 20.2 fb$^{-1}$ of ATLAS data from 8 TeV proton-proton collisions in Run 1 of the LHC. The algorithm removes calorimeter energy deposits due to …
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Accelerating Science with Generative Adversarial Networks: An Application to 3D Particle Showers in Multilayer Calorimeters Open
Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) rely on detailed simulations of particle collisions to build expectations of what experimental data may look like under different theoretical modeling assumptions. Petabytes of simulated data a…
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Proton and Helium Spectra from the CREAM-III Flight Open
Primary cosmic-ray elemental spectra have been measured with the balloon-borne Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) experiment since 2004. The third CREAM payload (CREAM-III) flew for 29 days during the 2007–2008 Antarctic season. Energi…
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Jet substructure classification in high-energy physics with deep neural networks Open
At the extreme energies of the Large Hadron Collider, massive particles can be produced at such high velocities that their hadronic decays are collimated and the resulting jets overlap. Deducing whether the substructure of an observed jet …
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Searching for low-mass dark matter particles with a massive Ge bolometer operated above ground Open
The EDELWEISS Collaboration has performed a search for dark matter particles with masses below the GeV scale with a 33.4-g germanium cryogenic detector operated in a surface lab. The energy deposits were measured using a neutron-transmutat…
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Dark sectors at the Fermilab SeaQuest experiment Open
We analyze the unique capability of the existing SeaQuest experiment at Fermilab to discover well-motivated dark sector physics by measuring displaced electron, photon, and hadron decay signals behind a compact shield. A planned installati…
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Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter Open
In this work, commercial 18650 lithium-ion cells with LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, and Li(Ni0.33Mn0.33Co0.33)O2 cathodes were exposed to external heating in an accelerating rate calorimeter (es-ARC, Thermal Hazard Technology (THT), Bletchley, UK), to…
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Modelling and experiments to identify high-risk failure scenarios for testing the safety of lithium-ion cells Open
Intentionally inducing worst-case thermal runaway scenarios in Li-ion cells on-demand is a definitive way to test the efficacy of battery systems in safely mitigating the consequences of catastrophic failure. An internal short-circuiting (…
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The challenge of ionisation chamber dosimetry in ultra-short pulsed high dose-rate Very High Energy Electron beams Open
High dose-rate radiotherapy, known as FLASH, has been shown to increase the differential response between healthy and tumour tissue. Moreover, Very High Energy Electrons (VHEEs) provide more favourable dose distributions than conventional …
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Carbon-free H <sub>2</sub> production from ammonia triggered at room temperature with an acidic RuO <sub>2</sub> /γ-Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> catalyst Open
Heat evolved by ammonia adsorption on RuO 2 /γ-Al 2 O 3 heats the catalyst from room temperature to the autoignition temperature.
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Photoproduction of Axionlike Particles Open
We explore the sensitivity of photon-beam experiments to axionlike particles (ALPs) with QCD-scale masses whose dominant coupling to the standard model is either to photons or gluons. We introduce a novel data-driven method that eliminates…
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Thermophysical Characterization of MgCl2·6H2O, Xylitol and Erythritol as Phase Change Materials (PCM) for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) Open
The application range of existing real scale mobile thermal storage units with phase change materials (PCM) is restricted by the low phase change temperature of 58 ∘ C for sodium acetate trihydrate, which is a commonly used storage materia…
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Differential Scanning Calorimetry — A Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability and Conformation of Protein Antigen Open
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is an analytical technique that measures the molar heat capacity of samples as a function of temperature. In the case of protein samples, DSC profiles provide information about thermal stability, and…
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Development of the CMS detector for the CERN LHC Run 3 Open
Since the initial data taking of the CERN LHC, the CMS experiment has undergone substantial upgrades and improvements. This paper discusses the CMS detector as it is configured for the third data-taking period of the CERN LHC, Run 3, which…
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The e-ASTROGAM mission (exploring the extreme Universe with gamma rays in the MeV-GeV range) Open
e-ASTROGAM (`enhanced ASTROGAM') is a breakthrough Observatory mission dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.3 MeV to 3 GeV. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technolog…
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Score-based generative models for calorimeter shower simulation Open
Score-based generative models are a new class of generative algorithms that have been shown to produce realistic images even in high dimensional spaces, currently surpassing other state-of-the-art models for different benchmark categories …
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Performance of the EDELWEISS-III experiment for direct dark matter searches Open
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Fire Phenomena of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Open
Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) typically exhibit low thermal inertia, resulting in short ignition times and rapid flame spread. In this study, the fire phenomena of RPUFs were investigated using a multi-methodological approach to gain de…
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Technical Proposal for FASER: ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC Open
FASER is a proposed small and inexpensive experiment designed to search for light, weakly-interacting particles during Run 3 of the LHC from 2021-23. Such particles may be produced in large numbers along the beam collision axis, travel for…
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Science with e-ASTROGAM: A space mission for MeV–GeV gamma-ray astrophysics Open
e-ASTROGAM (‘enhanced ASTROGAM’) is a breakthrough Observatory space mission, with a detector composed by a Silicon tracker, a calorimeter, and an anticoincidence system, dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon ene…
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First results on low-mass dark matter from the CRESST-III experiment Open
The CRESST experiment (Cryogenic Rare Even Search with Superconducting Thermometers), located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, searches for dark matter particles via their elastic scattering off nuclei in a target material.…
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Vapor pressure of ionic liquids at low temperatures from AC-chip-calorimetry Open
A new method for the determination of vaporization enthalpies of ionic liquids using mass loss rates from AC-chip-calorimetry at low temperatures and a reliable estimate of the boiling temperature of [EMIm][NTf2] (Tb = (1120 ± 50) K).
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Fast and accurate simulations of calorimeter showers with normalizing flows Open
In this study, we introduce caloflow, a fast detector simulation framework based on normalizing flows. For the first time, we demonstrate that normalizing flows can reproduce many-channel calorimeter showers with extremely high fidelity, p…
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Experimental tests of particle flow calorimetry Open
Precision physics at future colliders requires highly granular calorimeters to support the Particle Flow Approach for event reconstruction. This article presents a review of about 10 - 15 years of R\&D, mainly conducted within the CALICE c…
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Thermal and Mechanical Safety Assessment of Type 21700 Lithium-Ion Batteries with NMC, NCA and LFP Cathodes–Investigation of Cell Abuse by Means of Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC) Open
In this experimental investigation, we studied the safety and thermal runaway behavior of commercial lithium-ion batteries of type 21700. The different cathode materials NMC, NCA and LFP were compared, as well as high power and high energy…
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Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards (RICORS 1.0): A Guide to Conducting and Reporting Human Whole‐Room Calorimeter Studies Open
Whole‐room indirect calorimeters have been used to study human metabolism for more than a century. These studies have contributed substantial knowledge to the assessment of nutritional needs and the regulation of energy expenditure and sub…
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Gram-scale cryogenic calorimeters for rare-event searches Open
The energy threshold of a cryogenic calorimeter can be lowered by reducing its size. This is of importance since the resulting increase in signal rate enables new approaches in rare-event searches, including the detection of MeV mass dark …